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GENERATING A 3D HAND MODEL from FRONTAL COLOR AND RANGE SCANS

GENERATING A 3D HAND MODEL FROM FRONTAL COLOR AND RANGE SCAN...

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IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： Muhammad Asad Enguerrand Gentet Rilwan Remilekun Basaru Greg Slabaugh City University London Ecole Normale Suprieure de Cachan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479983407

Realistic 3D modeling of human hand anatomy has a number of important applications, including real-time tracking, pose estimation, and human-computer interaction. However the use of RGB-D sensors to accurately capture the full 3D shape of a hand is limited by self-occlusions, relatively smaller size of the hand and the requirement to capture multiple images. In this paper, we propose a method for generating a detailed, realistic hand model from a single frontal range scan and registered color image. In essence, our method converts this 2.5D data into a fully 3D model. The proposed approach extracts joint locations from the color image using a fingertip and interfinger region detector with a Naive Bayes probabilistic model. Direct correspondence between these joint locations in the range scan and a synthetic hand model are used to perform rigid registration, followed by a thin-plate-spline deformation that non-rigidly registers a synthetic model. This reconstructed model maintains similar geometric properties as the range scan, but also includes the back side of the hand. Experimental results demonstrate the promise of the method to produce detailed and realistic 3D hand geometry.

关键词： Hand model Pose estimation reconstruction Hand pose estimation color image Reconstructive Surgical Procedures three-dimensional displays frontage hand size reconstructions multiple image Color scanning

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image corrections software using emission data only for full and partial ring PET scanners

Image corrections software using emission data only for full...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： M. Béguin v. Commichau J. Flock C. Fuentes A. Lomax S. Makkar K. McNamara M. Oddo J. Prior C. Ritzer D. Weber C. Winterhalter G. Dissertori ETH Zürich Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics Zurich Switzerland PSI Center for Proton Therapy Switzerland CHUV Direction Médicale et Service de Médecine Intensive Lausanne Switzerland Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department CHUV Lausanne Switzerland Radiation Oncology Department University Hospital of BERN and Zurich Bern Switzerland

The PETITION (PET for InTensive Care units and Innovative protON therapy) project has successfully developed two new bedside Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanners for Intensive Care Units (ICU) and proton beam therapy (PBT) applications. While the ICU device is a conventional full ring PET scanner, the PBT system has a U-shape design ensuring a suitable opening for proton *** iterative ordered subset expectation maximisation, including image corrections, is a well-known algorithm for PET image reconstruction. External information is commonly used for scatter and attenuation estimates. While transmission-less method is already used with full ring PET scanners, it is usually not used with partial ring devices. This document presents preliminary results of image reconstruction where scatter and attenuation estimators are fully computed from emission data for both full and partial ring PET scanners.

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Whole body parametric imaging on clinical scanner: Direct 4D reconstruction with simultaneous attenuation estimation and time-dependent normalization

Whole body parametric imaging on clinical scanner: Direct 4D...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： v. Y. Panin H. Bal M. Defrise M. E. Casey N. A. Karakatsanis A. Rahmim Siemens Healthcare Molecular Imaging Knoxville TN USA Department of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital UZ-VUB Brussels Belgium Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai Health System New York NY USA Departments of Radiology and Electrical & Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA

Whole body dynamic PET imaging has the potential to enhance detectability and quantification when assessing disease stage or progress. The same body region is repeatedly scanned within relatively short acquisition frames and with delays between time samples. Repeated scanning is sensitive to patient motion, which may cause mismatches between attenuation and activity maps and thus erroneous correction factors. Moreover, since count rates change with time, standard software correction factors can be time dependent. The generation of parametric images requires proper physiological modeling and has been shown to benefit from so-called direct 4D reconstruction methods. In this work we extend the MLACF/MLAA algorithms for application to dynamic direct reconstruction. Handling time-dependent normalization requires a redesign of the existing algorithm as well. The reconstruction methodology was verified on Siemens mCT scanner patient data using the standard Patlak model. Different number of frames and scan initiation time points were investigated. Initial results showed that direct 4D reconstruction outperformed the indirect approach. Available CT attenuation information can be corrected based on emission data.

