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Sampling, radiometry, and image reconstruction for polar and geostationary meteorological remote sensing systems

Sampling, radiometry, and image reconstruction for polar and...

引用

2nd conference on image reconstruction from incomplete data

作者： Abrams, MC Cain, SC ITT Industries Inc. (United States) Indiana Univ.-Purdue Univ./Fort Wayne (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819445592

In this paper, a Bayesian-based image reconstruction scheme is utilized for estimating a high resolution temperature map of the top of the earth's atmosphere using the GOES-8 (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) imager infrared channels. By simultaneously interpolating the image while estimating temperature, the proposed algorithm achieves a more accurate estimate of the sub-pixel temperatures than could be obtained by performing these operations independently of one another. The proposed algorithm differs from other Bayesian-based image interpolation schemes in that it estimates brightness temperature as opposed to image intensity and incorporates a detailed optical model of the GOES multi-channel imaging system. The temperature estimation scheme is compared to deconvolution via pseudo-inverse filtering using two metrics. One metric is the mean squared temperature error. This metric describes the radiometric accuracy of the image estimate. The second metric is the recovered Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the image estimate. This method has traditionally been used to evaluate the quality of image recovery techniques. It will be shown in this paper that there is an inconsistency between these two metrics in that an image with high spatial frequency content can be reconstructed with poor radiometric, accuracy. The ramifications of this are discussed in order to evaluate the two metrics for use in quantifying the performance of image reconstruction algorithms.

关键词： Imaging systems image restoration reconstruction algorithms Sensors image resolution Modulation transfer functions Radiometry data modeling Satellite imaging Satellites

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Terrain surface modeling from altimetric data

Terrain surface modeling from altimetric data

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IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： Cord, M Belli, T Univ Cergy Pontoise ENSEA Equipe Traitement Images & Signal CNRSUPRES A 8051 Cergy France

ISBN: (纸本)0780376226

This paper presents a method for terrain surface reconstruction from altimetric data. The approach is based on the terrain modeling with a parametric surface. On the assumption that above-ground objects are outliers, M-estimators supply a theoretical framework to obtain a robust estimation of the ground surface parameters from a Digital Elevation Model. Instead of usual M-estimator functions, an asymmetrical weight function is introduced to improve the optimization process. We present results obtained with simulated and real data.

关键词： image reconstruction

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Super-resolution in image restoration of wide area images viewed through atmospheric turbulence

Super-resolution in image restoration of wide area images vi...

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2nd conference on image reconstruction from incomplete data

作者： Lambert, A Fraser, D Jahromi, MRS Hunt, BR Univ New S Wales Univ Coll Kensington NSW 2033 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0819445592

We postulate that under anisoplanatic imaging conditions involving imaging through turbulent media over a wide-area there exists the possibility of spatial frequency content that is normally lost outside the aperture of an imaging instrument under unperturbed viewing conditions, being aliased into the aperture. Simulation is presented that reinforces this premise. We apply restoration algorithms that were designed to correct non-uniform distortions, to a real image sequence to the effect of noticing the de-aliased super-frequency content. We claim this to be super-resolution, and that it is only possible under anisoplanatic imaging scenarios, where the point spread function of the image is position dependent as a result of the atmospheric turbulence.

关键词： wide-area image restoration super-resolution surveillance imaging astronomical imaging

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Fast segmentation method for SAR images

Fast segmentation method for SAR images

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2nd conference on image reconstruction from incomplete data

作者： Bratsolis, E Sigelle, M Ecole Natl Super Telecommun Bretagne Dept Traitement Signal & Images F-75013 Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)0819445592

An iterative optimization algorithm which can be used for speckle reduction and segmentation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is presented here. This method contains as a first step a fast restoration and as a second one the segmentation. We have worked in 3-look simulated and real ERS-1 amplitude images. The iterative filter is based on a membrane model Markov random field (MRF) approximation optimized by a synchronous local iterative method (SLIM). The final form of restoration gives a total sum preserving regularization (TSPR).

