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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXVIII: Algorithms and Techniques"

共 375 条记录，以下是231-240 订阅

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Omni-vision based autonomous mobile robotic platform

Omni-vision based autonomous mobile robotic platform

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Cao, ZL Hu, J Cao, J Hall, EL Tianjin Univ Technol Tianjin Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)081944300X

As a Laboratory demonstration platform, TUT-I mobile robot provides various experimentation modules to demonstrate the robotics technologies that are involved in remote control, computer programming, teach-and-playback operations. Typically, the teach-and-playback operation has been proved to be an effective solution especially in structured environments. The path generated in the teach mode and path correction in real-time using path error detecting in the playback mode are demonstrated. The vision-based image database is generated as the given path representation in the teaching procedure. The algorithm of an online image positioning is performed for path following. Advanced sensory capability is employed to provide environment perception. A unique omni directional vision (omni-vision) system is used for localization and navigation. The omni directional vision involves an extremely wide-angle lens, which has the feature that a dynamic omni-vision image is processed in real time to respond the widest view during the movement The beacon guidance is realized by observing locations of points derived from over-head features such as predefined light arrays in a building. The navigation approach is based upon the omni-vision characteristics. A group of ultrasonic sensors is employed for obstacle avoidance.

关键词： mobile robot omni directional vision navigation teach-and-playback image database

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Active video flow control technique based on spatio-temporal segmentation of video sequences

Active video flow control technique based on spatio-temporal...

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Urdiales, C Bandera, A Rodríguez, JA Sandoval, F Univ Malaga ETSI Telecomun Dpto Tecnol Elect E-29071 Malaga Spain

ISBN: (纸本)081944300X

This paper presents a control mechanism for video compression and transmission that relies on spatio-temporal image segmentation and non-uniform resolution representation. In the proposed scheme, a linked pyramid structure(1). is built over each frame. Therefore, the video sequence is processed as a 3D data batch instead of a series of 2D images. The spatio-temporal segmentation is based on the adaptive link principle(1,2). The set of link defined between nodes of a single pyramid structure is extended to consecutive pyramids. According to the adaptive link principle, links between consecutive pyramids axe rearranged so that a given node at a pyramid is linked to an homogeneous region of pixels at its base, but also to an homogeneous region of pixels at the base of the previous pyramid. Hence, resulting regions axe coherent in time but also in space and any region may be extracted and tracked through the sequence by following the link structure. Then, if we assume that the Most important regions of the frames are typically those changing more often, they can be represented at high resolution, while the least important regions can be represented at low resolution. This operation allows a severe data volume reduction when transmitting the video signal Besides, regions presenting few changes from frame to frame do not need to be transmitted as often as moving areas because they will be very similar during a few frames.

关键词： active vision non-uniform resolution images spatio-temporal segmentation video transmission

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Robotic automation for space: planetary surface exploration, terrain-adaptive mobility, and multi-robot cooperative tasks

Robotic automation for space: planetary surface exploration,...

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Schenker, PS Huntsberger, TL Pirjanian, P Baumgartner, E Aghazarian, H Trebi-Ollennu, A Leger, PC Cheng, Y Backes, PG Tunstel, EW Dubowsky, S Iagnemma, K McKee, GT MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081944300X

During the last decade, there has been significant progress toward a supervised autonomous robotic capability for remotely controlled scientific exploration of planetary surfaces. While planetary exploration potentially encompasses many elements ranging from orbital remote sensing to subsurface drilling, the surface robotics element is particularly important to advancing in situ science objectives. Surface activities include a direct characterization of geology, mineralogy, atmosphere and other descriptors of current and historical planetary processes-and ultimately-the return of pristine samples to Earth for detailed analysis. Toward these ends, we have conducted a broad program of research on robotic systems for scientific exploration of the Mars surface, with minimal remote intervention. The goal is to enable high productivity semi-autonomous science operations where available mission time is concentrated on robotic operations, rather than up-and-down-link delays. Results of our work include prototypes for landed manipulators, long-ranging science rovers, sampling/sample return mobility systems, and more recently, terrain-adaptive reconfigurable/modular robots and closely cooperating multiple rover systems. The last of these are intended to facilitate deployment of planetary robotic outposts for an eventual human-robot sustained scientific presence. We overview our progress in these related areas of planetary robotics R&D, spanning 1995-to-present.

