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43rd Annual conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2017

作者： Chaudhari, Kalpesh Fabian, Su Piao Sen Kandasamy, Nandha Kumar Ukil, Abhisek Gooi, H.B. Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore University of Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781538611272

Large scale adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) would significantly increase the overall electricity demand of the power distribution networks. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive planning of charging infrastructure in order to prevent power failures or scenarios where there is a considerable demand-supply mismatch. Accurately predicting the realistic charging demand of energy storage systems (ESS) used in EVs is an essential part of the infrastructure planning. Charging demand of ESS used in EVs is affected by several factors such as driver behavior, location of charging stations and electricity pricing. In order to implement the optimal charging infrastructure, it is important to consider all the crucial factors that affect the charging demand of ESS in EVs. Several studies have modelled and simulated the charging demand of individual as well as group of EVs. However, in many cases the models did not include factors that deal with the social characteristics of EV drivers, while the others did not emphasise on the economic elements. This paper aims to evaluate the effects of above factors on the EV charging demand using a simulation model. Agent-based approach using NetLogo is employed in this study to closely mimic the human crowd behaviour and its influence on the load demand due to charging of ESS used in EVs. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Behavioral research

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On random spatial distribution of active crowds on grandstands and their effects on dynamic response

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Procedia engineering 2017年 199卷 2838-2843页

作者： Jiří Máca Ondřej Rokoš Department of Mechanics Faculty of Civil Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Thákurova 7 166 29 Prague 6 Czech Republic

Active spectators on grandstands can induce wide palette of loads ranging from hand-clapping or swaying to bobbing or synchronized jumping. Each of these loads may differ in its intensity, frequency range, and level of synchronization. All these aspects render the process of predicting the behaviour and performance of grandstands difficult, requiring proper modelling techniques. Although grandstands themselves can be successfully modelled by finite element method, the situation with human-induced loading is less transparent, and mathematical description of load have evolved over the years from equivalent static load through deterministic approximations in time and frequency domain to Monte Carlo (MC) generators. In this contribution, the most intensive kind of human activity exercised on grandstands—synchronized jumping—is focused on. In particular, the response of grandstands loaded by jumping active crowds that are randomly distributed in space is investigated. For simplicity, no passive spectators are considered. Two modelling approaches are used. First, direct MC simulation provides a reference solution. Second, a semi-analytical formulation employing theory of random processes provides response estimates and simplifying formulas. Finally, both approaches are demonstrated and compared on a simple example.

关键词： grandstands active crowd jumping random spatial distribution dynamic response

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Characterizing spatial construction processes: Toward computational tools to understand cognition 39

Characterizing spatial construction processes: Toward comput...

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39th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Computational Foundations of Cognition, CogSci 2017

作者： Cortesa, Cathryn S. Jones, Jonathan D. Hager, Gregory D. Khudanpur, Sanjeev Shelton, Amy L. Landau, Barbara Department of Cognitive Science 3400 N. Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 3400 N. Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Computer Science 3400 N. Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218 United States School of Education 2800 N. Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780991196760

Spatial construction-creating or copying spatial arrangements-is a hallmark of human spatial cognition. Spatial construction appears early in development, predicts later spatial and mathematical skills, and is used throughout life. Despite its importance, we know little about the cognitive processes underlying skilled construction. Construction tasks are highly complex but analyses have tended to focus on broad-stroke measures of end-goal accuracy. In this paper we introduce a novel behavioral coding formalism to characterize an individual's entire construction process, examine many individuals' processes in aggregate, and summarize patterns that emerge. The results show high consistency at certain points occurring throughout the construction, but also indicate flexibility in the interim paths that lead to and diverge from these points. Our approach offers a new method that can more precisely describe the behavioral patterns observed during construction in order to reveal the underlying cognitive processes engaged, and capture individual differences in building expertise. © CogSci 2017.

关键词： Construction

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mathematical modelling and Analysis of human Arm as a Triple Pendulum System using Euler – Lagragian Model

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IOP conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2018年第1期413卷

作者： Michael C. Agarana Esther T. Akinlabi Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg South Africa. Department of Mathematics Covenant University Nigeria.

This study attempts to model the human arm as a dynamical triple pendulum system. The equation of motion of te human arm was obtained using Euler-Lagrange equation. The resulted second order differential equation was solved analytically. Simulated results were presented with the aid of a computer software – Maple. It was observed that the angular displacement values of the three segments are directly proportional to their respective angular acceleration, which is in the modelling and analysis of human arm motion as a multiple pendulum system. Generally, the longer the segments of the human arm the longer it takes to swing back and forth, and the fewer back-and-forth swings there are in a second.

