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International conference on Advances in Space Technologies, ICAST

作者： A Shakoor A. Shehzad M.N. Asghar International Water Management Institute (IWMI) Pakistan

This paper describes the importance and capabilities of modern techniques such as remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) as water resource management and conservation tool. RS/GIS analysis can show where water enters a system and how it leaves through evapotranspiration and runoff. Using this information, planners can identify areas where there is potential for development of new water resources; where water can be reallocated from one use or one basin to another; and identify potential areas of water scarcity before water shortages occur. The main objective of this research is to calculate accurate crop water requirement by using RS/GIS in combination with hydraulic models. The results helped in devising guidelines, which in turn will help the policy makers to release the water supplies based on crop requirement only rather than supply based. Multi temporal satellite images were used to identify various crops and cropping pattern in the area. This study was conducted for the Pehure high level canal (PHLC) and the upper Swat canal (USC) system in the North Western Frontier Province (NWFP) of Pakistan. Crop identification at distributary level was made from multi-temporal remote sensing satellite images. Various image processing techniques such as supervised, unsupervised classification and spectral mixture analysis were used to correctly identify various types of crops in the region and ultimately accurate areas of all the classified crops was calculated from the satellite images. These calculated areas were compared with the seasonal data recorded by the irrigation department. ET was calculated using CROPWAT model at various stages of crop growth. Then water required for each individual crop was calculated. The results are very encouraging. The results of this study can be used while devising guidelines for water managers to release the canal supplies based on crop water requirement This practice will help in avoiding wastage of canal water at

关键词： remote sensing Water resources Resource management Crops Irrigation Geographic Information Systems Satellites Water conservation Guidelines image processing

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Decision fusion strategy for target recognition in hyperspectral images

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 2006年 6394卷

作者： Acito, N. Greco, M. Diani, M. Corsini, G. Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione via G. Caruso 14 56122 Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819464929;9780819464927

Hyperspectral sensors allow a considerable improvement in the performance of a target recognition process to be achieved. This characteristic is particular interesting in a lot of military and civilian remote sensing applications, such as automatic target recognition (ATR) and surveillance of wide areas. In this framework, real time processing of the observed scenario is becoming a key issue, because it permits the operator to provide immediate assessment of the surveyed area. In the literature is presented a line-by-line real time implementation of the widely used Constrained Energy Minimization (CEM) target detector. However, experimental results show that sometimes the CEM filter produces False Alarms (FAs) corresponding to rare objects, whose spectra are angularly very different from the target signature and from the natural background classes in the image. A solution to such a problem is presented in this work: the proposed strategy is based on the decision fusion of the CEM and the SAM algorithms. Only those pixels that pass the CEM-stage are processed by the SAM algorithm. The second stage allows false alarms to be reduced by preserving most of target pixels. The fusion strategy is applied to an experimental hyperspectral data set to recognize a known green target. Detection performance is numerically evaluated and compared to the one of the classical CEM detector.

关键词： pattern recognition

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A Velocity-Separation Difference Model for Car-Following Theory and Simulation Tests

A Velocity-Separation Difference Model for Car-Following The...

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IEEE International conference on Networking, sensing and Control

作者： Zhipeng Li Xiaobo Gong Yuncai Liu Institute of Image Processing Pattern Recognition Shanghai JiaoTong University Shanghai China Department of Control Science and Technology Shanghai JiaoTong University Shanghai China

This paper attempts to introduce a velocity-separation difference model that modifies the previous models in the literature. The improvement of this new model over the previous ones lies in that it performs more realistically than others in the dynamical evolution of congestion. Furthermore, the proposed model is investigated with analytic and numerical method, with the finding that this model can demonstrate some complex physical features observed in real traffic such as the existence of three phases: free flow, coexisting flow, and jam flow; sudden flow drop; traffic hysteresis in transition between the free and the coexisting flow

关键词： Testing Traffic control Telecommunication traffic Road vehicles Mathematical model Intelligent transportation systems Acceleration Hysteresis Computer networks Computational modeling

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Stereo Camera Based Non-Contact Non-Constraining Head Gesture Interface for Electric Wheelchairs

Stereo Camera Based Non-Contact Non-Constraining Head Gestur...