关键词： mobile robots mobile manipulators robot architectures robot control intelligent control machine vision sensor fusion modular robots Mars exploration NASA robotics

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Real-time robot learning

Real-time robot learning

引用

IEEE International conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： B. Bhanu P. Leang C. Cowden Y. Lin M. Patterson Center for Research in Intelligent Systems University of California Riverside CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780365763

This paper presents the design, implementation and testing of a real-time system using computer vision and machine learning techniques to demonstrate learning behavior in a miniature mobile robot. The miniature robot, through environmental sensing, learns to navigate a maze choosing the optimum route. Several reinforcement learning based algorithms, such as the Q-learning, Q(/spl lambda/)-learning, fast online Q(/spl lambda/)-learning and DYNA structure, are considered. Experimental results based on simulation and an integrated real-time system are presented for varying density of obstacles in a 15/spl times/15 maze.

关键词： Robot vision systems Robot sensing systems Real time systems Machine learning Cameras Orbital robotics Robot kinematics intelligent robots Learning systems Navigation

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Diffractive 3D phase gratings will qualify optical sensors and image processing technologies for reaching performances of human vision

Diffractive 3D phase gratings will qualify optical sensors a...

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XIX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Lauinger, N CORRSYS DATRON Sensorsyst GMBH D-35578 Wetzlar Germany

Diffractive 2D and 3D grating optics as enabling technologies are on a good way to technically realize specific features well known in human vision. How does the human eye do its job in visual information processing?

ISBN: (纸本)0819438626

关键词： Diffraction gratings 3D image processing Diffraction RGB color model Human vision and color perception Eye 3D vision Cones Visualization Retina

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Knowledge representation and knowledge module structure for uncalibrated vision-guided robots

Knowledge representation and knowledge module structure for ...

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XIX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Nguyen, MC Bui, DT Bundeswehr Univ Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819438626

A new concept for knowledge representation and structure of the knowledge module for vision-guided robots is introduced. It allows the robot to acquire, accumulate and adapt automatically whatever knowledge it may need and to gain experience in the course of its normal operation, i.e., learning by doing, thus, to improve its skills and operating speed over time. The knowledge module is structured into a set of a fairly independent submodules each performing a limited task, and sub-knowledge bases each contains limited knowledge. Such a structure allows to use the acquired knowledge flexibly and efficiently. It makes also easily to extend the knowledge base when the robot's number of degrees of freedom that must be controlled increases. The concept was realized and evaluated in real-world experiments on an uncalibrated vision-guided 5-DOF manipulator to grasp a variety of differently shaped objects.

关键词： calibration-free vision-guided robots knowledge representation knowledge-based systems robot control uncalibrated vision-guided robots

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intelligent robot trends and predictions for the first year of the new millennium

Intelligent robot trends and predictions for the first year ...

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XIX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Hall, EL Univ Cincinnati Ctr Robot Res Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819438626

An intelligent robot is a remarkably useful combination of a manipulator, sensors and controls. The current use of these machines in outer space, medicine, hazardous materials, defense applications and industry is being pursued with vigor. In factory automation, industrial robots can improve productivity, increase product quality and improve competitiveness. The computer and the robot have both been developed during recent times. The intelligent robot combines both technologies and requires a thorough understanding and knowledge of mechatronics. Today's robotic machines are faster, cheaper, more repeatable, more reliable and safer than ever. The knowledge base of inverse kinematic and dynamic solutions and intelligent controls is increasing. More attention is being given by industry to robots, vision and motion controls. New areas of usage are emerging for service robots, remote manipulators and automated guided vehicles. Economically, the robotics industry now has more than a billion-dollar market in the U.S. and is growing. Feasibility studies show decreasing costs for robots and unaudited healthy rates of return for a variety of robotic applications. However, the road from inspiration to successful application can be long and difficult, often taking decades to achieve a new product. A greater emphasis on mechatronics is needed in our universities. Certainly, more cooperation between government, industry and universities is needed to speed the development of intelligent robots that will benefit industry and society. The fearful robot stories may help us prevent future disaster. The inspirational robot ideas may inspire the scientists of tomorrow. However, the intelligent robot ideas, which can be reduced to practice, will change the world.

