Piezoceramic actuators are used in tandem with conventional actuator to design control laws for a Timoshenko slewing beam. The equations are presented in an abstract first order form. Feedback laws are obtained in the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819420905
Piezoceramic actuators are used in tandem with conventional actuator to design control laws for a Timoshenko slewing beam. The equations are presented in an abstract first order form. Feedback laws are obtained in the context of LQR theory. Convergent functional gains are obtained and time responses of the closed loop system are presented. It is shown that the piezoceramic actuators can significantly enhance the closed-loop response of the system.
Neural network based predictive control for random vibration suppression has been demonstrated on a cantilevered beam with bonded piezoelectric actuators and sensors. This real time system is run on a 60 MHz Pentium p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819420905
Neural network based predictive control for random vibration suppression has been demonstrated on a cantilevered beam with bonded piezoelectric actuators and sensors. This real time system is run on a 60 MHz Pentium processor and is considered a stepping stone to both adaptive flutter suppression and buffet load alleviation in advanced aerospace vehicle. An extended neural control system using Intel/Nestor's ETANN analog neural network chip is discussed. Generalized neural predictive control uses a neural network based model of a system to make predictions about the effect of future control signals on the response of the system. These predictions can be used with a tailored performance index to determine the optimal control signal for the modeled system. A comparison of this approach with both PID and pole placement control methods shows ease of implementation comparable to that of the PID controller with the approximate performance of the pole placement method. The advantages of neural control over conventional control techniques include a simpler and more cost effective design methodology as well as the capability to learn on-line the time varying nature of a system due to wear, loss of actuators, or other causes.
Thanks to the recent advances in control of structures by distributed piezoelectric elements, the concept of independent control and sensing of the structural modes has reemerged in the published literature. In partic...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819420905
Thanks to the recent advances in control of structures by distributed piezoelectric elements, the concept of independent control and sensing of the structural modes has reemerged in the published literature. In particular, to this end, piezoelectric orthogonal actuators and sensors have been introduced. On the other hand, Independent Modal-Space control (IMSC) of distributed-parameter-system (DPS) is a well-known approach advocated by the author and his associates throughout the past two decades. In the 1980's it has been shown by its proponents that the IMSC method ultimately represents a globally optimal distributed-control and distributed-sensing approach to structural control. Piezoelectric elements are not exception to the general theoretical concepts of distributed-control and sensing of DPS's via the IMSC method. By a constructive theoretical approach, it is shown in this paper that the recent results characterized by the phrases `independent modal control' and `orthogonal actuators and sensors' constitute precise piezoelectric realizations of the IMSC method of the author and his past associates, almost two decades after its introduction.
The proceedings contains 164 papers. Following topics are discussed: biological materials;intelligent composites and health monitoring;smart composites and optical fibers;smart sensors and systems;electro- and magneto...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819421650
The proceedings contains 164 papers. Following topics are discussed: biological materials;intelligent composites and health monitoring;smart composites and optical fibers;smart sensors and systems;electro- and magnetorheologic fluids;polymers and polymeric gels for smart systems;shape memory alloys and adaptive materials;smart systems using piezoelectric sensors and applications;vibration and sound control;intelligent processing;mathematics for smart materials and structures;and smart technology applications.
Many piezo actuators can be used without increasing costs and weights of corresponding control system with common control command. Piezo actuator configurations which maximizes degrees of controllability are obtained ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819421650
Many piezo actuators can be used without increasing costs and weights of corresponding control system with common control command. Piezo actuator configurations which maximizes degrees of controllability are obtained using genetic algorithms, general optimizers. Optimal placement of piezo actuators is determined for a cantilevered plate, and it is observed that actuator pattern is closely related to the phase of modal control force of each actuator.
