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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Nonlinear Image Processing VIII"

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Adaptive LMS FFT-ordered L-filters 8

Adaptive LMS FFT-ordered L-filters

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conference on nonlinear image processing viii

作者： Egiazarian, K Astola, J Atourian, S Gevorkian, D Tampere Univ. of Technology (Finland)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424374

An FFT-ordered L-filter (FFT-LF) has been previously proposed as an alternative to the L-filter. FFT-LF filter is defined as a linear combination of ''FFT-ordered'' inputs which can be considered as outputs of a bank of stack filters formed according to an FFT-like flowchart. It has been shown that FFT-LF's efficiently remove mixed noise (like mixed Gaussian + impulsive). They possess good characteristics of performance and are simple in implementation. The idea of this paper is based On using FFT-LF in adaptive LMS filtering framework. This allows to incorporate advantages of both transform-domain adaptive LMS (TD-LMS) filters and adaptive L-filters into a unified design. We propose a new adaptive filter structure, called adaptive FFT-LF filter which consists of two stages: preprocessing (FFT-ordering and/or a unitary transform) and the LMS algorithm. Many different adaptive filters, in particular, TD-LMS, adaptive (both time and transform domain) L-filters can be realized based on the proposed structure, The range of these filters is efficiently implemented on a unified device.

关键词： adaptive filters nonlinear filters stack filters unitary transforms butterfly-type networks

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nonlinear space-time processing of femtosecond laser pulses

Nonlinear space-time processing of femtosecond laser pulses

引用

conference on Photorefractive Fiber and Crystal Devices - Materials, Optical Properties and Applications viii

作者： Panasenko, D Rokitski, R Marom, DM Mazurenko, Y Sun, PC Fainman, Y Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn San Diego CA 92103 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819445711

We describe various optical techniques for processing and detection of femtosecond laser pulses. Photorefractive and cascaded second order nonlinear wave mixing are used for space-to-time conversion, transforming space domain information into ultrafast temporal waveforms. An inverse operation that transforms a femtosecond pulse sequence into a quasi-stationary spatial image is performed with spectral domain three wave-mixing. We also demonstrate single-shot phase sensitive femtosecond pulse detection with two-photon absorption in a conventional silicon detector array. This approach allows efficient detection of wide-bandwidth ultrafast signals in the wavelength range of 1-2mum.

关键词： nonlinear information processing pulse shaping pulse imaging space-time processes sonogram interferometric correlation two-photon absorption

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Lossless compression of multispectral SPOT images 8

Lossless compression of multispectral SPOT images

引用

conference on nonlinear image processing viii

作者： Mozelle, G Preteux, F Fetita, CI Cabot, F CTR NATL ETUD SPATIALES DEPT QUAL & TRAITEMENT IMAGERIE SPATIALEF-31041 TOULOUSE 4FRANCE

ISBN: (纸本)0819424374

In this paper, we address the problem of lossless multispectral compression of remote-sensing data acquired using SPOT satellites. Compression algorithms have classically two stages: A transformation of the available data and coding. In the first stage, the aim is to express the spectral data as uncorrelated data in an optimal way. In the second stage, the coding is performed via the use of either a Rice or an arithmetic coding. In the first part of this paper, we discuss two well-known schemes, namely predictive technique and S+P transform, for the spatial decorrelation of multispectral SPOT images. Obviously, using only spatial properties is not optimal. However, few works have been carried out to address simultaneously the three intrinsic dimensions of multispectral images. In order to overcome this limitation, we have developed a predictive model based on three 3D-predictors. Compression ratios obtained are presented and discussed. In particular, there is a significant improvement in the compression ratios with respect to lossless compression methods based on spatial decorrelation method.

关键词： lossless multispectral image compression 2D and 3D predictive techniques S+P and wavelets transforms

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Tomographic reconstruction with non-linear diagonal estimators

Tomographic reconstruction with non-linear diagonal estimato...

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conference on Wavelet Applications in Signal and image processing viii

作者： Kalifa, J Laine, A Esser, PD Columbia Univ Dept Biomed Engn New York NY 10027 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819437646

In tomographic reconstruction, the inversion of the Radon transform in the presence of noise is numerically unstable. Reconstruction estimators are studied where the regularization is performed by a thresholding in a wavelet or wavelet packet decomposition. These estimators are efficient and their optimality (minimax sense for bounded variation images) can be established when the decomposition provides a near-diagonalization of the inverse Radon transform operator and a compact representation of the object to be recovered. Several new estimators are investigated in different decompositions. First numerical results already exhibit a strong metrical and perceptual improvement over current reconstruction methods. These estimators are implemented with fast non-iterative algorithms, and are expected to outperform Filtered Back-Projection and iterative procedures for PET, SPECT and X-ray CT devices.

