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Integrating Non-Monotonic Reasoning into High Level Component-Based modelling Using Behavior Trees

11th International conference on Intelligent Software Methodologies, Tools, and Techniques (SoMeT)

作者： Chan, Lin Wah Hexel, Rene Wen, Lian Griffith Univ Sch Informat & Commun Technol Brisbane Qld 4111 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781614991250;9781614991243

In this paper we investigate how combining two types of modelling languages will increase their expressive power. The Behavior Tree method and non-monotonic logic will be integrated. As a general purpose high level graphical modelling language, the Behavior Tree (BT) method has the advantage of being easy to learn and has been successfully used to model industrial large-scale software intensive systems. Its strength is modelling high level business requirements. The BT method is not good at modelling complex logic. Non-monotonic reasoning represents logic in a human intuitive way. We propose that the logical representation in BTs be replaced with non-monotonic reasoning. We implement the integration using BECIE (Behavior engineering Component Integration Environment) and Clausal Defeasible Logic. We finish two executable case studies to validate the approach and the implementation. The case studies show how the expressive power of non-monotonic logic assists the formal representation of functional requirements in the BT method. The result is an effective mechanism for formally specifying and simulating logical requirements in BTs. Our approach allows users of BTs to declare what they want in human readable rules instead of composing complex behaviour to represent how their rules are achieved. This raises the level of abstraction regarding logic representation in BTs. It hides low-level logics from high level components, enabling stakeholders of the system to easily conceptualise the main flow. Additionally, it separates rules from procedural flows. The separation of the two concerns increases the flexibility of both procedural flows and rules, as well as the reusability of rules.

关键词： modelling Non-monotonic reasoning Clausal Defeasible Logic Behavior engineering Behavior Tree BECIE

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Characterization of the automotive seat/human structural dynamics

Characterization of the automotive seat/human structural dyn...

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International conference on Noise and Vibration engineering (ISMA) / International conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics (USD)

作者： Lo, L. Fard, M. Subic, A. Jazar, R. RMIT Univ Melbourne Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn Melbourne Vic Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9789073802896

Predicting the responses of the combined human body-seat structure to vibration excitation is still a challenging task. This is mainly due to the complex dynamics behaviour of the seated human body in response to the vibration. Nevertheless, several applications, such as optimizing the vehicle seat structure or reducing the transmission of the vibration to the seat occupant, do not necessarily require complex modelling of the human body. It is however essential to characterize and predict the critical frequencies and the corresponding vibration patterns of the combined seat with human occupant. This study aims to predict the resonant frequencies and corresponding vibration mode shapes of the vehicle seat with occupant from the unoccupied seat. An experiment is designed to measure the frequency responses, resonant frequencies, and corresponding mode shapes of a selected vehicle seat when mounted on the test rig. Seventeen young male volunteers have participated in the experiments. The results indicate that that the vehicle unoccupied seat have three similar main seatback lateral, seatback fore-aft, and seat twisting resonant frequencies below 80 Hz. Adding the human occupant to the seat gave the same three seatback lateral, seatback fore-aft, and seat twisting mode shapes but with different resonant frequencies from their corresponding unoccupied seat. The changes of the resonant frequencies from unoccupied seat to the occupied seat for the all seventeen volunteers were consistent in accordance to their weights. Seated human occupant is not adding any new resonant frequency or mode shapes to the seat. Similar changes of the resonant frequencies between the six volunteers for the three different seats allow us to predict the key attributes of the seat with occupant (occupied seat) modes from their corresponding unoccupied seat. Results from this study are expected to reduce the need for complex modeling of the human body in upfront analysis in design of vehicle seats.

关键词： Natural frequencies

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Finite element analysis of walking vibration problems for tubular steel-concrete composite footbridges

Finite element analysis of walking vibration problems for tu...

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11th International conference on Computational Structures Technology, CST 2012

作者： Debona, G.L. Santos Da Silva, J.G. Sieira, A.C.C.F. Da S. Vellasco, P.C.G. De Lima, L.R.O. Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Programme PGECIV Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781905088546

The main objective of this investigation is to present the finite element modelling of the dynamic behaviour of tubular composite (steel-concrete) footbridges subjected to human walking vibrations. The investigated structural system was based on a tubular composite (steel-concrete) footbridge, spanning 82.5 m. The structural model consists of tubular steel sections and a concrete slab. This investigation is carried out based on correlations between the experimental results related to the footbridge dynamic response and those obtained with finite element modelling. The finite element model enabled a complete dynamic evaluation of the tubular footbridge in terms of human comfort and its associated vibration serviceability limit states. The peak accelerations found in the present analysis indicated that the investigated tubular footbridge presented problems related with human comfort. Hence it was detected that this type of structure can reach high vibration levels that can compromise the footbridge user's comfort. © Civil-Comp Press, 2012.