关键词： image segmentation speckle reduction restoration Markov random field (MRF) synchronous local iterative method (SLIM) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) total sum preserving regularization (TSPR)

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Deconvolution in line scanners using a-priori information

Deconvolution in line scanners using a-priori information

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2nd conference on image reconstruction from incomplete data

作者： Wirnitzer, B Spraggon-Hernandez, T Univ Appl Sci Mannheim D-68163 Mannheim Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819445592

In a digital camera the MTF of the optical system must comprise a low-pass filter in order to avoid aliasing. The MTF of incoherent imaging usually and in principle is far from an ideal low-pass. Theoretically a digital ARMA-Filter can be used to compensate for this drawback. In praxis such deconvolution filters suffer from instability because of time-variant noise and space-variance of the MTF. In addition in a line scanner the MTF in scan direction slightly differs in each scanned image. Therefore inverse filtering will not operate satisfactory in an unknown environment. A new concept is presented which solves both problems using a-priori information about an object, e.g. that parts of it are known to be binary. This information is enough to achieve a stable space and time-variant ARMA-deconvolution filter. Best results are achieved using non linear filtering and pattern feedback. The new method was used to improve the bit-error-rate (BER) of a high-density matrix-code scanner by more than one order of magnitude. An audio scanner will be demonstrated, which reads 12 seconds of music in CD-quality from an audio coded image of 18mmx55mm size.

关键词： image deconvolution decision feedback non-linear filter two dimensional adaptive filter

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Multi-frame blind deconvolution and bispectrum processing of atmospherically-degraded data: a comparison

Multi-frame blind deconvolution and bispectrum processing of...

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2nd conference on image reconstruction from incomplete data

作者： Matson, CL Schulze, KJ Billings, P Tyler, DW Directed Energy Directorate/Air Force Research Lab. (United States) KJS Consulting (United States) Textron Systems Corp. (United States) Univ. of New Mexico (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819445592

We analyze the quality of reconstructions obtained when using the multi-frame blind deconvolution (MFBD) algorithm and the bispectrum algorithm to reconstruct images from atmospherically-degraded data that are corrupted by detector noise. In particular, the quality of reconstructions is analyzed in terms of the fidelity of the estimated Fourier phase spectra. Both the biases and the mean square phase errors of the Fourier spectra estimates are calculated and analyzed. The reason that the comparison is made by looking at the Fourier phase spectra is because both the MFBD and bispectrum algorithms can estimate Fourier phase information from the image data itself without requiring knowledge of the system transfer function, and because Fourier phase plays a dominant role in image quality. Computer-simulated data is used for the comparison in order to be able to calculate true biases and mean square errors in the estimated Fourier phase spectra. For the parameters in this study, the bispectrum algorithm produced less-biased phase estimates in all cases than the MFBD algorithm. The MFBD algorithm produced mean square phase errors comparable to or lower than the bispectrum algorithm for good seeing and few data frames, while the converse is true for many data frames and poor seeing.

关键词： speckle imaging multi-frame blind deconvolution MFBD bispectrum

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Inverse scattering of strongly scattering targets using redundant data sets

Inverse scattering of strongly scattering targets using redu...

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2nd conference on image reconstruction from incomplete data

作者： Semichaevsky, AV Ghogomu, P Al Ababneh, N Testorf, ME Fiddy, MA Univ Massachusetts Lowell Dept Elect & Comp Engn Lowell MA 01854 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819445592

For weakly scattering permittivities, each measurement of the scattered far field can be interpreted as a sampling point of the Fourier transformation of the object. Furthermore, each sampling point can be accessed by more than one combination of wavelength, propagation direction, and polarization of the incident field. This means, a set of measurements which access the same sampling point can be regarded as being redundant. For strongly scattering objects the Fourier diffraction slice theorem does not apply. We show that measurements which are redundant in the weakly scattering case can be exploited to resolve difficulties associated with imaging of the strongly scattering objects. One dimensional geometries are investigated to estimate the potential redundant data sets offer for addressing the inverse scattering problem of strongly and multiply scattering objects. In addition, we discuss preliminary results for solving 2D imaging problems.