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International conference on pattern recognition

作者： I. Yoda J. Tanaka B. Raytchev K. Sakaue T. Inoue Information Technology Research Institute National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Japan System and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Japan Department Assistive Technology Research Institute National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities Japan

For persons with severe disabilities who find it difficult to operate the joystick or the chin stick of an electric wheelchair, we have developed an interface that allows the wheelchair to be operated by gestures such as head movements. By using a camera to perform visual sensing, we aim to implement a non-contact non-constraining interface where no wires or equipment of any kind have to be attached to the user, thereby making the interface much more convenient to use. Range information obtained from a stereo camera is used to control the electric wheelchair in any situation regardless of whether it is used indoors or outdoors. We are keeping this study user-oriented by performing clinical trials with the help of actual users to determine where the camera should be situated, how it should be used, and so on

关键词： Cameras Wheelchairs Magnetic heads Magnetic sensors Testing Clinical trials Information technology Wires image processing Robustness

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Estimating Geospatial Trajectory of a Moving Camera

Estimating Geospatial Trajectory of a Moving Camera

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International conference on pattern recognition

作者： A. Hakeem R. Vezzani M. Shah R. Cucchiara School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione University of Modena and Reggio Emilia and INFM Modena Italy

This paper proposes a novel method for estimating the geospatial trajectory of a moving camera. The proposed method uses a set of reference images with known GPS (global positioning system) locations to recover the trajectory of a moving camera using geometric constraints. The proposed method has three main steps. First, scale invariant features transform (SIFT) are detected and matched between the reference images and the video frames to calculate a weighted adjacency matrix (WAM) based on the number of SIFT matches. Second, using the estimated WAM, the maximum matching reference image is selected for the current video frame, which is then used to estimate the relative position (rotation and translation) of the video frame using the fundamental matrix constraint. The relative position is recovered up to a scale factor and a triangulation among the video frame and two reference images is performed to resolve the scale ambiguity. Third, an outlier rejection and trajectory smoothing (using b-spline) post processing step is employed. This is because the estimated camera locations may be noisy due to bad point correspondence or degenerate estimates of fundamental matrices. Results of recovering camera trajectory are reported for real sequences

关键词： Cameras Global Positioning System Robot sensing systems Robot vision systems image reconstruction Navigation remotely operated vehicles Mobile robots Cities and towns Robotics and automation

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Robot Position Identification by Actively Localizing Sound Beacons

Robot Position Identification by Actively Localizing Sound B...

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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology conference

作者： Jie Huang Satoshi Ishikawa Michiko Ebana Huakang Li Qunfei Zhao School of computer science and engineering University of Aizu Japan Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiaotong University China

In this paper, we proposed a robot self position identification method by active sound localization. This method can be used for autonomous security robots working in room environments. A system using a AIBO robot equipped with two microphones and wireless network is constructed and is used for position identification experiments. Arrival time differences to the microphones of robot are used as localization cues. To overcome the ambiguity of front-back confusion, a three-head position measurement method was proposed. The robot position can be identified by the intersection of circles restricted by the azimuth differences to different speaker pairs. By localizing three or four speakers as sound beacons positioned on known locations, the robot can identify its self position with an average error of about 7 cm in a 2.5 times 3.0 m 2 working space

关键词： Microphones Loudspeakers Humans Head Azimuth Orbital robotics Mobile robots Humanoid robots image processing Robot sensing systems

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Proceedings of SPIE: image processing and pattern recognition in remote sensing II

Proceedings of SPIE: Image Processing and Pattern Recognitio...

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image processing and pattern recognition in remote sensing II

The proceedings contain 14 papers from the Proceedings of SPIE: image processing and pattern recognition in remote sensing II. The topics discussed include: exploitation of complementary sensors for precise ground-registration of sensed objects;segmentation of LANDSAT TM image using the Markov random field model toward a category classification of higher accuracy;real-time decision making on EO-1 using onboard science analysis;conflation technology in spatial data integration on the Internet;potential of IKONOS images for updating land-use-based map of China through data fusion and integration;and IEEE1394 and entropy reduction techniques as applied to remote sensing spacecraft communication systems.