关键词： Structural dynamics

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Non-invasive measurement of cholesterol in human blood by impedance technique: an investigation by 2D finite element field modelling

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Journal of Physics: conference Series 2013年第1期459卷

作者： E Aristovich S H Khan City University London School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Northampton Square London EC1V 0HB UK

This paper concerns detection of solid particles suspended in conductive media by impedance technique. The technique is based on changes in impedance measured between two electrodes placed across a given volume of conducting medium. It presents a methodology for modelling and investigation of the feasibility of such a technique for particle detection by 2D finite element (FE) field modelling. This is based on modelling and computation of electric field distribution between the above electrodes. It establishes the modelling approach, the complexity involved and justifies the need for modelling in 3D to incorporate some of the effects that cannot be taken into account in 2D models. It reports on the modelling investigation for a specific case of detecting, by impedance technique cholesterol particles suspended in human blood and points to a possible instrument for non-invasive measurement of blood cholesterol level.

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modelling of multi-pick-up bi-directional inductive power transfer systems

Modelling of multi-pick-up bi-directional inductive power tr...

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3rd IEEE International conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, ICSET 2012

作者： Swain, Akshya K. Devarakonda, Srikanth Madawala, Udaya K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781457718694

Bi-directional Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) systems allow contactless power transfer between two sides and across an air-gap, through weak magnetic coupling. These systems essentially constitute high order resonant circuit and their complexity increases with increasing number of pick-ups. A mathematical model which provides an insight into the behaviour of bi-directional IPT systems with multiple pick-ups would therefore be invaluable at design stage. This paper develops a multivariable dynamic model for bi-directional IPT system with multiple pick-ups. A 1.5 kW bi-directional IPT system with 3 pick-ups is simulated in PLECS and the results are presented with comparisons to demonstrate the validity of the proposed model. Results of the simulation indicate that the proposed model accurately predicts the behaviour of bi-directional IPT system with multiple pick-ups and can therefore be used as a valuable tool for both dynamic analysis and controller design. ©2012 IEEE.

关键词： Pickups

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Random model of vertical walking force signals 1

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30th IMAC, A conference on Structural Dynamics, 2012

作者： Racic, Vitomir Brownjohn, James M.W. Pavic, Aleksandar Department of Civil and Structural Engineering University of Sheffield Sir Frederick Mappin Building Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom

ISBN: (数字)9781461424130

ISBN: (纸本)9781461424123

This paper presents a mathematical model to generate synthetic narrow band vertical force signals due to individuals walking. The model is fitted to a unique database comprising many directly measured vertical walking force time histories due to diverse population of human test subjects walking on an instrumented treadmill at a range of speeds, yielding a random approach to generating their artificial - yet realistic counterparts. Integrated in computer software, the modelling strategy presented offers a radical departure from traditional hand-based calculations of human-induced vibrations towards more realistic and more reliable assessment of dynamic performance of pedestrian structures that could be adopted in modern design practice. © The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. 2012.

关键词： Structural dynamics

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Numerical modelling and Experimental Study of Sandwich Shells with Metal Foam Cores

Numerical Modelling and Experimental Study of Sandwich Shell...

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15th conference of the European Scientific Association on Material Forming, (ESAFORM 2012)

作者： Mata, H. Natal Jorge, R. Santos, A. D. Parente, M. P. L. Valente, R. A. F. Fernandes, A. A. Univ Porto IDMEC Fac Engn Rua Dr Roberto Frias P-4200465 Oporto Portugal Univ Porto INEGI Fac Engn P-4200465 Oporto Portugal Univ Aveiro Dept Mech Engn P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783037853665