A finite element approach has been used to model phase transitions in electro-mechanically coupled material. The approach is applicable to modeling a broad range of material behavior, including repolarizations in ferr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819420905
A finite element approach has been used to model phase transitions in electro-mechanically coupled material. The approach is applicable to modeling a broad range of material behavior, including repolarizations in ferroelectrics as well as ferroelectric-antiferroelectric phase transitions in electroceramics such as lead lanthanum zirconate stannate titanate. A 3D 8 node element with nodal displacement and voltage degrees of freedom has been formulated using standard isoparametric shape functions. The elements utilize nonlinear constitutive relations for more accurate representation of material response at high electric fields. The phase/polarization state of the material is represented by internal variables in each element, which are updated at each simulation step based on phenomenological model. The model reproduces strain and electric displacement hysteresis loops observed in the material. The approach allows modeling of complex actuator geometries subject to non-uniform electric fields. An a sample application, the response of a piezoelectric wafer with interdigitated electrodes is analyzed. Such a geometry leads to stresses arising from non-uniform poling in the sample which can be computed using the finite element model.
An old-rooted endeavour of man, i.e. fabrication of material and structures taking inspiration from nature, is again actively pursued under a renewed name: biomimesis. This approach, once belonging to the realm of bio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819421650
An old-rooted endeavour of man, i.e. fabrication of material and structures taking inspiration from nature, is again actively pursued under a renewed name: biomimesis. This approach, once belonging to the realm of biological sciences, is based on the observation that, when one tries to embody our recognition criteria for biological organisms in an explicit list, nothing can be found on that list that cannot be mimicked by some inorganic system. Hence, a large variety of artifacts can be made, all possessing, to some extent, life-like features. Biomimetic arguments are today common reasoning in experimental studies about `origin-of-life' and in `advanced robotics'; a relatively new entry pertains to the area of `material science'.
This conference proceedings contains 51 papers on mathematics and control in smartstructures. The main topics are: physical modeling of material behavior;control methods for active systems;optimization methods;microm...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819417912
This conference proceedings contains 51 papers on mathematics and control in smartstructures. The main topics are: physical modeling of material behavior;control methods for active systems;optimization methods;micromechanical modeling;finite element modeling of active systems.
In this work, the problem of optimal placement of piezoelectric actuators along a flexible structure is considered. The design goal is to optimize the actuators' performance in vibration suppression of a beam cant...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819417912
In this work, the problem of optimal placement of piezoelectric actuators along a flexible structure is considered. The design goal is to optimize the actuators' performance in vibration suppression of a beam cantilevered on one end to a rotating hub. First the control problem is presented as an infinite-dimensional linear quadratic regulator problem. Then an approximation framework based on a Legendre polynomials based Galerkin method for approximating the control system is developed. Two different approximate performance measures that are based on the LQR cost function are considered and numerical examples are presented to illustrate efficacy of each measure.
Ferroelectric crystals are widely used for manufacturing smart actuators owing to their strong electromechanical coupling effect and the prompt response to the applied electric fields. Many ferroelectric actuators are...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819417912
Ferroelectric crystals are widely used for manufacturing smart actuators owing to their strong electromechanical coupling effect and the prompt response to the applied electric fields. Many ferroelectric actuators are operated under cyclic loading conditions. The cyclic-loading strengths of these materials are, however, substantially lower than their monotonic-loading strengths. It has been observed that the macroscopic properties of these materials deteriorate after a large number of cycles of the applied electric field. This is the so-called electric fatigue. Recent experimental investigations suggest that microcracking may be the major cause of electric fatigue. The authors investigated the interactions of ferroelectric twins with grain boundaries and pre-existing microcracks. They have demonstrated that the stress fields exhibit a power-law singularity at the intersecting points of twinning planes and grain boundaries. This concentration in stresses may initiate microcracks at the intersecting points. They have also shown that the formation of ferroelectric twins at a pre-existing crack tip results in stronger singularities of the stress and electric fields than the common (root)r-singularity. This indicates that the interaction between the ferroelectric twins and the microcracks may promote crack growth.
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