As part of the Modular intelligent Manipulation system with Intuitive Control program, industry is working with the U. S. Army to explore technologies that will allow a user to intuitively control multiple degree of f...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
As part of the Modular intelligent Manipulation system with Intuitive Control program, industry is working with the U. S. Army to explore technologies that will allow a user to intuitively control multiple degree of freedom robotic arms and maintain better awareness of the operating environment through haptic feedback. In addition to reporting resistance, haptic feedback can help make operators feel like they are actually there with the robot, opening doors, unscrewing blast caps, cutting wires, or removing batteries. Coupled with intuitive controls and advanced video feedback, the goal of this project is to provide users with the sensation that the robot is an extension of their body, all from a safe distance.
The intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC) is one of four, unmanned systems, student competitions that were founded by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI). The IGVC is a multidisc...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
The intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC) is one of four, unmanned systems, student competitions that were founded by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI). The IGVC is a multidisciplinary exercise in product realization that challenges college engineering student teams to integrate advanced control theory, machine vision, vehicular electronics and mobile platform fundamentals to design and build an unmanned system. Teams from around the world focus on developing a suite of dual-use technologies to equip ground vehicles of the future with intelligent driving capabilities. Over the past 18 years, the competition has challenged undergraduate, graduate and Ph.D. students with real world applications in intelligent transportation systems, the military and manufacturing automation. To date, teams from over 75 universities and colleges have participated. This paper describes some of the applications of the technologies required by this competition and discusses the educational benefits. The primary goal of the IGVC is to advance engineering education in intelligent vehicles and related technologies. The employment and professional networking opportunities created for students and industrial sponsors through a series of technical events over the four-day competition are highlighted. Finally, an assessment of the competition based on participation is presented.
In designing a tracking algorithm, utilizing several different features, e. g., color histogram, gradient histogram and other object descriptors, is preferable to increase robustness of tracking performance. In this p...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
In designing a tracking algorithm, utilizing several different features, e. g., color histogram, gradient histogram and other object descriptors, is preferable to increase robustness of tracking performance. In this paper, we propose a multiple feature fusion framework to improve the tracking by assigning appropriate weights to individual features. The feature weights are optimally obtained by a waterfilling procedure that maximizes mutual information between target object features and query features. Especially, in this paper, we focus on a particle filter tracking implementation of the multiple feature fusion framework. Our experiments show that object tracking with multiple features outperforms single feature based tracking methods and illustrates that the proposed optimal feature weighting increases robustness of multiple-feature based tracking performance.
Due to the problems of noise, textureless region and depth discontinuity in stereo matching, a new matching method based on two cameras and one 3D image sensor is proposed in this paper. Though the 3D image sensor can...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
Due to the problems of noise, textureless region and depth discontinuity in stereo matching, a new matching method based on two cameras and one 3D image sensor is proposed in this paper. Though the 3D image sensor can offer a depth map, it has low resolution and much noise. Therefore, it can not be used to 3D reconstruction. However, combining two cameras with one 3D image sensor and regarding the depth map as an initial sparse disparity map is an advantage method in stereo vision matching. This method can largely improve the matching accuracy and decrease the running time. Finally, a dense disparity map can be obtained. The experiment results indicate that the proposed algorithm performs well and the disparity map has more accuracy comparing with existing methods.
cr Objects detection and tracking is a key function for many applications like video surveillance, robotic, intelligent transportation systems, ... etc. This problem is widely treated in the literature in terms of sen...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
cr Objects detection and tracking is a key function for many applications like video surveillance, robotic, intelligent transportation systems, ... etc. This problem is widely treated in the literature in terms of sensors (video cameras, laser range finder, Radar) and methodologies. This paper proposes a new approach for detecting and tracking objects using stereo vision with linear cameras. After the matching process applied to edge points extracted from the images, the reconstructed points in the scene are clustered using spectral analysis. The obtained clusters are then tracked throughout their center of gravity using a Kalman filter and a Nearest Neighbour (NN) based data association algorithm. The approach is tested and evaluated on real data to demonstrate its effectiveness for obstacle detection and tracking in front of a vehicle. This work is a part of a project that aims to develop advanced driving aid systems, supported by the CPER, STIC and Volubilis programs.
In this paper we present Phobetor, an autonomous outdoor vehicle originally designed for the 2010 intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC). We describe new vision and navigation systems that have yielded 3x incre...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
In this paper we present Phobetor, an autonomous outdoor vehicle originally designed for the 2010 intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC). We describe new vision and navigation systems that have yielded 3x increase in obstacle detection speed using parallel processing and robust lane detection results. Phobetor also uses probabilistic local mapping to learn about its environment and Anytime Dynamic A* (AD*) to plan paths to reach its goals. Our vision software is based on color stereo images and uses robust, RANSAC-based algorithms while running fast enough to support real-time autonomous navigation on uneven terrain. AD* allows Phobetor to respond quickly in all situations even when optimal planning takes more time, and uses incremental replanning to increase search efficiency. We augment the cost map of the environment with a potential field which addresses the problem of "wall-hugging" and smoothes generated paths to allow safe and reliable path-following. In summary, we present innovations on Phobetor that are relevant to real-world robotics platforms in uncertain environments.