The trends in automobile industry always include the use of new materials such as those needed for the passive safety of vehicles and they are one of the most important strategies to reduce injury of passengers during traffic accidents. Associated with the development of security systems, there is the possibility of improving efficiency by the introduction of materials that lead to weight reduction, having a direct impact on fuel consumption and lower carbon emissions. The present work aims to study the behaviour of sandwich structures, composed by a foam core with two outer layers of metal sheet (all structure being aluminium). The study of the composite structure behaviour, its mechanical characterization and numerical modelling is essential to analyse the mechanical performance of structures based on this type of materials. This step is fundamental in preliminary design, since the different materials of the composite structure show different mechanical responses. The differences in mechanical behaviour are demonstrated by the axisymmetric compressive stress states tests and also by the influence of hydrostatic pressure in the yield of the aluminium foam porous material [I], while the yield of the homogeneous solid material (aluminium sheet) can be considered as pressure insensitive. In order to correctly characterize separately these two materials of the composite (outer layers and core), a set of tests were performed. The characterization of the aluminium sheet was performed in a series of tensile tests, using three different rolling directions. For the metal foam core characterization a series of uniaxial compression tests were performed [2]. The experimentally obtained results were applied in the development of numerical models for this kind of sandwich structure. The models include elastoplastic constitutive relation, where a distinct plastic domain for different materials is accounted for, as well as, the influence of hydrostatic pressure in the yield of the

关键词： Metal foams Numerical modelling Experimental Tests and Sandwich Shells

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Dynamical analysis of a duolever suspension system

Dynamical analysis of a duolever suspension system

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2012 UKACC International conference on Control, CONTROL 2012

作者： Ramirez, Ciro Moreno Tomas-Rodriguez, M. Evangelou, Simos A. School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences City University London United Kingdom Electrical and Electronic and Mechanical Engineering Departments Imperial College London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781467315609

The authors investigate the dynamical behaviour of a Duolever type of suspension on a standard sports motorcycle. The paper contains the modelling aspects of it, as well as the optimization process followed in order to obtain the suspension parameters and geometry arrangements. Head angle, wheelbase and normal trail are studied as indicators of the handling properties of the suspension system. Matlab optimization toolbox was used to design a mathematical model of a duolever front suspension system which keeps its normal trail constant during the full suspension travel. By using VehicleSim software, non-linear simulations were performed on motorcycle model that includes a duolever suspension. By a quasi-static variation of the forward speed of the motorcycle, the time histories of the system's states were obtained. The corresponded root locus to the linearized model were plotted and compared to those of the original motorcycle model without duolever system. A modal analysis was performed in order to get a deeper understanding of the different modes of oscillation and how the duolever system affects them. The results show that whilst a satisfactory anti-dive effect is achieved with this suspension system, it has a destabilizing effect on pitch and wobble modes. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Root loci

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The propagation of psychological variables in crowd: Simulation results

The propagation of psychological variables in crowd: Simulat...

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6th Asia International conference on mathematical modelling and Computer Simulation, AMS 2012

作者： Sadiyoko, Ali Riyanto, T. Bambang Mutijarsa, Kusprasapta Industrial Engineering Department Universitas Katolik Parahyangan Bandung Indonesia School of Electronic and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9780769547305

Group behavior that appears in a massive crowd can result in some uncontrolled actions that could endanger not only the members of the crowd, but also its surrounding environment. This unpredictable behavior is a result of the spread of influence and action of each individual against another individual in the crowd. Iterative process that happens constantly can lead to an uncontrolled accumulation of actions. This paper is our first study to apply psychological behavior of crowd into a group of humanoid robot. Our goal in this research is having a group of robots that behave like a human crowd. The psychology theory to be implemented into our robot's behavior is Le Bon's "Suggestibility theory". In this paper, robots will consider as a multi-agents system which has distinct different psychological characteristics on each agent. In reviewing the propagation process of psychological variable on each agent, we used a model known as Psychological Dynamic Model (PDM). This paper attempts to understand the PDM algorithm and try to make a simulation based on the existing model of the PDM. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Anthropomorphic robots

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Component based modelling of piezoelectric ultrasonic actuators for machining applications

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Journal of Physics: conference Series 2013年第1期451卷

作者： A Saleem M Salah N Ahmed V V Silberschmidt Department of Mechanical Engineering Taibah University Al-Madinah Al-Munawara Saudi Arabia Department of Mechatronics Engineering Hashemite University Zarqa Jordan School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Loughborough University UK

Ultrasonically Assisted Machining (UAM) is an emerging technology that has been utilized to improve the surface finishing in machining processes such as turning, milling, and drilling. In this context, piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers are being used to vibrate the cutting tip while machining at predetermined amplitude and frequency. However, modelling and simulation of these transducers is a tedious and difficult task. This is due to the inherent nonlinearities associated with smart materials. Therefore, this paper presents a component-based model of ultrasonic transducers that mimics the nonlinear behaviour of such a system. The system is decomposed into components, a mathematical model of each component is created, and the whole system model is accomplished by aggregating the basic components' model. System parameters are identified using Finite Element technique which then has been used to simulate the system in Matlab/SIMULINK. Various operation conditions are tested and performed to demonstrate the system performance.

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