关键词： global tomographic reconstruction wavelets and wavelet packets bounded variation images minimax optimality

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nonlinear image representation with statistical independent features: efficient implementation and applications

Nonlinear image representation with statistical independent ...

引用

conference on Human Vision and Electronic Imaging VII

作者： Valerio, R Navarro, R CSIC Inst Opt Daza Valdes E-28006 Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0819448079

Current models of primary visual cortex (V I) include a linear filtering stage followed by a gain control mechanism that explains some of the nonlinear behavior of neurons. The nonlinear stage has been modeled as a divisive normalization in which each input linear response is half-rectified, squared and then divided by a weighted sum of half-rectified and squared linear responses in a certain neighborhood. Recently, Simoncelli and colleagues have suggested that this normalization reduces the statistical dependence of neuron responses. In this communication, we present an efficient implementation of these ideas as a practical image representation, and suggest some applications. The linear stage is implemented as a four-level orthogonal wavelet decomposition based on Daubechies filters, and the nonlinear normalization stage uses an improved version of Simoncelli's scheme. The normalization parameters are adapted to minimize statistical dependence between the output responses, so that the resulting representation consists of a set of statistically independent features or visual events. Since both linear and non-linear transforms applied can be inverted, this representation can be highly useful in different applications.

关键词： nonlinear image representation schemes divisive normalization models of V1 neurons image analysis and processing

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image compression with adaptive Haar-Walsh tilings

Image compression with adaptive Haar-Walsh tilings

引用

conference on Wavelet Applications in Signal and image processing viii

作者： Lindberg, M Villemoes, LF Abo Akad Univ Dept Math Turku Finland

ISBN: (纸本)0819437646

We perform adaptive joint space and frequency tilings including all levels in the Haar-Walsh wavelet packet tree for two-dimensional signals. The method gives surprisingly good results in terms of nonlinear approximation. The visual quality of the compressed images with this method is the same as the quality using twice the number of coefficients for wavelets and standard wavelet packets when Haar filters are used. When all levels are allowed the cost for description of the location of the winning coefficients is not negligible. A tiling information vector is introduced for description of the chosen basis and the original image can be easily and quickly reconstructed using this information. For image compression this tiling information vector is compressed to only those nodes which correspond to kept coefficients, and this makes the adaptive scheme competitive.

关键词： anisotropic wavelet packets best basis space-frequency transform Haar filter Walsh functions image coding

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A graph structure for image segmentation 8

A graph structure for image segmentation

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conference on nonlinear image processing viii

作者： Jahn, H Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR) Institut für Weltraumsensorik Rudower Chaussee 5 Berlin 12489 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819424374

A unified framework for grey value and texture segmentation has been developed. It makes use of a special graph structure (Feature Similarity Graph-FSG) which is based on a feature similarity criterion and a feature smoothing procedure applied in each layer of the network. The feature similarity criterion reflects the fact (observed in psychophysical investigations of human perception and pre-attentive vision) that not the features themselves but their differences (feature contrast) are responsible for segmentation. Furthermore, it takes also into account that the separability of regions depends on the feature variation inside the regions. The segments are the connected components (or clusters) of the FSG. Therefore, the method can be understood as a clustering or grouping procedure of features. Starting with grey value segmentation (the features are the pixel grey values) one obtains segments which, for textured images, represent texture elements (texels) or parts of texels and background, respectively. The texels can be described by certain features (which can be understood as textons in the sense of Julesz), namely position, orientation, size, grey value or color, and shape descriptors. Studying position, orientation and size, spatial frequency phenomena and important observations made by investigators of human perception can be explained. The method also gives an explanation of the old Gestalt laws of proximity and similarity. Therefore, it can serve as a model for pre-attentive vision. On the other side, as a highly parallel method with local, regional and global processing ability it might be an approach for future technical vision systems. But to demonstrate this, comprehensive work, especially for a proper shape description for pre-attentive vision, is necessary in the future.

