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IEEE International Smart Cities conference (ISC2)

作者： João Filipe Costa João Jacob Thiago Rúbio Daniel Silva Henrique Lopes Cardoso Sara Ferreira Rui Rodrigues Eugénio Oliveira Rosaldo J. F. Rossetti Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Lab (LIACC) Faculty of Engineering University of Porto (FEUP) Research Centre for Territory Transport and Environment (CITTA) Faculty of Engineering University of Porto (FEUP) Department of Informatics Engineering (DEI) Faculty of Engineering University of Porto (FEUP)

ISBN: (数字)9781728108469

ISBN: (纸本)9781728108476

Pedestrian behaviour modelling and simulation play a fundamental role in reducing traffic risks and new policies implementation costs. However, representing human behaviour in this dynamic environment is not a trivial task and such models require an accurate representation of pedestrian behaviour. Virtual environments have been gaining notoriety as a behaviour elicitation tool, but it is still necessary to understand the validity of this technique in the context of pedestrian studies, as well as to create guidelines for its use. This work proposes a proper methodology for pedestrian behaviour elicitation using virtual reality environments in conjunction with surveys or questionnaires. The methodology focuses on gathering data about the subject, the context, and the action taken, as well as on analyzing the collected data to finally output a behavioural model. The resulting model can be used as a feedback signal to improve environment conditions for experiment iterations. A concrete implementation was built based on this methodology, serving as an example for future studies. A virtual reality traffic environment and two surveys were used as data sources for pedestrian crossing experiments. The subjects controlled a virtual avatar using an HTC Vive and were asked to traverse the distance between two points in a city. The data collected during the experiment was analyzed and used as input to a machine learning model capable of predicting pedestrian speed, taking into account their actions and perceptions. The proposed methodology allowed for the successful data gathering and its use to predict pedestrian behaviour with fairly acceptable accuracy.

关键词： Solid modeling Task analysis Virtual environments Biological system modeling Computational modeling Measurement

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mathematical modelling for Bone Cement MMA Free Radical Polymerization Process 9

Mathematical Modelling for Bone Cement MMA Free Radical Poly...

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9th Cairo International Biomedical engineering conference (CIBEC)

作者： Ahmed, Hassan M. Abdelbaset, Reda Asmaa, Awad Mustafa, Ibrahim Helwan Univ Fac Engn Biomed Engn Dept Cairo Egypt Univ Waterloo Chem Engn Dept Waterloo ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781538681541

For more than 50 years, artificial joints are fastened efficiently by bone cements. Bone cements play an important role in the elastic zone. In human hip joint, about ten to twelve times of the body weight acts upon the hip joint. This gives rise to the need of the bone cement to absorb the forces acting upon the human hip joint. Plexiglas, which is Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) is the material of choice for obtaining bone cements. Three methods are conducted to produce PMMA;namely, the emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization and bulk polymerization. From these methods;in-situ and in-vivo extremely exothermic reactions of free radical bulk polymerization are used to produce PMMA bone cements. Radical polymerization gives atactic and amorphous PMMA. Also, aseptic loosening is caused by residual monomer which remains unreacted in the body. Free radical polymerization models can describe the bone cement production effectively and are used for quantitative analysis of its synthesis. In this research, bone cement production is mathematically investigated based on multi-cell reactor. Solubility of the pre-polymer powder in the liquid monomer has shown to be the most important variable during the preparation process and that it should be tuned to control the real operation of bone cement production.

关键词： Bone cement PMMA polymerization mathematical model

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Facial Cues for Deception Detection in Virtual Reality Based Communication 2019

Facial Cues for Deception Detection in Virtual Reality Based...

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3rd International conference on Big Data and Internet of Things (BDIOT)

作者： Farizi, Farah Ditha Bangay, Shaun Mckenzie, Sophie Deakin Univ Sch Informat Technol Geelong Vic Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450372466

Deception and deception detection is a part of human communication and needs to be accurately represented in computer mediated communication. In this study deception facial micro-expressions are translated from live human footage onto virtual reality based avatars in order to assess how well these cues can be represented and communicated in a virtual world. The results indicate that human observers are no better at detecting deception in this scenario than in previous experiments. Classification methods identify limitations in accurately representing the expression space. The experimental design does suggest strategies for using virtual reality for more accurately investigating deception practices for future studies.

关键词： Psychology in VR behaviour modelling Computer Mediated Communication in VR Facial Cues

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The simulation models for human pedestrian movement of a departure process in an airport

The simulation models for human pedestrian movement of a dep...

