P2P networks have been proposed as a scalable, inexpensive solution to the problem of distributing multimediacontent over the Internet. Since real P2P systems exhibit considerable heterogeneity in hardware, software ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769524222
P2P networks have been proposed as a scalable, inexpensive solution to the problem of distributing multimediacontent over the Internet. Since real P2P systems exhibit considerable heterogeneity in hardware, software and network connections, the design of P2P streaming networks must factor in this variation. There are two different sources of heterogeneity in P2P networks. Most existing work in the literature handle heterogeneity among receivers and requirements by the use of different multimedia encodings of the same content. In this paper we focus on the problems caused by heterogeneity in the network delays connecting receivers to the sender We assume that there is a single multicast tree and a single video stream. We propose new algorithms for building multicast trees for multimedia streaming in heterogeneous P2P networks. Our algorithms differ in the amount of communication and computational resources they require. We compare the performance (using simulations) of our algorithms with an existing algorithm Zigzag [20, 2 1]. Our results show that two of our algorithms (algorithm FollowTree-Landmark-II and algorithm FollowTree) significantly outperform Zigzag.
Internet-enabled Mobile devices are increasingly used for enhancing the learning experience particularly for language learning. They can be exploited to allow learners to access and interact with multimedia learning r...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467315203
Internet-enabled Mobile devices are increasingly used for enhancing the learning experience particularly for language learning. They can be exploited to allow learners to access and interact with multimedia learning resources from anywhere and at any time while offering an enhanced user experience. There are many systems for English learning such as ***. However there aren't many such mobile learning tools for Arabic. In this context, this paper addresses the need to leverage mobile-supported learning to ease learning Arabic. We report the experience of designing and developing a multimedia m-Learning platform (named ArabicTutor) for interactive learning of Arabic spelling and vocabulary. It uses interactive game-like delivery methods to acquire new linguistic skills in playful manner using the capabilities of modern mobile devices with multitouch technologies. The proposed platform provides an environment of authoring Arabic learning content and delivering it to the end-users in interactive, intuitive and enjoyable way. The learning content is organized into packages that contain a list of word, the different meanings of words with example sentences and multimedia illustrations. The package also contains other related linguistic and morphological information such as parts of speech of example sentences and their diacritization.
Traditional cryptography systems treat every portion of a message (a video, an image, or an audio) equally and encrypt the entire message as a whole. As a result, those security systems often have only two states: acc...
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In order to enable transparent and convenient use of multimediacontent across a wide range of networks and devices, content adaptation is an important issue within multimedia frameworks. The so called Digital Item Ad...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424403660
In order to enable transparent and convenient use of multimediacontent across a wide range of networks and devices, content adaptation is an important issue within multimedia frameworks. The so called Digital Item Adaptation (DIA) standard is one of the core concepts of the MPEG-21 framework that will support the adaptation of multimedia resources according to device capabilities, underlying network characteristics, and user preferences. Most multimedia adaptation engines for providing Universal multimediaaccess (UMA) scale the content with respect to terminal capabilities and resource constraints. This paper focuses on the cross-modal adaptation decision taking process considering the user environment and terminal capabilities as well as resource limitations on the server, network, and client side. This approach represents a step toward increased Universal multimedia Experience (UME). Based on four different algorithms for solving this optimization process, we present an evaluation of results gained by running their implementations on different test networks.
We describe the ideas and results of an applied research project that aims at leveraging the expressive power of semantic web technologies as a server-side backend for mobile applications that provide access to locati...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819499479
We describe the ideas and results of an applied research project that aims at leveraging the expressive power of semantic web technologies as a server-side backend for mobile applications that provide access to location and multimedia data and allow for a rich user experience in mobile scenarios, ranging from city and museum guides to multimedia enhancements of any kind of narrative content, including e-book applications. In particular, we will outline a reusable software architecture for both server-side functionality and native mobile platforms that is aimed at significantly decreasing the effort required for developing particular applications of that kind.