关键词： nonlinear inverse scattering strongly scattering objects multiple scattering polarimetric information diffraction tomography synthetic aperture radar

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Multi-view reconstruction combining underwater and air sensors

Multi-view reconstruction combining underwater and air senso...

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IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： Lavest, JM Guichard, F Rousseau, C Vis IQ Poseidon Technol Inc F-92100 Boulogne France

ISBN: (纸本)0780376226

This article describes an industrial application of a vision based 3D scene reconstruction process. The images are coming from independent cameras whose locations are unknown and which are placed indifferently in two different media (i.e. under-water or in the air). This process is curently used in the Poseidon system (http://***) to realize an automatic CAD model of the swimming pool. Poseidon is the first computer system in the world to help in the prevention of drownings in public swimming pools. We have evalutated the reconstruction accuracy based on synthetic scenes as well as real ones. In case of real data, results are compared with measurements made by a surveyor (with a telemeter) and demonstrate high accuracy in the 3D localization and reconstruction. At last, it proves that computer vision modeling can be efficiently used for real time applications.

关键词： image reconstruction

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Can broad-band image restoration rival speckle restoration?

Can broad-band image restoration rival speckle restoration?

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2nd conference on image reconstruction from incomplete data

作者： Fraser, D Lambert, A Jahromi, MRS Clyde, D Donaldson, N Univ New S Wales Univ Coll Sch Elect Engn Canberra ACT 2600 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0819445592

The restoration of images formed through atmospheric turbulence is usually attempted through operating on a sequence of speckle images. The reason is that high spatial frequencies in each speckle image are effectively retained though reduced in magnitude and distorted in phase. However, speckle imaging requires that the light is quasi-monochromatic. An alternative possibility, discussed here, is to capture a sequence of images through a broadband filter, correct for any local warping due to position-dependent tip-tilt effects, and average over a large number of images. In this preliminary investigation, we simulate several optical transfer functions to compare the signal levels in each case. The investigation followed encouraging results that we obtained recently using a blind-deconvolution approach. The advantages of such a method are that narrow-band filtering is not required, simplifying the equipment and allowing more photons for each short exposure image, while the method lends itself to restoration over fields of view wider than the isoplanatic patch without the need to mosaic. The preliminary conclusions are that, so long as the ratio of the telescope objective diameter, D, to Fried parameter, r(0), is less than about 5, the method may be a simple alternative to speckle imaging.

关键词： digital image restoration speckle restoration blind deconvolution astronomical imaging surveillance imaging atmospheric turbulence optical flow image registration

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A novel method of three-dimensional reconstruction based on the double algebra

A novel method of three-dimensional reconstruction based on ...

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IEEE Region 10 Technical conference on Computers, Communications, Control and Power Engineering

作者： Hu, MX Wen, FR Yuan, BZ Tang, XF No Jiaotong Univ Inst Sci Informat Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0780374908

The double algebra is a system,for computations involving subspace of a general finite dimensional vector space and an effective tool for computation of linear invariants of geometric configurations. In this paper, we address an implicit method of 3D reconstruction based on the double algebra. The invariant of double algebra's form has a simple and explicit expression, which can be computed directly from coordinates of image points and fundamental matrix. The steps to choose basis of projective coordinates are also presented in order to get an accurate result. Experiments with both synthetic data and real images show that our method is more precise and robust to noise.

关键词： image reconstruction algebra matrix algebra three-dimensional reconstruction double algebra general finite dimensional vector space linear invariants geometric configurations 3D reconstruction explicit expression image points fundamental matrix projective coordinates synthetic data real images

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