In this document a multi-media security warning design approach for automated production scenarios with industrial robots is introduced. This first approach is based on and adapts design principles of common security ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
In this document a multi-media security warning design approach for automated production scenarios with industrial robots is introduced. This first approach is based on and adapts design principles of common security programs and a German VDI standard for safety warnings design. We focus on direct human-to-robot interaction scenarios, e. g. the online-programming of industrial robots, because of their potential indirect safety impacts, which could be caused by malicious codes infection of a robots control computer. We designed ten different multi-media security warnings, composed of visual and acoustical information. Visual information of warnings is transported via a traffic light metaphor (symbolizing three different threat levels), different warn icons (symbolizing properties of malicious codes) and instructions icons to programmers or operators and additional textual information. With an acknowledgment button in the middle of the warning, the programmer's confirmation of the reception of the warning is verified. Additionally, three different acoustical signals also indicate the threat level of the warning. Furthermore, an evaluation is presented, which uses concepts known from usability testing (method of loud thinking, questionnaire, time measurement). The aim is to evaluate general design criteria of our developed security warnings and tendency of user perception for further advancement of our warnings design.
Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology in which real-world visual data is combined with an overlay of computer graphics, enhancing the original feed. AR is an attractive tool for teleoperated UGV UIs as it can improve...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology in which real-world visual data is combined with an overlay of computer graphics, enhancing the original feed. AR is an attractive tool for teleoperated UGV UIs as it can improve communication between robots and users via an intuitive spatial and visual dialogue, thereby increasing operator situational awareness. The successful operation of UGVs often relies upon both chassis navigation and manipulator arm control, and since existing literature usually focuses on one task or the other, there is a gap in mobile robot UIs that take advantage of AR for both applications. This work describes the development and analysis of an AR UI system for a UGV with an attached manipulator arm. The system supplements a video feed shown to an operator with information about geometric relationships within the robot task space to improve the operator's situational awareness. Previous studies on AR systems and preliminary analyses indicate that such an implementation of AR for a mobile robot with a manipulator arm is anticipated to improve operator performance. A full user-study can determine if this hypothesis is supported by performing an analysis of variance on common test metrics associated with UGV teleoperation.
Detecting lane markings on roads from in-vehicle camera images is very important because it is one of the fundamental tasks for autonomous running technology and safety driving support system. There are several lane m...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
Detecting lane markings on roads from in-vehicle camera images is very important because it is one of the fundamental tasks for autonomous running technology and safety driving support system. There are several lane markings detection methods using the width information, but most of these are considered to be insufficient for oblique markings. So, the primary intent of this paper is to propose a detecting lane markings method robust to orientation of markings. In this work, we focus on the width of lane markings standardized by road act in Japan, and propose a method for detecting white lane markings by extracting white regions with constant predefined width from bird's-eye road images after segmentation such as categorical color area one. The proposed method is based on the constrained Delaunay triangulation. The proposed method has a merit that can be measure an exact width for oblique markings on the bird's-eye images because it can be obtained perpendicular width for edge. The effectiveness of the proposed method was shown by experimental results for 187 actual road images taken from an in-vehicle camera.
Omnidirectional vision appears the definite significance since its advantage of acquiring full 360 horizontal field of vision information simultaneously. In this paper, an embedded original omnidirectional vision navi...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9780819484154
Omnidirectional vision appears the definite significance since its advantage of acquiring full 360 horizontal field of vision information simultaneously. In this paper, an embedded original omnidirectional vision navigator (EOVN) based on fish-eye lens and embedded technology has been researched. Fish-eye lens is one of the special ways to establish omnidirectional vision. However, it appears with an unavoidable inherent and enormous distortion. A unique integrated navigation method which is conducted on the basis of targets tracking has been proposed. It is composed of multi-target recognition and tracking, distortion rectification, spatial location and navigation control. It is called RTRLN. In order to adapt to the different indoor and outdoor navigation environments, we implant mean-shift and dynamic threshold adjustment into the Particle Filter algorithm to improve the efficiency and robustness of tracking capability. RTRLN has been implanted in an independent development embedded platform. EOVN likes a smart crammer based on COMS+FPGA+DSP. It can guide various vehicles in outdoor environments by tracking the diverse marks hanging in the air. The experiments prove that the EOVN is particularly suitable for the guidance applications which need high requirements on precision and repeatability. The research achievements have a good actual applied inspection.
暂无评论