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2018 International conference on Innovation and Intelligence for Informatics, Computing, and Technologies, 3ICT 2018

作者： Bakar, Noor Akma Abu Fauzan, Anis Izzati Ab Majid, Mazlina Abdul Allegra, Mario Fakhreldin, M. Faculty of Computer System and Software Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Malaysia Italian National Research Council CNR Institute for Educational Technology ITD Palermo Italy Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Jazan University Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538692073

The emergence of simulating human movement and behaviour rose in order to imitate and replace human interference with this complex demeanour. It is so diverse and uncontrollable to the extent it is almost impossible to undergo exhaustive experiments. Hence, simulating this model is crucial. Especially in designing a public area where human density is too much concentration and the need for properly planned traffic or human movement is very much needed. For that, simulations and modelling are always the best options for investigating human behaviour. In this research work, the aim is to investigate how effective and to what extent the Agent-Based Simulation (ABS), Discrete Event Simulation (DES) and hybrid of both give benefits to the society adequately. Its expected results will be an improved and better version of human pedestrian movement in the airport of the departure process simulation model. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Discrete event simulation

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modelling and Validation of Full Vehicle Model based on a Novel Multibody Formulation

Modelling and Validation of Full Vehicle Model based on a No...

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Annual conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Alberto Parra Dionisio Cagigas Asier Zubizarreta Antonio Joaquin Rodriguez Pablo Prieto Tecnalia Research & Innovation Automotive Area Derio Spain Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) University of La Coruña Laboratorio de Ingeniería Mecánica Ferrol Spain

Nowadays, the growing functionalities implemented on vehicles make the simulation phase much more important in the design process. For that purpose, a representative model is required, as it allows to reproduce the exact behaviour of the vehicle, and reduce not only the time required for its setup and testing, but also the cost related to these. Due to this, the development of accurate vehicle models has become one of the main areas of interest for the automotive industry. In this work a 16 DOF (degree of freedom) full vehicle model is presented. This model is based on multibody formulation combined with an appropriate solver for real-time execution. In order to validate this model, data from a real test vehicle has been used, comparing the real dynamic response of the vehicle to the one provided by the developed dynamic model. Results show that the presented approach represents effectively the behaviour of a real vehicle, both in longitudinal and lateral terms.

关键词： Vehicle dynamics Computational modeling Wheels mathematical model Suspensions Data models Axles

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modelling of the human Body Under the Exposure to Recumbent Whole-body Vibration

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IOP conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期815卷

作者： L K Lucas Y H Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FOET) Tunku Abdul Rahman University College (TARUC)

human is exposed to whole-body vibration either in sitting, standing or recumbent position. Many studies had been carried out to study the vibration responses and develop the mathematical modelling in sitting and standing vertical position. According to previous studies, the resonant frequencies of the human body were identified to be in the range of 4-6 Hz and 8-12 Hz in the vertical position. Recumbent whole-body vibration also plays an important role as many situations in our everyday life are related to recumbent whole-body vibrations such as riding a train, ambulance transporting a patient or even sleeping. However, the studies of recumbent whole-body vibration are very lacking. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to develop a mathematical model to identify the response when a human body is subjected to recumbent whole-body vibrations. In this study, a nine degree of freedom mathematical model was developed, and the responses of the body were analyzed using Matlab Simulink. The overall resonant frequency of the body was found to be 1.4 Hz. Meanwhile, the head and neck had two resonant frequencies, which were 1.3 and 3.28 Hz for the head, and 1.4 and 3.4 Hz for the neck. This newly developed mathematical model can be used as a fundamental model to predict the response of any recumbent whole-body vibration.

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The PVAD Algorithm to Learn Partial-Value Variable Associations with Application to modelling for engineering Retention

The PVAD Algorithm to Learn Partial-Value Variable Associati...

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9th Vienna International conference on mathematical modelling (MATHMOD)

作者： Ye, Nong Fok, Ting Yan Wang, Xin Collofello, James Dickson, Nancy Arizona State Univ Tempe AZ 85287 USA

Existing data analytic techniques are mostly based on building the same one model of variable relations over the full ranges of all variable values, although relations of variables may exist only for certain values of variables or different relations exist for different values of variables. This paper presents the Partial-Value Association Discovery (PVAD) algorithm which discovers variable relations/associations that exist in partial ranges of variable values from large amounts of data in a computationally efficient way. The PVAD algorithm allows building a structural model of partial- and full-value variable associations in multiple layers that captures individual and interactive effects of multiple variables by learning from data. The application of the PVAD algorithm to the analysis of engineering student data for engineering retention is also presented. (C) 2018, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： variable association interactive effects of variables multi-layer model engineering education and retention

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modelling of driver's steering behaviour control in emergency collision avoidance by using focused time delay neural network 1

Modelling of driver's steering behaviour control in emergenc...

