This work's goal is the enhancement of first aid measures directly after car accidents by calling suited first aiders via Car-to-Car (C2C) communication and to assist them providing detailed multimedia support ins...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
This work's goal is the enhancement of first aid measures directly after car accidents by calling suited first aiders via Car-to-Car (C2C) communication and to assist them providing detailed multimedia support instructions. Our concept combines upcoming C2C communication technologies with established technology, in particular GPS and GSM. After a collision, the proposed FirstAidAssistanceSystem (FAAS) sends a broadcast message using C2C technology according to the IEEE 802.11p standard. All nearby cars (as potential first aiders) are located and at least one nearest candidate (we suggest 3-5) driving towards the accident scene is chosen and notified as first aider. A support guide on his multipurpose display (e. g. the navigation system) provides first aiders with detailed instructions and illustrative tutorials. The paper presents our concept in detail with a discussion of practical evaluation criteria and an introduction of a first test implementation.
The purpose of this paper aims to promote the application of fish-eye lens. Accurate parameters calibration and effective distortion rectification of an imaging device is of utmost importance in machine vision. Fish-e...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
The purpose of this paper aims to promote the application of fish-eye lens. Accurate parameters calibration and effective distortion rectification of an imaging device is of utmost importance in machine vision. Fish-eye lens produces a hemispherical field of view of an environment, which appears definite significant since its advantage of panoramic sight with a single compact visual scene. But fish-eye lens image has an unavoidable inherent severe distortion. The precise optical center is the precondition for other parameters calibration and distortion correction. Therefore, three different optical center calibration methods have been researched for diverse applications. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Spherical Equidistance Projection Algorithm (SEPA) are integrated to replace traditional rectification methods. SVM is a machine learning method based on the theory of statistics, which have good capabilities of imitating, regression and classification. In this research, SVM provides a mapping table between the fish-eye image and the standard image for human eyes. Two novel training models have been designed. SEPA has been applied to promote the rectification effect of the edge of fish-eye lens image. The validity and effectiveness of our achievements are demonstrated by processing the real images.
Spline representations have been successfully used with a genetic algorithm to determine a disparity map for stereo image pairs. This paper describes work to modify the genetic spline algorithm to use a version of the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479327
Spline representations have been successfully used with a genetic algorithm to determine a disparity map for stereo image pairs. This paper describes work to modify the genetic spline algorithm to use a version of the genetic algorithm with small populations and few generations, previously referred to as "Tiny GAs", to allow algorithm implementations to achieve real-time performance. The algorithm was also targeted at unrectified stereo image pairs to reduce preprocessing making it more suitable for real-time performance. To ensure disparity map quality is preserved, the two dimensional nature of images is maintained to leverage persistent information instead of representing the images as 1-D signals as suggested in the orignal genetic spline algorithm. Experimental results are given of this modified algorithm using unrectified images.
The intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC) is one of four unmanned systems student competitions that were founded by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI). The IGVC is a multidiscip...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479327
The intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC) is one of four unmanned systems student competitions that were founded by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI). The IGVC is a multidisciplinary exercise in product realization that challenges college engineering student teams to integrate advanced control theory, machine vision, vehicular electronics and mobile platform fundamentals to design and build an unmanned ground vehicle. Teams from around the world focus on developing a suite of dual-use technologies to equip their system of the future with intelligent driving capabilities. Over the past 17 years, the competition has challenged undergraduate, graduate and Ph.D. students with real world applications in intelligent transportation systems, the military and manufacturing automation. To date, teams from over 70 universities and colleges have participated. This paper describes some of the applications of the technologies required by this competition and discusses the educational benefits. The primary goal of the IGVC is to advance engineering education in intelligent vehicles and related technologies. The employment and professional networking opportunities created for students and industrial sponsors through a series of technical events over the four-day competition are highlighted. Finally, an assessment of the competition based on participation is presented.
