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IEEE GLOBECOM 2007 - IEEE Global Telecommunications conference

作者： Bader Al-Manthari Najah Abu Ali Nidal Nasser Hossam Hassanein Telecommunications Research Laboratory School of Computing Queen''s University Kingston ONT Canada College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates University UAE Department of Computing & Information Science University of Guelph Guelph ONT Canada

The emergence of high-speed wireless cellular networks such as high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) and 1x evolution data optimized (1xEV-DO) will enhance the support of existing applications and will enable the development of a wide range of heterogeneous "content rich" multimedia applications that have different quality of service (QoS) requirements. However, due to scare wireless resources and high traffic demands, new resource management techniques are needed in order to satisfy the QoS requirements of the different heterogeneous applications and maximize the network capacity at the same time. In this paper, we propose a novel resource management scheme through packet scheduling for high-speed wireless cellular networks. The proposed scheme utilizes utility and opportunity cost functions to satisfy the needs of mobile users and service providers. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness and potential of our proposed scheme.

关键词： Resource management Telecommunication traffic Wireless networks Quality of service Downlink Scheduling algorithm Land mobile radio cellular systems Multiaccess communication 3G mobile communication Streaming media

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Methods of Memory Optimizations in Streaming Applications

Methods of Memory Optimizations in Streaming Applications

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International conference on Parallel Processing (ICPP)

作者： Nissim Harel Hasnain A. Mandviwala Kath Knobe Umakishore Ramachandran Georgia Institute of Technology USA Intel Corporation USA

Streaming applications are often distributed, manage large quantities of data and, as a result, have large memory requirements. Therefore, efficient garbage collection (GC) is crucial for their performance. On the other hand, not all data items affect the application output due to differences in the processing rates of various application threads. In this paper we propose extending the definition of the garbage identification problem for streaming applications and include not only data items that are not "reachable " but also data items that have no effect on the final outcome of the application. We present four optimizations to an existing GC algorithm in Stampede, a parallel programming system to support interactive multimedia applications. We ask the question how far off these algorithms are from an ideal garbage collector, one in which the memory usage exactly equals the amount required for buffering only the relevant data items. This oracle, while unimplementable, serves as an empirical lower-bound for memory usage. We then propose optimizations that will help us get closer to this lower- bound. Using an elaborate measurement and post-mortem analysis infrastructure, we simulate the performance potential for these optimizations and implement the most promising ones. A color-based people tracking application is used for the performance evaluation. Our results show that these optimizations reduce the memory usage by up to 60%.

关键词： Optimization methods Yarn Memory management Random access memory Streaming media Technology management Parallel programming multimedia systems Performance analysis Analytical models

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An Interactive Video Annotation Frameowrk with Multiple Modalities

An Interactive Video Annotation Frameowrk with Multiple Moda...

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International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Meng Wang Xian-Sheng Hua Yan Song Li-Rong Dai Ren-Hua Wang University of Science and Technology Hefei China Microsoft Research Asia Beijing China

Active learning and semi-supervised learning methods are frequently applied in multimedia annotation tasks in order to reduce human labeling effort. However, in most of these methods only single modality is applied. This paper presents an interactive video annotation framework, which is based on semi-supervised learning and active learning with multiple multimodalities. In the proposed framework, unlabeled samples are iteratively selected to be annotated manually according to certain strategy which has taken the potentials of different modalities into account, and then a graph-based semi-supervised learning algorithm is conducted on each modality. This process repeats for several rounds, and the results obtained from multiple modalities are then fused to generate final output. The proposed framework is computationally efficient, and the experimental results on TRECVID 2005 benchmark show that the proposed framework considerably outperforms previous approaches.

关键词： Semisupervised learning Learning systems Labeling Asia Humans Iterative algorithms Video sequences content based retrieval Training data Degradation

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Real-Time Commercial Recognition Using Color Moments and Hashing

Real-Time Commercial Recognition Using Color Moments and Has...