Images are a much more powerful medium of expression than text, as the adage says: "One picture is worth a thousand words." It is because compared with text consisting of an array of words, an image has more...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479334
Images are a much more powerful medium of expression than text, as the adage says: "One picture is worth a thousand words." It is because compared with text consisting of an array of words, an image has more degrees of freedom and therefore a more complicated structure. However, the less limited structure of images presents researchers in the computer vision community a tough task of teaching machines to understand and organize images, especially when a limit number of learning examples and background knowledge are given. The advance of internet and web technology in the past decade has changed the way human gain knowledge. People, hence, can exchange knowledge with others by discussing and contributing information on the web. As a result, the web pages in the internet have become a living and growing source of information. One is therefore tempted to wonder whether machines can learn from the web knowledge base as well. Indeed, it is possible to make computer learn from the internet and provide human with more meaningful knowledge. In this work, we explore this novel possibility on image understanding applied to semantic image search. We exploit web resources to obtain links from images to keywords and a semantic ontology constituting human's general knowledge. The former maps visual content to related text in contrast to the traditional way of associating images with surrounding text;the latter provides relations between concepts for machines to understand to what extent and in what sense an image is close to the image search query. With the aid of these two tools, the resulting image search system is thus content-based and moreover, organized. The returned images are ranked and organized such that semantically similar images are grouped together and given a rank based on the semantic closeness to the input query. The novelty of the system is twofold: first, images are retrieved not only based on text cues but their actual contents as well;second, the grouping is
The paper describes a system to manage the distribution of multimediacontent over IP with the support of QoS and fine grained access control. It relies on visual languages to simplify the specification of complex acc...
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The amount of digital images taken by the average consumer is consistently increasing. People enjoy the convenience of storing and sharing their pictures through online (digital) and offline (traditional) media. A set...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819479334
The amount of digital images taken by the average consumer is consistently increasing. People enjoy the convenience of storing and sharing their pictures through online (digital) and offline (traditional) media. A set of pictures can be uploaded to: online photo services, web blogs and social network websites. Alternatively, these images can be used to generate: prints, cards, photo books or other photo products. Through uploading and sharing, images are easily transferred from one format to another. And often, a different set of associated content (text, tags) is created across formats. For example, on his web blog, a user may journal his experiences of his recent travel;on his social network website, his friends tag and comment on the pictures;in his online photo album, some pictures are titled and keyword-tagged. When the user wants to tell a complete story, perhaps in a photo book, he must collect, across all formats: the pictures, writings and comments, etc. and organize them in a book format. The user has to arrange the content of his trip in each format. The arrangement, the associations between the images, tags, keywords and text, cannot be shared with other formats. In this paper, we propose a system that allows the content to be easily created and shared across various digital media formats. We define a uniformed data association structure to connect: images, documents, comments, tags, keywords and other data. This content structure allows the user to switch representation formats without reediting. The framework under each format can emphasize (display or hide) content elements based on preference. For example, a slide show view will emphasize the display of pictures with limited text;a blog view will display highlighted images and journal text;and the photo book will try to fit in all images and text content. In this paper, we will discuss the strategy to associate pictures with text content, so that it can naturally tell a story. We will also list sampl
A multimedia object is represented by several kinds of feature vectors which are (semi)-automatically extracted. Therefore, a multimedia information system must employ multiple search and indexing mechanisms due to in...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819429880
A multimedia object is represented by several kinds of feature vectors which are (semi)-automatically extracted. Therefore, a multimedia information system must employ multiple search and indexing mechanisms due to integration of multiple search modalities such as querying for search and for indexing, keywords and other content-based feature vectors extracted from multimedia objects such as color, texture, shape or sketch. However, today there is no indexing method for content based retrieval of such feature combinations and there is an increasing need for multiple-feature indexing in content based multimedia retrieval systems. In this paper, we introduce a new file structure called Spatial Grid File (SGF). This file structure enables to index multimedia objects by different and independent high-dimensional feature vectors. Moreover, with it, complex queries involving combined retrieval can be efficiently performed. It has unique feature in combining set of search modes each having different properties and similarity metrics. The detailed descriptions of SGF and a summary of the results obtained from the experiments are included.
Users desire to use multimedia applications such as browsing WWW and VoD in not only desktop computing environment but also wireless or mobile computing environment. A wireless link, however, is generally poor in qual...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780339061
Users desire to use multimedia applications such as browsing WWW and VoD in not only desktop computing environment but also wireless or mobile computing environment. A wireless link, however, is generally poor in quality to accommodate multimedia communication. We propose a content-based multimedia communication protocol for wireless environment. It adopts the selective transport service according to content-based priority, assigned to each scene of multimedia data, so that a user can get important information even if available bandwidth is insufficient for the multimedia data.
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