关键词： remote sensing

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Tracing Manipulation of Deformable Objects using Robot Grippers with Roller Fingertips

Tracing Manipulation of Deformable Objects using Robot Gripp...

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SICE Annual conference

作者： Khairul Salleh Hiroaki Seki Yoshitsugu Kamiya Masatoshi Hikizu Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan

Edge tracing is considered important for deformable object manipulation in order to reveal the original shape of the object, for example during pattern recognition. This paper proposes a unique tracing method for towel spreading which is a deformable object using two robot arms with sensors equipped grippers. Tracing in this paper context involves tracing the towel's edge, with the robot arm movement based on feedback from sensors. Development of special tools for deformable object manipulation is also considered to be important as well and must consider the properties of the deformable objects. This paper also proposes the development of a unique pair of grippers with gear at both the tips for fabric manipulation purposes. The gripper will allow more flexibility towards fabric manipulation. Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of both the method and the grippers

关键词： Grippers Fabrics Gears Robot sensing systems Service robots Shape Manipulators image processing Force sensors Capacitive sensors

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Single landmark based self-localization of mobile robots

Single landmark based self-localization of mobile robots

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Canadian conference on Computer and Robot Vision, CRV

作者： A. Bais R. Sablatnig J. Gu Robotics Research Group Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dalhousie University Halifax Canada Institute of Computer Technology University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria Pattern Recognition and Image Processing Group Institute of Computer Aided Automation University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria

In this paper we discuss landmark based absolute localization of tiny autonomous mobile robots in a known environment. Landmark features are naturally occurring as it is not allowed to modify the environment with special navigational aids. These features are sparse in our application domain and are frequently occluded by other robots. This makes simultaneous acquisition of two or more landmarks difficult. Therefore, we propose a system that requires a single landmark feature. The algorithm is based on range measurement of a single landmark from two arbitrary points whose displacement can be measured using dead-reckoning sensors. Range estimation is done with a stereo vision system. Simulation results show that the robot can localize itself if it can estimates range of the same landmark from two different position and if the displacement between the two position is known.

关键词： Mobile robots Robot sensing systems Robot vision systems Cameras Navigation Position measurement Robotics and automation Displacement measurement Educational robots Goniometers

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空间数据计算模式分析与应用

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地球信息科学 2006年第2期8卷 84-90页

作者：明冬萍骆剑承周成虎沈占锋李均力盛昊中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室北京100101 武汉大学遥感信息工程学院武汉430079

随着传感器和其他数据采集技术的不断进步以及对地观测网络的建设和启动,空间数据的高性能处理和分析成为摆在地学工作者面前的瓶颈。本文以此为出发点,按照不同地学领域(陆地、大气、海洋)的空间数据载体的形态的不同,将空间数据划分... 详细信息

随着传感器和其他数据采集技术的不断进步以及对地观测网络的建设和启动,空间数据的高性能处理和分析成为摆在地学工作者面前的瓶颈。本文以此为出发点,按照不同地学领域(陆地、大气、海洋)的空间数据载体的形态的不同,将空间数据划分为反映固态基质信息的陆地空间数据,反映液态基质信息的陆地水文空间数据,反映液态基质信息的海洋流体空间数据和反映气态基质信息的大气流体空间数据四类,并对每类数据的最小单元问题进行了初步的分析。本文详细阐述了地学空间计算的涵义,并根据计算行为模式及计算的侧重点的不同,将地学计算过程分为深度计算过程与主动计算过程(即“数据→特征→知识”的一般计算过程),并就此进行了阐释。以基于特征的遥感信息提取和目标识别工作为例,对上述理论进行了说明和验证。最后对空间数据计算模式相关问题进行了总结,并对以后的研究做了展望。

关键词：空间数据计算模式基元深度计算主动计算遥感

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