作者：
Cleary, PW
(CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences Australia)
Particle scale simulation of industrial particle flows using discrete element method (DEM) offers the opportunity for better understanding the flow dynamics leading to improvements in equipment design and operation th...
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Particle scale simulation of industrial particle flows using discrete element method (DEM) offers the opportunity for better understanding the flow dynamics leading to improvements in equipment design and operation that can potentially lead to large increases in equipment and process efficiency, throughput and/or product quality. Industrial applications can be characterized as large, involving complex. particulate behaviour in typically complex geometries. In this paper;with a series of examples, we will explore the breadth of large scale modelling of industrial processes that is currently possible. Few of these applications will be examined in more detail to show how insights into the fundamentals of these processes can be gained through DEM modelling. Some examples of our collaborative validation efforts will also be described.
The article deals with evaluation of image quality by various methods and comparison of their results. Generally, there are several ways how to assess image quality. Three main approaches are: subjective testing, obje...
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ISBN:
(纸本)088986408X
The article deals with evaluation of image quality by various methods and comparison of their results. Generally, there are several ways how to assess image quality. Three main approaches are: subjective testing, objective testing and image quality evaluation using a human visual system (HVS) model. The subjective testing is based on human perception, the objective one on mathematical computing and the human visual system models on mathematicalmodelling of human vision respecting features of the human perception. Then, the described methods and two designed models of HVS are used for image quality evaluation on a set of images. Results of the modelling were compared with results of the subjective and objective methods.
Concerning surgical and therapy planning for interventions at human eyes, especially at cornea and lens, computer based simulations are needed to predict the postoperative behaviour of the eye (vision) before surgical...
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ISBN:
(纸本)088986408X
Concerning surgical and therapy planning for interventions at human eyes, especially at cornea and lens, computer based simulations are needed to predict the postoperative behaviour of the eye (vision) before surgical acts at the patients. In the Institute of computer science in the Research Center Karlsruhe a simulation system is developed for the refractive surgery methods. Biomechanical simulations are performed with the commercial tool ANSYS, where morphometric and material data of the human eye are very important. The deformation of the cornea after interventions is the input for further optical simulations to give answer concerning the quality of vision.
Uncontrolled crowds and poor management of crowds have been known to lead to emergency and panic situations. Deaths and injuries have often resulted from such situations. Tools and models are required to study behavio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0889864152
Uncontrolled crowds and poor management of crowds have been known to lead to emergency and panic situations. Deaths and injuries have often resulted from such situations. Tools and models are required to study behaviour in emergency and panic situations. In this paper, we propose a virtual human model for dealing with such situations. Our model is based on previous studies of phases of terror and fear, models of flight behaviour and behaviour of children in emergency and panic situations. We describe in this paper the specification and the associated pseudo-scripts of the model.
Multi-agent modelling is a relatively new research area intending to build a more realistic theory of financial markets, which are viewed as complex evolutionary systems. Instead of assuming market efficiency or ratio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)8468878677
Multi-agent modelling is a relatively new research area intending to build a more realistic theory of financial markets, which are viewed as complex evolutionary systems. Instead of assuming market efficiency or rational expectations of the market participants, as it is done in the standard equilibrium theory of financial markets, multi-agent models typically incorporate theories of humanbehaviour that tolerate bounded rationality, several kind of interactions and imperfect information. Such an approach is more likely to reflect the conditions of real-world financial markets. Neural networks, genetic algorithms or hybrid approaches are typically used when modelling heterogeneous interacting agents. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the recent developments in this area and to point out the explanatory role and the predictive power of multi-agent models.
Corrosive species in various forms exist widely in the environment and can significantly affect wear behaviour of materials, usually accelerating wear. Under some other conditions where the environments are seemingly ...
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Corrosive species in various forms exist widely in the environment and can significantly affect wear behaviour of materials, usually accelerating wear. Under some other conditions where the environments are seemingly non-deleterious in terms of corrosivity, some species from the environment can still affect the tribological behaviour of materials. It is thus extremely important to recognise the roles of reactive species in affecting the tribological processes and to understand the processes of tribo-corrosion interactions. In this paper, the mechanisms of wear debris generation and the roles of reactive species in the generation of wear debris during sliding wear in gaseous or aqueous environments are discussed. The effect of environment on the development of wear protective layers is described. Based on the proposed mechanisms, mathematical models for sliding wear in both dry and aqueous environments are outlined, and the validity of the models is assessed against experimental data in sliding conditions.
This paper argues for the relevance of cognitive modelling and cognitive architectures to support user interface design decisions. From a humancomputer interaction point of view, cognitive modelling can have benefits ...
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For high precision motion systems, modelling and control design specifically oriented at friction effects is instrumental. The Sinusoidal Input Describing Function theory represents a solid mathematical framework for ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9073802822
For high precision motion systems, modelling and control design specifically oriented at friction effects is instrumental. The Sinusoidal Input Describing Function theory represents a solid mathematical framework for analysing non-linear system behaviour. This theory however limits the description of the non-linear system behaviour to an approximated linear relation between sinusoidal excitation and sinusoidal response. An extension to Higher Order Describing Functions can be realised by calculating the corresponding Fourier coefficients. The resulting Higher Order Sinusoidal Input Describing Functions (HOSIDFs) relate the magnitude and phase of the higher harmonics of the periodic system response to the magnitude and phase of a sinusoidal excitation. This paper describes two techniques to measure HOSIDFs. The first technique is FFT based. The second technique is based on IQ (=in phase/quadrature phase) demodulation. In a case study both techniques are used to measure the changes in dynamics due to friction as function of drive level in an electric motor.
Over the last twenty years there has been a steady development in the modelling of user adoption and diffusion behaviour in relation to the uptake of new ideas. This modeling being both generic for all innovations and...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780386256
Over the last twenty years there has been a steady development in the modelling of user adoption and diffusion behaviour in relation to the uptake of new ideas. This modeling being both generic for all innovations and in particular to IT technology. This paper focuses on applying this into the design of web applications. This is in accord with the increasing use of web interfaces across organisations' corporate and supporting applications, and the dramatic increase in the number of potential users in the resulting systems. Along with this trend to connect more and more of an organization's staff and clients together via web interfaces, has been the rise of user-centric design models which place user requirements higher on the priorities fist in system design and also places user satisfaction as a major performance and quality indicator. This paper puts forward that adoption theory can be used be used in the design, implementation and management of web applications and into the resulting web information systems in enhancing the human-computer interactions of users. In presenting relevant modelling ideas, examples are drawn from a substantial case study.
A numerical model based on artificial neural networks (ANN) was developed to simulate the dynamic behaviour of a three reactors network (or ring reactor), with periodic change of the feed position, when low-pressure m...
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A numerical model based on artificial neural networks (ANN) was developed to simulate the dynamic behaviour of a three reactors network (or ring reactor), with periodic change of the feed position, when low-pressure methanol synthesis is carried out. A multilayer, feedforward, fully connected ANN was designed and the history stack adaptation algorithm was implemented and tested with quite good results both in terms of model identification and learning rates. The influence of the ANN parameters was addressed, leading to simple guidelines for the selection of their values. A detailed model was used to generate the patterns adopted for the learning and testing phases. The simplified model was finalised to develop a model predictive control scheme in order to maximise methanol yield and to fulfil process constraints. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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