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Canadian conference on Computer and Robot Vision, CRV

作者： Abhishek Shivadas John M. Gauch Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Kansas USA

In this paper, our focus is on real-time commercial recognition. In particular, our goal is to correctly identify all commercials that are stored in our commercial database within the first second of their broadcast. To meet this objective, we make use of 27 color moments to characterize the content of every video frame. This representation is much more compact than most color histogram representations, and it less sensitive to noise and other distortion. We use frame-level hashing with subsequent matching of moment vectors and video frames to perform commercial recognition. Hashing provides constant time access to millions of video frames, so this approach can perform in real-time for databases containing thousands of commercials. In our experiments with a database of 63 commercials, we achieved 96% recall, 100% precision, and 98% utility while recognizing commercials within the first 1/2 second of their broadcast.

关键词： Histograms Gunshot detection systems Databases Colored noise Video sequences Videoconference Computer vision Frequency multimedia communication Broadcasting

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Unwanted SMTP Paths and Relays

Unwanted SMTP Paths and Relays

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International conference on Communication systems Software and Middleware (COMSWARE)

作者： Srikanth Palla Ram Dantu Department of Computer Science University of North Texas Denton TX USA

Based on the social interactions of an email user, incoming email traffic can be divided into different categories such as, telemarketing, Opt-in family members and friends. Due to a lack of knowledge in the different categories, most of the existing spam filters are prone to high false positives and false negatives. Moreover, a majority of the spammers obfuscate their email content inorder to circumvent the content-based spam filters. However, they do not have access to all the fields in the email header. Our classification method is based on the path traversed by email (instead of content analysis) since we believe that spammers cannot forge all the fields in the email header. We based our classification on three kinds of analyses on the header: i) EndToEnd path analysis, which tries to establish the legitimacy of the path taken by an email and classifies them as either spam or non-spam; ii) Relay analysis, which verifies the trustworthiness of the relays participating in the relaying of emails; iii) Emails wantedness analysis, which measure the recipients wantedness of the senders emails. We use the IMAP message status flags such as, message has been read, deleted, answered, flagged, and draft as an implicit feed back from the user in Emails wantedness analysis. Finally we classify the incoming emails as i) socially close (such as, legitimate emails from family, and friends), ii) socially distinct emails from strangers, iii) spam emails (for example, emails from telemarketers, and spammers) and iv) opt-in emails. Based on the relation between spamminess of the path taken by spam emails and the unwantedness values of the spammers, we classify spammers as i) prospective spammers, ii) suspects, iii) recent spammers and iv) serial spammers. Overall, our method resulted in far less false positives compared to current filters like SpamAssassin. We achieved a precision of 98.65% which is better than the precisions achieved by SPF and DNSBL blacklists.

关键词： Relays Filters Unsolicited electronic mail Computer science multimedia communication Counterfeiting Web page design Credit cards Information security Legislation

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Certified e-mail over digital terrestrial television

Certified e-mail over digital terrestrial television

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International conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM)

作者： G. Rascioni S. Spinsante E. Gambi C. Alfonsi D.E.I.T. Università Politecnica delle Marche Ancona Italy Regione Marche P.F. Informatica Via Tiziano 44 60125 Ancona Italy

Electronic mail service, better known as e-mail, is probably the most widespread asynchronous way of exchanging data among people, thanks to its immediacy and easiness of use. In the framework of e-mail services, ensuring a valid identity has become a vital step in stopping spam, fraud and even more serious crimes; to this aim, Certified e-mail (CE) systems have been developed. Digital Terrestrial Television has introduced new communication facilities: the availability of commercial Set Top Boxes equipped with network interfaces and smart card readers makes it possible to manage user's identification and authentication, that are mandatory for the provisioning of T-government services, like CE. In this paper we discuss the challenges and opportunities of the CE service over Digital Terrestrial Television, and present the case study of the Italian Regione Marche, in which this service is implemented to support the remote request of certificates issued by the local Regional Administration. User authentication and secure access to the administrative services are addressed through the use of a regional service card (RSC), managed by means of a suited interactive application, and a centralized authentication framework.

