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Hybrid-Layer data storage with High-Orthogonality Random Meta-Channels

Engineering 2025年第2期45卷 79-87页

作者： Dong Zhao Hongkun Lian Xueliang Kang Kun Huang Department of Optics and Optical Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Electrical and Information Engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan 750021China

optical data storage(ODS)is a low-cost and high-durability counterpart of traditional electronic or mag-netic *** a means of enhancing ODS capacity,the multiple recording layer(MRL)method is more promising than other approaches such as reducing the recording volume and multiplexing ***,the architecture of current MRLs is identical to that of recording data into physical layers with rigid space,which leads to either severe interlayer crosstalk or finite recording layers constrained by the short working distances of the ***,we propose the concept of hybrid-layer ODS,which can record optical information into a physical layer and multiple virtual layers by using high-orthogonality random *** the virtual layer,32 images are experimentally reconstructed through holog-raphy,where their holographic phases are encoded into 16 printed images and complementary images in the physical layer,yielding a capacity of 2.5 Tbit cm^(-3).A higher capacity is achievable with more virtual layers,suggesting hybrid-layer ODS as a possible candidate for next-generation ODS.

关键词： optical data storage Metasurfaces High-orthogonality meta-channels Physical layer Virtual layer

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Investigating the properties of cubic and hexagonal Nd2O3 nanoparticles for optics & energy storage material: Experimental and DFT approach

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SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS 2025年 397卷

作者： Saleem, Muhammad Haider Ali, Shaista Farrukh, Muhammad Akhyar Gillani, Syed Sajid Ali Govt Coll & Univ Lahore Ghani Glass Ltd 3 Lahore Pakistan Govt Coll & Univ Lahore Katchery Rd Lahore Pakistan Univ Cent Punjab Dept Basic & Appl Chem Lahore Pakistan

Nd2O3 is thermally stable at high temperatures which open up its wide applications such as in optics and energy storage material. In this paper, a novel solution combustion method is used for the synthesis of Nd2O3 nano- particles with high direct band gap 5.7 (eV) calculated using wood-Tauc relation can act as the perfect inert material. FTIR confirms the characteristic Nd-O peak at the 660 cm(-1) and ED-XRF indicates the 99.5 % pure Nd2O3, while the particle size of less than <100 nm was confirmed by zeta potential in both crystalline structures. SEM analysis indicates the amorphous morphology and XRD confirmed cuboid shape crystalite structure at 600 degrees C with a crystallite size of 4.22 nm and hexagonal at 900 degrees C with crystallite size of 5.22 nm. Cyclic voltammetry confirms faradaic behavior in both structures of Nd2O3. The DFT analysis gave us information about their electronic band structure along with the density of states & optical properties which is close to the experimental and reported data that helps to predict their properties in different crystalline structures with high optical dielectric constants for Cubic structure & high electron density in Hexagonal structure.

关键词： Rare-earth metals Solution combustion method DFT Rietveld refinement optical properties Rare-earth metals Solution combustion method Cubic & hexagonal structure DFT Rietveld refinement optical properties

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Topological structure synthesized by three-dimensional spin angular momentum of light

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optics EXPRESS 2025年第4期33卷 6709-6716页

作者： Cai, Zizhe Tang, Yiyi Zhang, Fujun Zhang, Youmin Meng, Xindong Wan, Chenhao Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Opt & Elect Informat Wuhan 430074 Hubei Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Wuhan Natl Lab Optoelect Wuhan 430074 Hubei Peoples R China

Hopf links are important topological structures found in a range of disciplines. They represent the projection of higher-dimensional objects to three-dimensional (3D) physical space. optical Hopf fibration texture has been demonstrated by synthesizing the transverse states of polarization and the phase. In this work, we demonstrate synthesizing Hopf links by 3D spin angular momentum (SAM) through tight focusing complex optical fields with a 4Pi confocal optical system. The focal volume under tight focusing provides a platform for manipulating the nonnegligible z-component of the electric field and thus the 3D states of polarization. Hopf links that consist of two and three disjoint and linked circles are shown as examples. Since Hopf links are topological objects that are projected from higher-dimensions, they may find applications in high-dimensional optical data storage and encryption or be exploited as information carriers.

关键词： Liquid crystals optical data storage optical fields optical systems Phase Polarization

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Spatial momentum separation for optical vortex via phase-assembled metasurfaces

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optics COMMUNICATIONS 2025年 574卷

作者： He, Kai Li, Jing Pei, Li Zheng, Jingjing Hu, Zhouyi Wang, Jianshuai Bai, Bing Ning, Tigang Beijing Jiaotong Univ Inst Lightwave Technol Key Lab All Opt Network & Adv Telecommun Network E Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

Expanding the spatial degrees of freedom is regarded to be the most innovative and effective solution for optical vortex encoding/decoding technology. A phase-assembled metasurface is proposed here to separate the momentum of the optical vortex into different spatial locations, and the incident high-order optical vortex is encoded in 18 channels. By combining both the propagation phase and the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase, the fundamental Gaussian mode (solid spot) positions and other higher-order orbital angular momentum modes (hollow mode spots) positions at different channels are used to achieve the encryption of all-optical information. The scheme of grouping the mode spots on different channels into solid and hollow points greatly reduces the difficulty of encoding/decoding a high-order optical vortex. In this way, the combination of 2 incident high-order optical vortexes can represent 256 hexadecimal numbers from 00 to FF. We envision this work will open avenues for information encryption, multidimensional data storage, wavefront manipulation, and advanced orbital angular momentum detection technologies.