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In vitro lifespan and senescent behaviour of human eriosteal derived stem cells

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BONE 2016年 88卷 1-12页

作者： Vozzi, Giovanni Lucarini, Guendalina Dicarlo, Manuela Andreoni, Chiara Salvolini, Eleonora Ferretti, Concetta Mattioli-Belmonte, Monica Univ Pisa Fac Engn Res Ctr E Piaggio Largo Lucio Lazzarino 2 I-56126 Pisa Italy Univ Politecn Marche Dept Clin & Mol Sci Via Tronto 10-a I-60126 Ancona Italy

Periosteum derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) represent promising mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for skeletal regeneration and to test bone cell based tissue engineering strategies. Most of regenerative medicine approaches based on MSCs require a noteworthy amount of cells that must be expanded in vitro prior to their use. As culture expansion method may impact on cell behaviour, we assessed the replicative and metabolic capacity (nitric oxide production and glucose consumption), senescence hallmarks of PDPCs serially passaged as well as the expression of selected genes specifically related to early osteoblastic differentiation, bone remodelling and stemness during PDPC sequential passaging. We also scouted a Systems Biology approach to examine and elucidate the experimental results through mathematical modelling and in silico simulations. PDPC subculture led to a progressive proliferative decline but, despite this, PDPCs maintained almost constant their metabolic activity. In vitro, senescent PDPCs displayed the typical "replicative senescence" features, involving p16 and not p53 in the regulation of this phenomenon. Gene expression analysis evidenced the tendency of sub-cultured PDPCs to increase the expression of genes involved in bone resorption. The mathematical analysis of the experimental results showed a strict similarity between replicative senescence and age-related changes, enabling the definition of an in silico model mimicking PDPC behaviour in terms of nitric oxide (NO) production. The relationship between NO production and subculture passages could represent a cutting edge "replicative senescence index". Overall, our findings suggest the possibility to use early-passage PDPCs for bone regenerative approaches based on the local recruitment of stem cells, whilst the later cell passages could be a suitable in vitro tool to validate scaffolds intended for bone regeneration in elderly subjects. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Periosteal cells Replicative senescence NO Ki67 qRT-PCR mathematical modelling

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Electric vehicles and low-voltage grid: Impact of uncontrolled demand side response 24

Electric vehicles and low-voltage grid: Impact of uncontroll...

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24th International conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution, CIRED 2017

作者： Hattam, Laura Greetham, Danica Vukadinovic Haben, Stephen Roberts, David Centre for the Mathematics of Human Behaviour Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Reading Whiteknights Reading United Kingdom Mathematical Institute University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom EA Technology Smart Interventions Chester United Kingdom

The authors are looking at the impact of electric vehicles (EV) charging from low-voltage (LV) networks. Based on the data obtained from two different pilot projects: (i) Mini-E trial where EV users were incentivised to charge during the night;(ii) My Electric Avenue trial, where there were no similar incentives, authors want to quantify the impact of EV charging, presuming that the number of home-charging EV users will increase significantly in the near future. By assuming that the current load at individual household level is known or inferred, simulations are performed to estimate the future load. The authors look at different percentages of EV uptake and model clustered scenarios, where the social networking effect is imposed - users adopt an EV with a higher probability if their neighbour already has one. Simulations demonstrate that incentivising night-time charging can create large new peaks during the night, which could have negative effects on LV networks. On the other hand, simulations based on the data with no incentives shows that naturally occurring diversity in charging behaviour does not automatically result in comparable network stress at the same penetrations. © 2017 The Institution of engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vehicle-to-grid

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Thermal modelling for demand response of residential buildings

Thermal modelling for demand response of residential buildin...

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Australasian Universities Power engineering conference, AUPEC

作者： Baoxiang Du Gregor Verbic John Fletcher School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538626481;9781538626474

Energy storage is considered as the dominant factor for the conventional grid to transition into smart grid. The current energy storage technologies have deficits in efficiency, flexibility and are not environmentally friendly. Researchers have proposed to use thermal mass of residential buildings as a medium for storing energy by modifying the behaviour of air-conditioning system. This paper presents a view on the proposed energy storage medium, thermal mass. From simulating the performance of building thermal elements using RC network representation, the possibility of adapting thermal inertia as a means of energy storage is evaluated. With analysis based on a variety of renewable energy generation and demand profile, an optimized material selection is made to further improve the efficiency of the system.