关键词： Electronic mail TV Authentication US Department of Transportation Smart cards Network interfaces content management Radio spectrum management multimedia systems Senior citizens

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A multimedia traffic modeling framework for simulation-based performance evaluation studies

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COMPUTER NETWORKS 2006年第12期50卷 2071-2087页

作者： Golaup, Assen Aghvami, Hamid Kings Coll London Ctr Telecommun Res London WC2B 5RL England

The emergence of high-speed communication systems has enabled the support of complex multimedia applications. The traffic patterns generated by such applications are likely to be more complicated than those of simple voice and data traffic sources. Source traffic models are very important in the performance evaluation of traffic control algorithms in communications networks. In this paper, a multimedia traffic modeling framework is presented. The framework dissociates the traffic generated by a multimedia application into a number of basic components and derives a traffic model for each component. These components are then integrated into a multimedia traffic source model. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is presented to facilitate the traffic modeling process. These multimedia traffic models can be easily integrated into simulation studies. In order to illustrate the usefulness of the framework. a performance evaluation study of scheduling algorithms for the High Speed Downlink Packet access (HSDPA) feature of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) is presented. It was found that a Cost Function-based scheduling algorithm that takes into account the head-of-line packet delays of all components of the multimedia application achieved a higher average user throughput. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： multimedia traffic modeling simulation HSDPA packet scheduling

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Fast adaptation decision taking for cross-modal multimedia content adaptation

Fast adaptation decision taking for cross-modal multimedia c...

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IEEE International conference on multimedia and Expo (ICME 2006)

作者： Prangl, Martin Hellwagner, Hermann Klagenfurt Univ Dept Informat Technol Univ Str 65-67 A-9020 Klagenfurt Austria Hungarian Acad Sci eLearning Dept Comp & Automat Res Inst H-1111 Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9781424403660

In order to enable transparent and convenient use of multimedia content across a wide range of networks and devices, content adaptation is an important issue within multimedia frameworks. The so called Digital Item Adaptation (DIA) standard is one of the core concepts of the MPEG-21 framework that will support the adaptation of multimedia resources according to device capabilities, underlying network characteristics, and user preferences. Most multimedia adaptation engines for providing Universal multimedia access (UMA) scale the content with respect to terminal capabilities and resource constraints. This paper focuses on the cross-modal adaptation decision taking process considering the user environment and terminal capabilities as well as resource limitations on the server, network, and client side. This approach represents a step toward increased Universal multimedia Experience (UME). Based on four different algorithms for solving this optimization process, we present an evaluation of results gained by running their implementations on different test networks.

关键词： Decision making

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Flexible surveillance system architecture for prototyping video content analysis algorithms

Flexible surveillance system architecture for prototyping vi...

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conference on multimedia content Analysis, Management and Retrieval 2006

作者： Wijnhoven, RGJ Jaspers, EGT de With, PHN Bosch Secur Syst Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)081946113X

Many proposed video content analysis algorithms for surveillance applications are very computationally intensive, which limits the integration in a total system, running on one processing unit (e.g. PC). To build flexible prototyping systems of low cost, a distributed system with scalable processing power is therefore required. This paper discusses requirements for surveillance systems, considering two example applications. From these requirements, specifications for a prototyping architecture are derived. An implementation of the proposed architecture is presented, enabling mapping of multiple software modules onto a number of processing units (PCs). The architecture enables fast prototyping of new algorithms for complex surveillance applications without considering resource constraints.

关键词： surveillance video content analysis middleware distributed computing prototyping requirements

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multimedia streaming over IP with QoS and access control 12

Multimedia streaming over IP with QoS and access control

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12th International conference on Distributed multimedia systems, DMS 2006

作者： Giordano, Massimiliano Polese, Giuseppe Tortora, Genoveffa Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica Università di Salerno Via Ponte Don Melillo FiscianoSA84084 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)1891706195

The paper describes a system to manage the distribution of multimedia content over IP with the support of QoS and fine grained access control. It relies on visual languages to simplify the specification of complex access control and QoS policies in distributed multimedia streaming services. QoS is based on the RSVP protocol, whereas access control is provided based on the RBAC model. In particular, the system translates the visually specified policies into the XACML format, which also embeds the QoS parameters that will be successively used in RSVP negotiations. © 2006 by Knowledge systems Institute Graduate School. All rights reserved.

关键词： access control

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