关键词： Momentum separation Metasurface optical vortex All-optical information encryption

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Liquid crystal-based image holography with broadband response and polarization insensitivity

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optics LETTERS 2025年第2期50卷 407-410页

作者： Hu, Dongyu Zhang, Zhiyao Xie, Zefang Chen, Xuan Lin, Chen Yu, Qianqian Li, Gongfa Li, Zile Zhang, Shunping Zheng, Guoxing Wuhan Univ Elect Informat Sch Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Sch Microelect Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China Peng Cheng Lab Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Sch Phys Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol Key Lab Met Equipment & Control Technol Minist Educ Wuhan 430081 Peoples R China Wuhan Inst Quantum Technol Wuhan 430206 Peoples R China

We propose and experimentally demonstrate liquid crystal- based computer-generated image holography enabled by the Pancharatnam-Berry phase modulation. Such a device exhibits distinctive properties, such as natural light illumination, polarization insensitivity, broadband optical response, high polarization conversion efficiency, and direct visibility to the naked eye. These unique attributes make this type of image holography a promising avenue for applications in optical information storage, anti-counterfeiting, and advanced information displays. (c) 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Berry phase Image metrics optical data storage optical filters optical systems Phase modulation

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Deep-learning-enhanced nonlinear holography in 3D nonlinear photonic crystal

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JOURNAL OF THE optical SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-optics IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION 2025年第3期42卷 A1-A6页

作者： Zhai, Bohan Chen, Pengcheng Zhang, Zhichao Zhang, Yong Nanjing Univ Coll Engn & Appl Sci Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Sch Phys Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Microstruct Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China

Nonlinear holography in 3D nonlinear photonic crystals (NPCs) is capable of reconstructing multiple images at newly generated wavelengths, which has attracted increasing interest in optical storage and encryption. However, the storage capacity of nonlinear holography is generally limited by the crosstalk between different channels. In this work, we propose deep-learning-assisted high-capacity nonlinear holography to address this issue. By leveraging the exceptional recognition capability of the ResNet-18 convolutional neural network, the information at multiple channels can be well recognized (i.e., the accuracy reaches 88.1%) in the presence of severe crosstalk (i.e., a bandwidth overlap of 30% between neighboring channels). Importantly, the channel number is doubled in comparison to the previous reports. Our results provide a novel approach to bypass the negative effect of crosstalk for high-security and high-density optical information storage. (c) 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Femtosecond lasers Neural networks Nonlinear photonic crystals optical encryption Parametric down conversion Sum frequency generation

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optical fiber tag based on ultra-low-loss encoded fiber cladding grating arrays

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optics EXPRESS 2025年第5期33卷 11442-11451页

作者： Guan, Jiajun Bao, Weijia Fan, Yu Liao, Changrui Liu, Dejun Wang, Ying Fu, Cailing Wang, Yiping Shenzhen Univ Coll Phys & Optoelect Engn Shenzhen Key Lab Ultrafast Laser Micro Nano Mfg Key Lab Optoelect Devices & SystMinist Educ& Guan Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Guangdong & Hong Kong Joint Res Ctr Opt Fiber Sens Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China

optical fibers are commonly employed in telecommunications for transmitting data. However, it is difficult to distinguish optical conduits from one another when servicing data transmission cables due to the large number of optical fibers and optical cables. Conventional methods of physically marking fibers are cumbersome, and the label information is accessible to any potential user. In this work, we propose and demonstrate an encrypted optical fiber tag based on an ultra-low-loss encoded cladding-type fiber Bragg grating (cladding-FBG) array. Using the femtosecond laser point-by-point (PBP) technique, binary data sequences are successfully embedded into the different positions of the optical fiber cladding in the form of Bragg gratings. The cladding-FBGs redistribute light within the cladding, enabling information retrieval via backscattered signals while having minimal impact on the core light transmission. Consequently, the insertion loss of a single encoded cladding grating is suppressed to an exceptionally low level of just 0.00155 dB, which is favorable for optical communication. The data capacity and security of the tag can be enhanced by optimizing the parameters of cladding-FBGs, such as grating periods and spatial distributions. Therefore, the proposed low-loss optical fiber tag presents significant potential for integration into network systems for optical network link identification and data storage.

