Vehicle routing problems require efficient computational solutions to reduce operational costs. Therefore, this paper presents a benchmark analysis of Max-Min Ant System (MMAS) combined with local search applied to th...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783030340292
ISBN:
(纸本)9783030340292;9783030340285
Vehicle routing problems require efficient computational solutions to reduce operational costs. Therefore, this paper presents a benchmark analysis of Max-Min Ant System (MMAS) combined with local search applied to the Asymmetric and Dynamic Travelling Salesman Problem with Moving Vehicle (ADTSPMV). Different from the well known ADTSP, in the moving vehicle scenario the optimization algorithm continues to improve the TSP solution while the vehicle is visiting the clients. The challenge of this scenario is mainly concerned with the fulfilment of hard time restrictions. In this study we evaluate how MMAS performs combined with US local search, 3-opt local search, and a memory mechanism. Besides that, we demonstrate how to model the moving vehicle restrictions under the MMAS algorithm. To perform the benchmark analysis instances from TSBLIB were selected. The dynamism was emulated by means of changes in traffic factors. The results indicate that for ADTSP the MMAS-US is the best algorithm while for ADTSPMV the MMAS-3opt is the most suitable.
Multi-view high dynamic range reconstruction is a challenging problem, especially if the multi-view low dynamic range images are obtained from cameras arranged sparsely with limited shared view of vision among them. I...
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Two most widely used techniques to fabricate GaN p-n structures are: ion-implantation and ICP-RIE etching followed by regrowth. However, both the techniques inextricably suffer from higher leakage current due to defec...
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Mobile crowdsensing (MCS) is a distributed sensing paradigm that uses a variety of built-in sensors in smart mobile devices to enable ubiquitous acquisition of sensory data from surroundings. However, non-dedicated na...
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Modern real-time business analytic consist of heterogeneous workloads (e.g., database queries, graph processing, and machine learning). These analytic applications need programming environments that can capture all as...
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Nowadays, web servers often face the threat of distributed denial of service attacks and their intrusion prevention systems cannot detect those attacks effectively. Many existing intrusion prevention systems detect at...
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Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) assimilate optical functionality within thin ( 0.01. Another factor enabling high diffraction efficiency is the pixel count of the recording exposure. Thus, we use a photolithograph...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510627277
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510627277
Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) assimilate optical functionality within thin (<= 100 mu m), lightweight films. With the recent advent of high dynamic range two-stage photopolymers, gradient-index volume DOEs can now achieve diffraction efficiencies competitive with conventional surface-relief DOEs, while also offering the advantages of contact-free, self-processing optical recording into a flat film that can be laminated between protective sheets. Here we design and fabricate Fresnel lenses with what we believe to be the highest reported diffraction efficiencies achieved to date using this gradient-index DOE approach. Our analysis demonstrates that these high diffraction efficiencies are crucially enabled by the high index modulation of the photopolymer, Delta n > 0.01. Another factor enabling high diffraction efficiency is the pixel count of the recording exposure. Thus, we use a photolithographic chrome mask with 9000 x 9000 pixels of 2.5 mu m diameter, significantly exceeding the pixel count available from spatial light modulators. The mask is imaged onto photopolymer films of 50 mu m thickness, and Fresnel patterns of up to 23 mm diameter are recorded in one-shot exposures. The resulting lenses range from f/44 -f/79 with diffraction efficiencies up to 83%. The performance of various lens designs is validated by an analysis showing that, for a given Delta n, there is a fundamental trade-off between low f/# and high diffraction efficiency. This highperformance represents an important step toward practical applications, ranging through solar energy concentrators, customized vision optics, integrated photonics, heads-up displays, and hybrid lenses.
In speech recognition and speech synthesis, accurate estimation of the pitch period is an important part of speech processing. The traditional direct peak estimation method and the autocorrelation function method are ...
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Question and Answering (QA) in many collaborative social networks such as Yahoo!-answers, Stack Overflow have attracted copious users to post and transfer knowledge between users. This paper proposes an Adaptive globa...
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This paper presents a comprehensive high impedance fault model for real-time environment. This model offers different types of ground surface and high impedance faults. Experimental results show that it is suitable fo...
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