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1st International conference on Information and Communications Technology, ICOIACT 2018

作者： Hassan, Nurhaffizah Zamzuri, Hairi Ariff, Mohd Hatta Mohammad Vehicle System Engineering Research Laboratory Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology University Teknologi Malaysia Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra Kuala Lumpur54100 Malaysia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Dungun Terengganu23000 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538609545

This paper presents a modelling approach of human driving behavior in emergency rear-end collision avoidance focusing on steering maneuver. The target scenario is set up under real experimental environment and the naturalistic data from the experiment are collected. Dynamic Artificial Neural Network which is Focused Time Delay Neural Network (FTDNN) is used to model drivers steering behaviour. From the obtain results, it can be concluded that the FTDNN model able to simulate drivers steering maneuver in rear-end collision avoidance with the accuracy of which the coefficient determination is 99% (0.99). With further study, this model would beneficial to design motion control strategy to improve Advance Driver Assistance System (ADAS) in collision avoidance system. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Neural network models

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Open source implementation of a user material subroutine for composite materials 11

Open source implementation of a user material subroutine for...

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11th South African conference on Computational and Applied Mechanics, SACAM 2018

作者： Botha, Natasha Inglis, Helen M. Meiring Naude Avenue Brummeria Pretoria0084 South Africa Department of Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Built Environment and Information Technology University of Pretoria Lynnwood Road Hatfield Pretoria0028 South Africa

The modeling and simulation of composite materials requires the incorporation of anisotropic material models, as well as appropriate failure criteria or damage models. This was normally done by developing in-house codes or writing additional programs to accompany existing finite element (FE) software. However, in recent years the ability to model and simulate the complex composite behaviour in commercial FE software packages has matured. That said, even commercial FE software has a limited range of failure criteria, damage models and degradation laws to choose from. Using open source FE packages, such as Calculix, to analyse complex behaviour of composite materials requires considerably more user interventions. One of the only options is to define multiple materials to build the composite or use a composite shell element, but the software provides no method to initiate a progressive failure and damage analysis which is required to accurately simulate composite material behaviour. From a research perspective, new contributions in this field are made by either developing new progressive damage models (with various modes of failure and damage) for composite materials or by implementing existing models through a user subroutine in a commercial or open source environment. A user subroutine allows for the customisation of the FE software by easily adding new material models, behaviour laws, boundary conditions, etc. without having to fully understand the complex structure and flow of the underlying FE code. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the open source implementation of a composite material model by making use of the user subroutine to add material models (UMAT) not already available. The process for implementing a UMAT in the open source software package Calculix is first established as an example for other users. The first step is therefore to develop a UMAT for a simple material model which is already available in the FE package. The implementation process i

关键词： Finite element method

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Numerical analysis of a vibro-impact system with ideal and non-ideal excitation

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Journal of Physics: conference Series 2021年第1期1730卷

作者： Dzanko Hajradinovic Miodrag Zukovic Ivana Kovacic Department of Mechanics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Sarajevo Vilsonovo setaliste 9 Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Centre for Vibro-Acoustic Systems and Signal Processing Faculty of Technical Sciences University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia

This study is concerned with modelling and analyses of a vibro-impact system consisting of a crank-slider mechanism and one oscillator attached to it, where the system can be exposed to ideal or non-ideal excitation. The impact occurs during the motion of the oscillator when it hits a base, and the excitation of the driving source is affected by this behaviour. The aim is to determine the interaction between a driving torque and the motion of the oscillator. To achieve this aim in a methodologically sound manner, both vibro-impact systems with ideal and non-ideal excitation are analysed. For these system differential equations are formed and the impact model is provided in the paper. The impact causes a strong nonlinearity in the system. The mathematical model of the vibro-impact system with ideal excitation is presented as a second order differential equation where the vibro-impact system with non-ideal excitation is given as a coupled system of nonlinear second order differential equations. Numerical simulations are carried out for the two systems and the results obtained are shown in terms of frequency response diagrams as well as in terms of time-displacement diagrams. The results found for different systems are compared mutually, and the differences between them are pointed out. Impact solutions for different regions of the excitation frequency are shown. For a specific value of the excitation frequency in the frequency response diagram where multiple solutions are found, basin of attractor diagrams are formed. Average value of the excitation frequency is used for the vibro-impact system with non-ideal excitation.

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