关键词： Femtosecond lasers Light transmission optical fibers optical networks optical systems Ultrafast lasers

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Higher-order Poincare sphere multiplexed metasurface holography for optical information encryption

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optics AND LASER TECHNOLOGY 2025年 180卷

作者： He, Hairong Peng, Meiyu Cao, Guangtao Li, Yanbei Liu, Hui Yang, Hui Hunan Normal Univ Sch Phys & Elect Changsha 410081 Peoples R China Coll Hunan Prov Key Lab Phys & Devices Postmoore Era Changsha 410081 Peoples R China Changsha Univ Sci & Technol Sch Phys & Elect Sci Changsha 410004 Peoples R China

Metasurface-enabled holography holds vital applications in various fields such as optical display, optical data storage, and optical encryption. Despite the rapid development of multiplexed metaholograms through exploiting different physical dimensions of photons such as polarization, amplitude, wavelength, and angular momentum, the multiplexing channel is approaching its limit due to the almost exhausted existing physical dimensions of photons. Here we demonstrate the higher-order Poincare sphere (HOPS)-multiplexed holography by exploiting vector beam on the HOPS as a new physical dimension for holographic multiplexing. The underlying mechanism relies on independent control of phase shifts in two spin eigenstates to modulate the vector beam induced fields. As proof of concept, we demonstrate a meta-hologram with four multiplexing channels that exhibit independent holographic images when the incident beams are on the-2nd order,-1st order, 1st order and 2nd order HOPS, respectively. Moreover, leveraging the unique characteristic of HOPS-multiplexed holography, high-security optical anti-counterfeiting and information encryption have been demonstrated as well. Our work harnesses the previously inaccessible vector beams as independent information carries for holographic multiplexing, promising to potential applications in optical display and optical encryption.

关键词： HOPS-multiplexed holography Metasurface Vector beam Polarization optical encryption

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Interplay of polarization sensitivity and bandwidth in wide-field-of-view meta-optics

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optical MATERIALS EXPRESS 2025年第4期15卷 816-827页

作者： Javed, Isma Rind, Yousaf Murtaza Satti, Azhar Javed Naveed, Muhammad Ashar Danailov, Miltcho Cabrera, Humberto Zubair, Muhammad Mehmood, Muhammad Qasim Informat Technol Univ Punjab ITU Dept Elect Engn Lahore 54000 Pakistan Informat Technol Univ Punjab ITU SZCU ITU Joint Int MetaCenter Adv Photon & Elect Lahore 54000 Pakistan COMSATS Univ Islamabad Dept Elect Engn Abbottabad Campus Islamabad 22060 Pakistan Univ Nebraska Lincoln Dept Elect & Comp Engn Lincoln NE 68588 USA Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCp A Str Statale 14 Km 163 I-34149 Trieste Italy Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys STI Unit MLab I-34151 Trieste Italy

Metasurfaces-based optics have emerged as a promising next-generation design platform for novel optical and computational paradigms poised to disrupt information and communication technologies. Among the various applications of metasurfaces, imaging has become a key focus in optics due to its potential to address diverse requirements in fields like microscopy, surveillance, and data storage. Metasurface-based imaging offers a compact and efficient alternative for high-performance optical systems, drawing multidisciplinary interest across technology and research sectors. Polarization-insensitive broadband wide field of view (WFOV) design presents an important combination of characteristics enabling advanced microscopy and general-purpose imaging. Although designs addressing individual characteristics exist, a cohesive approach is lacking. This article presents broadband, polarization-insensitive WFOV metasurface operating in the ultraviolet (UV) range with a high numerical aperture (NA). Simple anisotropic rectangular bars of hafnium oxide (HfO2) on a glass substrate are optimized to produce consistent outputs across all incident polarizations. The proposed design strategy is validated through extensive simulations, ensuring the device's high performance. The unique design features of high NA, simplicity, and broadband polarization independence offer promising applications in holography, imaging, augmented reality/virtual reality, displays, and microscopy. (c) 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Imaging systems Long infrared Material properties optical components optical systems Systems design

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Orthogonal polarization interference with vertical S and horizontal P waves in TI/PMMA cationic photopolymers

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optics EXPRESS 2025年第6期33卷 12809-12824页

作者： Song, Feiyang Wang, Peiyao Ouyang, Jingru Liu, Peng Sichuan Normal Univ Coll Phys & Elect Engn Chengdu 610101 Peoples R China

Volume holographic storage with orthogonal polarization interference effectively enhances the capacity and flexibility of data access. In this study, we fabricated a novel type of which is sensitive to the polarization state of the optical transmitted field. Using interference coupling equipment with two orthogonal linearly polarized beams (S and P waves), we investigated the diffraction characteristics of polarization holography within TI/PMMA polymers. The ratios of the S and P components of the diffracted beam were examined using a polarized beam splitter (PBS). The maximum diffraction efficiency of 74.1% was achieved in 1 mm thick TI/PMMA polymers with an exposure power of 10 mW, while an optimized response time of 16 s was obtained with an exposure power of 30 mW. The polarization conversion ratios (PCR) of the diffraction were over 96% with different sample thicknesses (1-3 mm) and exposure densities (10-30 mW). Therefore, TI/PMMA polymer, as a potential recording medium, can retain the polarization information of wavefronts through polarization holographic recordings. Our research provides diversified application prospects for the development of volume holographic storage.

关键词： Beam splitters Diffraction efficiency Diffraction limit Holographic gratings optical fields Vector beams

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