A predictive object detection algorithm was developed to investigate the practicality of using advanced filtering on stereo vision object detection algorithms such as the X-H Map. Obstacle detection with stereo vision...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479327
A predictive object detection algorithm was developed to investigate the practicality of using advanced filtering on stereo vision object detection algorithms such as the X-H Map. Obstacle detection with stereo vision is inherently noisy and non linear. This paper describes the X-H Map algorithm and details a method of improving the accuracy with the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). The significance of this work is that it details a method of stereo vision object detection and concludes that the UKF is a relevant method of filtering that improves the robustness of obstacle detection given noisy inputs. This method of integrating the UKF for use in stereo vision is suitable for any standard stereo vision algorithm that is based on pixel matching (stereo correspondence) from disparity maps.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenge of engineering robust intelligentrobots. Robust intelligentrobots may be considered as ones that not only work in one environment but rather in all types of situ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479327
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenge of engineering robust intelligentrobots. Robust intelligentrobots may be considered as ones that not only work in one environment but rather in all types of situations and conditions. Our past work has described sensors for intelligentrobots that permit adaptation to changes in the environment. We have also described the combination of these sensors with a "creative controller" that permits adaptive critic, neural network learning, and a dynamic database that permits task selection and criteria adjustment. However, the emphasis of this paper is on engineering solutions which are designed for robust operations and worst case situations such as day night cameras or rain and snow solutions. This ideal model may be compared to various approaches that have been implemented on "production vehicles and equipment" using Ethernet, CAN Bus and JAUS architectures and to modern, embedded, mobile computing architectures. Many prototype intelligentrobots have been developed and demonstrated in terms of scientific feasibility but few have reached the stage of a robust engineering solution. Continual innovation and improvement are still required. The significance of this comparison is that it provides some insights that may be useful in designing future robots for various manufacturing, medical, and defense applications where robust and reliable performance is essential.
This paper proposes a contribution for obstacles detection and tracking in the context of car-driving assistance. On the basis of the uv-disparity(9) designed for in-vehicle stereovision, we propose a robust procedure...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479327
This paper proposes a contribution for obstacles detection and tracking in the context of car-driving assistance. On the basis of the uv-disparity(9) designed for in-vehicle stereovision, we propose a robust procedure to detect the objects located on the road plane. This detection is used as an initialization stage for a real-time template matching procedure based on the minimizing of a weighted cost function. An appropriate update of the weights, based upon the quality of the previous matching and depth information, allows to track efficiently non-rigid objects in front of a clutter background. Sequences involving pedestrians are used to demonstrate the efficiency of our procedure.
This paper addresses the design, design method, test platform, and test results of an algorithm used in autonomous navigation for intelligent vehicles. The Bluefield State College (BSC) team created this algorithm for...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479327
This paper addresses the design, design method, test platform, and test results of an algorithm used in autonomous navigation for intelligent vehicles. The Bluefield State College (BSC) team created this algorithm for its 2009 intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC) robot called Anassa V. The BSC robotics team is comprised of undergraduate computer science, engineering technology, marketing students, and one robotics faculty advisor. The team has participated in IGVC since the year 2000. A major part of the design process that the BSC team uses each year for IGVC is a fully documented "Post-IGVC Analysis." Over the nine years since 2000, the lessons the students learned from these analyses have resulted in an ever-improving, highly successful autonomous algorithm. The algorithm employed in Anassa V is a culmination of past successes and new ideas, resulting in Anassa V earning several excellent IGVC 2009 performance awards, including third place overall. The paper will discuss all aspects of the design of this autonomous robotic system, beginning with the design process and ending with test results for both simulation and real environments.
A single-camera stereo vision system offers a greatly simplified approach to image capture and analysis. In the original study by Lovegrove and Brame, they proposed a novel optical system that uses a single camera to ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479327
A single-camera stereo vision system offers a greatly simplified approach to image capture and analysis. In the original study by Lovegrove and Brame, they proposed a novel optical system that uses a single camera to capture two short, wide stereo images that can then be analyzed for real-time obstacle detection. In this paper, further analysis and refinement of the optical design results in two virtual cameras with perfectly parallel central axes. A new prototype camera design provides experimental verification of the analysis and also provides insight into practical construction. The experimental device showed that the virtual cameras' axes possessed a deviation from parallel of less than 12 minutes (or 0.2 degrees). The calculation of distances to objects from the two overlapping images all showed errors smaller than the pixel resolution limitation. In addition, a barrel lens correction was used in processing the image to allow parallax distance determination in the whole horizontal view of the images.
A possibility to reduce the investment costs is an improved functionality of the inspection station in order to awaken investors' interest to buy. A new concept for 2-D and 3-D metric and logical quality monitorin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479327
A possibility to reduce the investment costs is an improved functionality of the inspection station in order to awaken investors' interest to buy. A new concept for 2-D and 3-D metric and logical quality monitoring with a more accurate, flexible, economical and efficient inspection station has been developed and tested at IITB. The inspection station uses short- and wide-range sensors, an intelligent grip system and a so-called "sensor magazine" which make the inspection process more flexible. The sensor magazine consists of various sensor ports with various task-specific, interchangeable sensors. With the sensor magazine and the improved measuring methods, the testing periods and therefore the costs in factory can be substantially decreased.
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