关键词： image reconstruction Attenuation Indexes Heuristic algorithms Liver Standards Kinetic theory

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Normalization in 3D PET: comparison of detector efficiencies obtained from uniform planar and cylindrical sources

Normalization in 3D PET: comparison of detector efficiencies...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： T.R. Oakes v. Sossi T.J. Ruth TRIUMF PET Center University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada

The authors have performed a comparison between 3D PET Normalization Factors (NFs) obtained from a uniform planar source and a uniform cylindrical phantom. The NFs have geometric and detector efficiency components. Detector efficiency data were measured using both phantoms. Both efficiency data sets were corrected using geometric factors obtained from a low-scattering planar distribution. NFs derived from 3D planar and 3D cylindrical efficiency data were applied to the sinogram data, yielding axial uniformity indices of 0.78% (2D), 1.71% (3D planar), and 3.40% (3D cylinder), and respective radial uniformity indices of 2.00%, 4.81%, and 4.07%. Correcting the cylinder for scatter prior to calculating the detector efficiencies was found to slightly improve axial uniformity and to slightly degrade radial uniformity. The uniformity obtained from cylinder-derived detector efficiencies is nearly identical to that obtained from plane-source derived efficiencies; the predominant influence on the accuracy of the normalization is the geometric factors used to correct the detector efficiency data.

关键词： Positron emission tomography Detectors Imaging phantoms image reconstruction Geometry Electromagnetic scattering Particle scattering Attenuation measurement

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Deformable tree models for 2D and 3D branching structures extraction

Deformable tree models for 2D and 3D branching structures ex...

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IEEE Computer Society conference on Computer vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops

作者： Julien Mille Laurent D. Cohen CEREMADE CNRS UMR 7534 University Paris

ISBN: (纸本)9781424439942

The proposed model is devoted to the segmentation and reconstruction of branching structures, like vascular trees. We rely on an explicit representation of a deformable tree, where topological relationships between segments are modeled. This allows easy posterior interactions and quantitative analysis, such as measuring diameters or lengths of vessels. Starting from a unique user-provided root point, an initial tree is built with a technique relying on minimal paths. Within the constructed tree, the central curve of each segment and an associated variable radius function evolve in order to satisfy a region homogeneity criterion.

关键词： Deformable models image segmentation data mining Tree data structures Length measurement voting Angiography Computed tomography Retina Pixel

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RADAR IMAGING OF STATIONARY INDOOR TARGETS USING JOINT LOW-RANK AND SPARSITY CONSTRAINTS

RADAR IMAGING OF STATIONARY INDOOR TARGETS USING JOINT LOW-R...

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IEEE International conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

作者： v. H. Tang A. Bouzerdoum S. L. Phung F. H. C. Tivive School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479999897

This paper introduces a joint low-rank and sparsity-based model to address the problem of wall-clutter mitigation in compressed through-the-wall radar imaging. The proposed model is motivated by two observations that wall reflections reside in a low-rank subspace, and target signals tend to be sparse. In the proposed approach, the task of segregating target returns from wall reflections is formulated as a joint low-rank and sparsity constrained optimization problem. Here, the low rank constraint is imposed on the wall component and the sparsity constraint is used to model the target component. An iterative soft thresholding algorithm is developed to estimate a low-rank matrix of wall clutter and a sparse matrix of target reflections from a reduced measurement set. Once the wall and target components are estimated, the target signals are used for scene reconstruction. Experimental evaluation was conducted using real radar data. The results show that the proposed model is very effective at removing wall clutter and reconstructing the image of behind-the-wall targets from reduced measurements.

关键词： Through-the-wall radar imaging wall clutter mitigation compressed sensing low-rank matrix recovery sparse reconstruction

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ARTIFACT REDUCTION OF COMPRESSED vIDEO vIA THREE-DIMENSIONAL ADAPTIvE ESTIMATION OF TRANSFORM COEFFICIENTS

ARTIFACT REDUCTION OF COMPRESSED VIDEO VIA THREE-DIMENSIONAL...

引用

IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： Xinfeng Zhang Ruiqin Xiong Siwei Ma Wen Gao Key Lab. of Intell. Inf. Process. Inst. of Comput. Technol. Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479957521

Block transform compressed videos usually suffer from annoying artifacts at low bit rates, caused by the coarse quantization of transform coefficients. The inter prediction utilized in video coding also induces block boundary artifacts when the neighboring blocks using different motion vectors from previous decoded frames. In this paper, a three-dimensional adaptive estimation method for video transform coefficients is proposed to reduce the artifact in compressed video. In the proposed method, transform coefficients of each block are estimated by adaptively fusing three prediction sources based on their reliabilities. One prediction source is the transform coefficients directly acquired from the decoded video, whose reliability is determined by the distribution of the quantization noise. The other prediction source is derived by a temporal autoregressive model of transform-blocks along motion trajectory among neighboring reference frames. Its reliability is estimated from prediction variance of local blocks. The last prediction source is derived from the nonlocal transform-blocks, whose reliability is estimated based on the distribution of the nonlocal coefficients and their similarity with the estimated block. Experimental results for compressed video sequences by HEvC show that, the proposed method can reduce the compression artifacts and improve both the objective and subjective quality.

