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Application of the CAMEL process simulator to the dynamic simulation of gas turbines

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT 2007年第11期48卷 2792-2801页

作者： Cennerilli, S. Sciubba, E. Univ Roma 1 La Sapienza Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn I-00184 Rome Italy

This work presents the development of a modular code for the dynamic simulation of a single-shaft gas turbine and an application to a 50 kW machine. The simulation package, CAMEL (R), is a modular object-oriented process simulator for energy conversion systems, conceived and developed in the last decade by the Authors' group at the Mechanical and Aeronautical engineering Department of the University of Roma 1 "La Sapienza", the advantages of an object-oriented approach being the flexibility and the user-friendly interface. The component library of the original (steady-state) code has been augmented by implementing the dynamic models of all of the gas-turbine components: the method is still based on a classical black-box modelling and each component can be assembled as in an engineering process scheme in which the connections between two elements represent either a mechanical power coupling or a working fluid stream. In order to obtain an accurate description of the gas-turbine phenomenology, each component is described by a non/linear set of both algebraic and first-order differential-equations. The global non-linear system is advanced in time by means of a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The paper provides a description of the mathematical model adopted for the simulation. A complete dynamic simulation of a 50 kW gas-turbine plant is performed, starting from steady-state operation. Both variable and fixed rotational velocity are considered. The program has been tested both in a steady-state off-design simulation and in a fully dynamic simulation. In all tests the code performed properly, reproducing with good accuracy the behaviour of the real gas turbine. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： dynamic modelling dynamic simulation object-oriented simulation

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Mechanical modelling of human fascia in the problem of ventral hernia repair

Mechanical modelling of human fascia in the problem of ventr...

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7th International conference on engineering Computational Technology, ECT 2010

作者： Lubowiecka, I. Tomaszewska, A. Szymczak, C. Śmietański, M. Department of Structural Mechanics and Bridge Structures Gdansk University of Technology Poland Department of General Endocrine Surgery and Transplantation Medical University of Gdansk Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781905088393

The paper deals with mechanical tests of the human abdominal fascia, identification of its material parameters and some numerical simulation of the tissue behaviour. Since mechanical properties of human fascia are not available, the stress-strain relation of the fascia has been investigated in an experiment. On the basis of that, the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio of the tissue have been determined. The structural behaviour of the tested tissue has been simulated using finite element method. The calculations have been performed in *** system with application of membrane isoperimetric 4-node finite elements with 3 DOF per node. The constitutive model of human fascia formulated on experimental basis has been proposed and applied in the mechanical analysis. © 2010 Civil-Comp Press.

关键词： Tissue

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Fatigue recovery mathematical modelling for increasing productivity of a medium-workload worker in Indonesia 1

Fatigue recovery mathematical modelling for increasing produ...

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1st Tarumanagara International conference on the Applications of Technology and engineering (TICATE)

作者： Soenandi, Iwan Aang Ardian, Vincent Krida Wacana Christian Univ Fac Engn & Comp Sci Dept Ind Engn West Jakarta Indonesia

Due to high demand for workers and limited technology management in Indonesia, the industries need to focus on increasing worker's productivity in this labour-intensive system. Such system has the inclination to use workers to actuate the economic cycle. But in employing human workers, we will face the problem of fatigue. This research identifies factors affecting fatigue recovery of workers and obtained the mathematical model for it. The model was built using the experimental design method that involved three workers with age ranging from 20 to 22 years and obtained that variable of activity, treatment and operator have closely related to fatigue recovery. The mathematical model was obtained as equation of Y=-13,856+15,515X1+2,736X2+3,674X3 with X1 is variable of activity, X2 is variable of treatment and X3 is variable of operator. The results of this research would become an indicator for the manufacturing industries in Indonesia to increase labour's productivity.

关键词： Recovery

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Modeling human Activities Using behaviour Trees in Smart Homes 18

Modeling Human Activities Using Behaviour Trees in Smart Hom...

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11th ACM International conference on Pervasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA)

作者： Bouchard, Bruno Gaboury, Sebastien Bouchard, Kevin Francillette, Yannick Univ Quebec Chicoutimi LIARA Lab Chicoutimi PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450363907

With the aging population, researchers around the world are investigating technological solutions to help seniors stay at home as long as possible. One of them is the concept of smart home, which is an intelligent house equipped with sensors and actuators. Aging people often suffers from physical and cognitive impairments, which limit their abilities to perform their Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Therefore, the smart home needs to be able to assist its resident in carrying out their ADL, when it is required. Recognising the ongoing ADL constitutes then a key challenge of the assistive services. Being able to simulate users' behaviour is also an important issue, as well as being able to find an assistive step-by-step solution when something goes wrong. However, all theses challenges need to rely on a knowledge base of activities' models. In the past, many researchers tried to make use of some logical encoding of the activities by exploiting, for instance, first order logic. These approaches work fine for the inferential process but they are very rigid, complex and time consuming. More recently, scientists in the field tried to represent the activities using stochastic models, such as Bayesian Networks or Markov Model. These probabilistic methods do not represent activities very naturally and are very static state-transition models. In this paper, we propose the use of behaviour Trees (BT) as a means to represent the user's ADL in a smart home. BTs are mainly used in the video game industry as a powerful tool to model the behaviour of non-player characters. BTs allow the modelling of activities with a flexible, well-defined approach. We will present a first exploitation of the behaviour trees in a smart home simulator.