关键词： mathematical model Buildings Thermal resistance Atmospheric modeling Meteorology Computational modeling

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A mathematical Model Development for the Lateral Collapse of Octagonal Tubes

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Journal of Physics: conference Series 2018年第1期995卷

作者： M Ghazali Kamardan Suliadi Sufahani M Z M. Othman Norziha Che-Him Kamil Khalid Rozaini Roslan Maselan Ali A M A. Zaidi Department of Mathematics and Statistic Faculty of Science Technology and Human Development University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Batu Pahat Johor Malaysia Faculty of Engineering National Defence University of Malaysia 54000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Many researches has been done on the lateral collapse of tube. However, the previous researches only focus on cylindrical and square tubes. Then a research has been done discovering the collapse behaviour of hexagonal tube and the mathematic model of the deformation behaviour had been developed [8]. The purpose of this research is to study the lateral collapse behaviour of symmetric octagonal tubes and hence to develop a mathematical model of the collapse behaviour of these tubes. For that, a predictive mathematical model was developed and a finite element analysis procedure was conducted for the lateral collapse behaviour of symmetric octagonal tubes. Lastly, the mathematical model was verified by using the finite element analysis simulation results. It was discovered that these tubes performed different deformation behaviour than the cylindrical tube. Symmetric octagonal tubes perform 2 phases of elastic - plastic deformation behaviour patterns. The mathematical model had managed to show the fundamental of the deformation behaviour of octagonal tubes. However, further studies need to be conducted in order to further improve on the proposed mathematical model.

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modelling Crowd behaviour During Emergency Evacuation: A Proposed Framework 4

Modelling Crowd Behaviour During Emergency Evacuation: A Pro...

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3rd International conference On Advanced Informatics - Concepts, Theory And Application (ICAICTA)

作者： Zakaria, Wahida Yusof, Umi Kalsom Univ Sains Malaysia Sch Comp Sci Usm 11800 Pulau Pinang Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781509016365

Emergency often create panic and stress in crowd. The human emotional transition between normal to panic state is due to extreme event which is beyond control. In the past, crowd behavior models for emergency evacuation being studied are aircraft emergency evacuation, emotional ant based, behavior based real time evacuation and many more which is related to the behavior and life like. They are different types of approached used to model crowd to be the same as the real world such as mathematical and heuristic approaches. mathematical approach is accurate however in modelling human behaviour which is complex in terms of behavior (emotions), cognitive and appraisal, heuristic approach is preferred. In defining human behavior (emotions) in a real world, fuzzy logic approach is chosen to be incorporated into an intelligent agent based on emotions and stress theory. Within this paper we intend to outline our proposed model with extracting data from the real world video into fuzzy rules in producing real life crowd evacuation modelling.

关键词： Fuzzy inference

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Air permeability of balsa core, and its influence on defect formation in resin infused sandwich laminates 21

Air permeability of balsa core, and its influence on defect ...

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21st International conference on Composite Materials, ICCM 2017

作者： Cullen, Richard K. Grove, Stephen M. Summerscales, John School of Engineering Plymouth University PlymouthPL4 8AA United Kingdom

Many large composite structures are manufactured using sandwich laminates to achieve high specific bending strength and stiffness. For wind turbine blades, the self-weight becomes increasingly important as blade size increases. Resin infusion of three-dimensional sandwich laminates can result in complex flow paths, and subsequent defect formation is difficult to predict. The core material used for sandwich construction and its interaction with liquid resins may also influence the formation of defects. In the case of balsa, this effect can be used to reduce defect severity. This paper considers the effect of cored sandwich laminate construction on the formation of defects. The primary focus is the characterisation of commonly used core materials and their interaction with liquid resin under high vacuum conditions. For balsa core, experiments indicate that the available pore space can act as a sink for trapped air, which can aid the reduction of defects when multiple flow fronts converge due to the complex flow paths in sandwich laminates. Empirical data for air absorption and desorption rates in balsa core were obtained using a custom-designed experiment. Using these data, a theoretical model was developed that can indicate available pore space, which in turn informs optimum processing conditions, such as time under vacuum. The diffusion coefficients obtained for air absorption and desorption in balsa are very similar, and lie in the middle of published ranges for hard woods at around 2 × 10-7 m2/s. The methodology developed represents actual behaviour of air absorption/desorption during resin infusion, whilst other techniques do not, merely measuring diffusion of air through a sample while not allowing for finite pore space. In consequence, infusion strategies can be planned more precisely because the core/resin interaction is better understood. Knit line defect formation could be predicted with greater accuracy with suitably modified flow-modelling programs. © 2017

关键词： Balsa Core materials Resin infusion RIFT

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