关键词： autoregressive processes data compression image motion analysis image sequences transforms vectors video coding HEvC artifact reduction block boundary artifacts local blocks motion trajectory motion vectors neighboring reference frames nonlocal transform-blocks objective quality prediction source prediction variance quantization noise subjective quality temporal autoregressive model three-dimensional adaptive estimation video compression video sequences Adaptive estimation image coding image reconstruction Predictive models Quantization (signal) Reliability Transforms compression artifacts denoising post-processing

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A Clutter Reduction Technique for Microwave reconstruction of Shallow Underground Targets

A Clutter Reduction Technique for Microwave Reconstruction o...

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The Second European conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2007

作者： v.A. Mikhnev P. vainikainen Institute of Applied Physics Belarus SMARAD/Radio Laboratory Helsinki University of Technology Finland

This paper presents a signal pre-processing technique for the stepped-frequency ground penetrating radar that is aimed at suppressing clutter related to antenna effects and variation of the ground surface response. Both the ground bounce and the clutter can obscure shallow underground objects such as landmines making difficult their detection. At the preprocessing stage, the measurement system has been calibrated using a free space and metal sheet as standards. Both the modulus and the phase of the signal obtained for metal sheet have been approximated by polynomials, and this synthetic signal is used to derive approximate transfer functions of the antenna. This technique utilizes calibration measurement for only one position of the metal sheet and yet reduces clutter related to the antenna effects. Besides, the calibration simplifies further subtraction of the ground surface response. The 2-D image of the subsurface is built then using B-scan data from which the ground bounce is eliminated. The performance of the method is demonstrated in several examples employing the frequency-domain data collected by a transmitting-receiving antenna pair.

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Position reconstruction in a dual phase xenon scintillation detector

Position reconstruction in a dual phase xenon scintillation ...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： v.N. Solovov v.A. Belov D.Yu. Akimov H.M. Araójo E.J. Barnes A.A. Burenkov v. Chepel A. Currie L. Deviveiros B. Edwards C. Ghag A. Hollingsworth M. Horn G.E. Kalmus A.S. Kobyakin A.G. Kovalenko v.N. Lebedenko A. Lindote M.I. Lopes R. Lüscher P. Majewski A.St J. Murphy F. Neves S.M. Paling J. Pinto da Cunha R. Preece J.J. Quenby L. Reichhart P.R. Scovell C. Silva N.J.T. Smith P.F. Smith v.N. Stekhanov T.J. Sumner C. Thorne R.J. Walker LIP-Coimbra & Department of Physics of the University of Coimbra Portugal Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics Moscow Russia Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London UK School of Physics & Astronomy University of Edinburgh UK Particle Physics Department STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton UK

We studied the application of statistical reconstruction algorithms, namely maximum likelihood and least squares methods, to the problem of event reconstruction in a dual phase liquid xenon detector. An iterative method was developed for in-situ reconstruction of the PMT light response functions from calibration data taken with an uncollimated γ-ray source. Using the techniques described, the performance of the ZEPLIN-III dark matter detector was studied for 122 kev γ-rays. For the inner part of the detector (R

关键词： image resolution Tv Robustness image reconstruction

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Towards Full-body Small Aquatic Animal PET: a Simulation Study of MERMAID-v2

Towards Full-body Small Aquatic Animal PET: a Simulation Stu...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： H.P. vo S. Seeger J. Werner M. Rafecas Institute of Medical Engineering Universität zu Lübeck Lübeck Schleswig-Holstein Germany

The MERMAID (Multi-Emission Radioisotopes-Marine Animal Imaging Device) project aims to make positron emission tomography (PET) for small aquatic animals available, particularly for biomedical research with zebrafish. One limitation of the current prototype, MERMAID-v1, is the lack of depth-of-interaction (DOI) information and the need for module rotation. We are using Monte-Carlo simulation to implement a step-by-step system upgrade towards a cost-effective full-body small animal PET solution. For MERMAID-v2, the next upgrade, we are considering adding two more modules, different from the existing ones. The new modules should provide DOI, extend the axial field-of-view, and reduce the number of rotation steps. This hybrid configuration, unique in its kind, poses several challenges for simulation and reconstruction. We have addressed these challenges through a dedicated reconstruction based on the List-mode Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization (LM-MLEM) algorithm with multiray random sampling. The system model also takes into account the geometric efficiency of each detector type and was validated using Monte-Carlo simulated data. The reconstructed images of a simulated modified NEMA-NU4 2004 image quality phantom demonstrate significant improvements in spatial resolution, uniformity, and contrast. Despite only two of the six modules of MERMAID-v2 providing DOI information, the new configuration seems to be capable of achieving sub-millimeter resolution and resolving the shrinkage problem induced by parallax errors. The next steps include the simulation of a fish-like phantom, a more comprehensive image quality assessment, improving the reconstruction, and implementing axial detector motion.

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