关键词： Aging people Assistive Technology Smart Homes Activities modelling behaviour Tress Simulation

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modelling, control system design and simulation of an autonomous bicycle

Modelling, control system design and simulation of an autono...

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IASTED International conference on modelling, Identification and Control, MIC 2014

作者： Argin, Omer Faruk Bayraktaroglu, Zeki Yagiz Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Istanbul Technical University MA1 Gumussuyu 34437 Istanbul Turkey

This paper presents the mathematical modelling and control system design of an autonomous bicycle. The nonlinear equations of motion have been derived and the proposed control system has been used in the simulation of the dynamical behaviour of the bicycle. With the assumption of rolling without slipping condition for the wheels-ground interaction, the system is constrained by nonholonomic equations, and the equations of motion are highly nonlinear. Unlike many other approaches present in related literature, the dynamical model is preserved in simulations in its original nonlinear form without any simplifying assumptions and linearization. Numerical results of the simulations show that the proposed closed-loop control system is achievable. Design of the experimental system has been based on a commercially available bicycle. The mechanical modifications and control system hardware have been designed according to the simulation results.

关键词： Equations of motion

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COMPUTATIONAL modelling OF THE behaviour OF BIOMARKER PARTICLES OF COLORECTAL CANCER IN FECAL MATTER 15

COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF THE BEHAVIOUR OF BIOMARKER PARTIC...

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15th International conference on Computational Plasticity - Fundamentals and Applications (COMPLAS)

作者： Suarez, G. Vallejo, E. Hoyos, L. Univ Pontificia Bolivariana Grp Invest Matemat GMAT Engn Sch Cir 1 70-01 Medellin 050031 Colombia Univ Pontificia Bolivariana Grp Invest Biol Sistemas Med Sch Cir 1 70-01 Medellin 050031 Colombia

ISBN: (纸本)9788494919473

Colorectal adenocarcinoma is one of the carcinogenic diseases that is increasing the morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The disease initially occurs through the segregation of biomarker substances in the human system without manifesting symptoms that affect the health of the carrier. Early detection would allow the application of more effective treatments, less invasive procedures and reduce the development of cancer. The purpose of this investigation was the elaboration of a mathematical model and the development of computational simulations to visualize the behavior of biomarker particles in transit through the colon. The flow conditions, properties of the viscous medium and biological regions of interest were established. Constitutive models, numerical conditions and solution strategies were determined. A numerical grid was used to represent the model of the colon and the human feces that carry the bioparticles (biomarkers). The results indicated the trajectories of the bioparticles in the fecal mass and the interactive movement with the natural contractions of the colon. The analysis of the movement of the biomarker particles can provide future less invasive alternatives for the detection in real time of the cancer by means of the implantation of biosensors in the walls of the colon.

关键词： Colorectal adenocarcinoma mathematical model computational simulation human feces biomarker substance

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Towards a quantitative understanding of oxygen tension and cell density evolution in fibrin hydrogels

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BIOMATERIALS 2011年第1期32卷 107-118页

作者： Demol, Jan Lambrechts, Dennis Geris, Liesbet Schrooten, Jan Van Oosterwyck, Hans Katholieke Univ Leuven Div Biomech & Engn Design B-3001 Louvain Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Met & Mat Engn B-3001 Louvain Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven Div Skeletal Tissue Engn Leuven B-3001 Louvain Belgium

The in vitro culture of hydrogel-based constructs above a critical size is accompanied by problems of unequal cell distribution when diffusion is the primary mode of oxygen transfer. In this study, an experimentally-informed mathematical model was developed to relate cell proliferation and death inside fibrin hydrogels to the local oxygen tension in a quantitative manner. The predictive capacity of the resulting model was tested by comparing its outcomes to the density, distribution and viability of human periosteum derived cells (hPDCs) that were cultured inside fibrin hydrogels in vitro. The model was able to reproduce important experimental findings, such as the formation of a multilayered cell sheet at the hydrogel periphery and the occurrence of a cell density gradient throughout the hydrogel. In addition, the model demonstrated that cell culture in fibrin hydrogels can lead to complete anoxia in the centre of the hydrogel for realistic values of oxygen diffusion and consumption. A sensitivity analysis also identified these two parameters, together with the proliferation parameters of the encapsulated cells, as the governing parameters for the occurrence of anoxia. In conclusion, this study indicates that mathematical models can help to better understand oxygen transport limitations and its influence on cell behaviour during the in vitro culture of cell-seeded hydrogels. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bone tissue engineering Fibrin Hydrogel In vitro test modelling