关键词： intelligenr robots mechatronics industrial robots artificial intelligence

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Video flow active control by means of adaptive shifted foveal geometries

Video flow active control by means of adaptive shifted fovea...

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XIX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Urdiales, C Rodríguez, JA Bandera, A Sandoval, F Univ Malaga ETSI Telecommun Dept Elect Technol E-29071 Malaga Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0819438626

This paper presents a control mechanism for video transmission that relies on transmitting non-uniform resolution images depending on the delay of the communication channel. These images are built in an active way to keep the areas of interest of the image at the highest resolution available. In order to shift the area of high resolution over the image and to achieve a data structure easy to process by using conventional algorithms, a shifted fovea multiresolution geometry of adaptive size is used. Besides, if delays are nevertheless too high, the different areas of resolution of the image can be transmitted at different rates. A functional system has been developed for corridor surveillance with static cameras. Tests with real video images have proven that the method allows an almost constant rate of images per second as long as the channel is not collapsed.

关键词： active vision foveal images control flow motion detection

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computer vision system for an autonomous mobile robot

Computer vision system for an autonomous mobile robot

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XIX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Liao, XQ Cao, J Cao, M Samu, T Hall, E Univ Cincinnati Ctr Robot Res Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819438626

The purpose of this paper is to compare three methods for three-dimensional measurements of line position used for the vision guidance to navigate an autonomous mobile robot. A model is first developed to map three dimensional ground points into image points to be developed using homogeneous coordinates. Then using the ground plane constraint, the inverse transformation that maps image points into three dimensional ground points is determined. And then the system identification problem is solved using a calibration device. Calibration data is used to determine the model parameters by minimizing the mean square error between model and calibration points. A novel simplification is then presented which provides surprisingly accurate results. This method is called the magic matrix approach and uses only the calibration data. A more standard variation of this approach is also considered. The significance of this work is that it shows that three methods that are based on three-dimensional measurements may be used for mobile robot navigation and that a simple method can achieve accuracy to a fraction of an inch which is sufficient in some applications.

关键词： autonomous mobile robot calibration navigation magic matrix

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Examples of design and achievement of vision Systems for mobile robotics applications

Examples of design and achievement of Vision Systems for mob...

引用

conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XIX: algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Bonnin, PJ Cabaret, L Raulet, L Hugel, V Blazevic, P M'Sirdi, NK Coiffet, P Lab Robot Paris F-78140 Velizy France

ISBN: (纸本)0819438626

Our goal is to design and to achieve a multiple purpose vision system for various robotics applications :wheeled robots (like cars for autonomous driving), legged robots (six, four (SONY's AIBO) legged robots, and humanoid), flying robots (to inspect bridges for example) in various conditions: indoor or outdoor. Considering that the constraints depend on the application, we propose an edge segmentation implemented either in software, or in hardware using CPLDs (ASICs or FPGAs could be used too). After discussing the criteria of our choice, we propose a chain of image processing operators constituting an edge segmentation. Although this chain is quite simple and very fast to perform, results appear satisfactory, We proposed a software implementation of it. Its temporal optimization is based on : its implementation under the pixel data flow programming model, the gathering of local processing when it is possible, the simplification of computations, and the use of fast access data structures. Then, we describe a first dedicated hardware implementation of the first part, which requires 9 CPLS in this low cost version. It is technically possible, but more expensive, to implement these algorithms using only a single FPGA.

关键词： vision systems robots controlled by vision hardware implementation of vision algorithms

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