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Transient State of Transformers modelling and Study 10th

Transient State of Transformers Modelling and Study

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10th International conference on Interdisciplinarity in engineering (INTER-ENG)

作者： Agoston, Katalin Petru Maior Univ Tg Mures Dept Elect & Comp Engn Targu Mures Romania

This paper presents studies about the transient state of circuits and the behaviour of a transformer at on/off switching. The transient state is a short event of energy modification in a system caused by a change in state. This energy variation produces impulses which propagate through the network and influence or can even destroy other devices. Because there are a lot of devices operating in switching mode, it is important to study the transient state. To study and model the transient state differential equations are written for the circuits. This article presents the mathematical base of the transient state and the types of response to it. To create a simple model, state parameters and transfer function were used. An important circuit element is the transformer which has a nonlinear characteristic caused by the magnetic coil material. The equivalent circuit for a real transformer is presented with and without load connected to the output. The differential equations were written using the equivalent circuit. The behaviour of the transformer was studied while functioning in an open circuit. The transfer function is deduced when a load is connected to the output. The step and sin response are studied in different cases, and values of the load. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： transient state transient state model transformer Matlab simulation

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New Parameter Estimation Method of Linear Adaptive Filter for Modeling Kinematic Motion Primitive of Effective DOF of Hand

New Parameter Estimation Method of Linear Adaptive Filter fo...

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IEEE conference on Control and Applications (CCA)

作者： Lahroodi, Mahmood Konukseven, Erhan Ilhan Middle E Tech Univ Mech Enginnering Dept TR-06531 Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781479977871

In this paper, We have extracted and modeled the motion primitive of human hand in a simple 1-DOF rhythmic motion task, i. e. manipulating mass-spring-damper system. The experiment was carried out by using 1-DOF haptic box with virtual reality in Simulink environment. The interaction dynamics of haptic box and human which consists of hand and brain reveals the role of the human as an intelligent admittance. We tested 6 people who tried to combine motion primitives to produce smoother motion during learning process. In addition, we developed a novel identification method for modeling the rhythmic motion of hand in model space. It is shown that adaptive filter as a predictor of motion primitives with two parameters and two initial values appears as an ellipse in model space. The geometrical properties of ellipse are related to the parameters and initial values of adaptive filter that make it possible to identify the parameters of adaptive filter in model space.

关键词： adaptive filters control engineering computing damping estimation theory geometry learning (artificial intelligence) modelling motion control parameter estimation springs (mechanical) virtual reality 1DOF rhythmic motion task Simulink environment ellipse geometrical property haptic box human hand identification method interaction dynamics kinematic motion primitive modelling learning process linear adaptive filter mass-spring-damper system parameter estimation method Adaptation models Adaptive filters Data models Force Haptic interfaces mathematical model Solid modeling adaptive filters virtual reality control engineering computing Haptic interfaces Learning processes entity modeling estimation theory data models Parameter estimation Motor Control Hand Modeling Identification methods mathematical Model absorption of shock

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USING EMBEDDED DESIGN STRUCTURES TO UNRAVEL A COMPLEX DECISION IN A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM 21

USING EMBEDDED DESIGN STRUCTURES TO UNRAVEL A COMPLEX DECISI...

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21st International conference on engineering Design (ICED)

作者： McKay, Alison Sammonds, George Ahmed-Kristensen, Saeema Irnazarow, Aleksandra Robinson, Mark Univ Leeds Leeds W Yorkshire England Imperial Coll London London England Tech Univ Denmark Lyngby Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781904670964

Early design decisions have an impact on downstream product development processes. Poor decisions can reduce efficiency and effectiveness, and have a detrimental effect on product quality, delivery time, and cost. However, the range of tools suitable for use in early design is limited, in part because of ambiguity in available design definitions. This paper reports research that investigated the role of complex decision making in a quality incident that occurred in the development of a complex product system. A case study approach with document analysis and semi-structured interviews was used. Data were analysed using lenses from both social sciences and engineering design. In this paper, we report the use of embedded design structures to gain insights into the downstream consequences of design decisions. Results indicate that embedded product, process and supply network structures have the potential to underpin a new generation of design tools for considering downstream complexities arising from early design choices. Such tools could both improve the quality of design decisions and support improved management of development processes by highlighting areas of future risk.

关键词： Collaborative design Decision making human behaviour in design Product modelling / models

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