关键词： image segmentation edge detection edge preserving smoothing graph networks connected components clustering texture discrimination pre-attentive vision Gestalt laws

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Fuzzy object detection in 3D medical images 8

Fuzzy object detection in 3D medical images

引用

conference on nonlinear image processing viii

作者： Wang, H Zhuang, TG Jiang, DZ Zhang, H Liu, WY Bacelar, A Magnin, IE Gimenez, G Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. (United States) Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. (China) CNRS (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424374

3D images are becoming more popular in the medical field. In order to extract desired objects with uncertainties in 3D images, we proposed a novel method to detect fuzzy boundaries with the aid of fuzzy connectivity relation derived from the theory of fuzzy digital topology. A seed point is interactively selected which is definitely inside the desired object, and is assigned an appropriate membership according to the statistic characteristics in its neighborhood, which is called 'seed region'. Memberships of the other points in the image depend not only on their similarity of greylevel to the seed region, but also on their similarity to adjacent voxels. The later may be calculated from a point to the seed region on the basis of a newly defined concept of fuzzy connectivity. After such transformation, a fuzzy boundary is generated corresponding to a characteristic(seed) edge point that is selected by experiences or according to the requirement of practical applications. Furthermore, we may take use of skeleton extraction to optimize this boundary. Boundaries extracted like this are ensured to be Jordan. Experiments on some ultrasonic images show satisfying results with smoothed, connective and optimal boundaries.

关键词： boundary detection digital topology connectivity fuzzy technology image segmentation

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Segmentation of microscopic images by flooding simulation: A catchment basins merging algorithm 8

Segmentation of microscopic images by flooding simulation: A...

引用

conference on nonlinear image processing viii

作者： deAndrade, MC Bertrand, G Araujo, AA Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (Brazil) Ecole Superieure d'Ingenieurs en (Brazil) Ecole Superieure d'Ingenieurs en Electrotechnique et Electronique (France) Univ. Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424374

This work addresses a catchment basins merging algorithm developed to automate the segmentation of microscopic images, which is directly derived from the traditional non-hierarchical watershed algorithm, The proposed merging algorithm, based on digital topology concepts, employs regional criteria to merge the non-significant minima. It can be classified as a region growing method by flooding simulation, working at the scale of the main structures. The shape of the structures is absolutely irrelevant to the merging process. As a characteristic of the flooding simulation methods, the gray level image is viewed as a relief where each gray level is assigned a height. in the proposed method the relief is always flooded from all its local minima which are progressively detected and merged as the flooding takes place. The catchment basins merging process is guided by two parameters: a depth criterion and an area criterion. This solution suppresses the characteristic over-segmentation of the traditional watershed algorithm enabling the direct segmentation of the original image without the need of a previous pre-processing step. Due to the automatic detection of all local minima there is no need of the explicit marker extraction step often required by other flooding simulation methods. It is shown that this solution produces excellent segmentation results allowing the characterization of several materials from their microscopic images.

关键词： image segmentation watershed algorithm edge detection water-fall algorithm image analysis geodesic reconstruction mathematical morphology digital topology region growing flooding simulation

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Exploiting Iris Dynamics

Exploiting Iris Dynamics

引用

conference on Independent Component Analyses, Wavelets, Neural Networks, Biosystems, and Nanoengineering viii

作者： Hsu, Charles Szu, Harold Trident Syst Inc Fairfax VA 22030 USA US Army Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate Ft Belvoir VA 22060 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819481672

The human iris is a circular curtain over the light entrance pupil, which is controlled directly by the intensity of blue light from photosensitive ganglions in the retina within the eye. The human iris dynamic is remarkable in that it is capable of shrinking concentrically along the radial direction by a factor 4 from 8mm to 2mm, and constantly oscillates in 1/2 second periodicity. Pupil dilation and contraction causes the iris texture to undergo nonlinear deformation with discrete components and minutia features. Thus, iris recognition must be scale invariant due to the pupil dynamics. We propose the Mandelbrot fractal dimension count of minutia iris details at different intensity thresholds, in dilation-invariant wedge-boxes, formed at specific angular sizes, but spatially varying over 4 90 degrees quadrants due to the cellular growth under the gravity. Despite the concentric dynamic, we have sought an invariant fractal dimensionality in the circular direction and discovered the non-isotropic effect, which is a departure from the simple Richardson fractal law. Furthermore, we chose an optimum Rayleigh criterion lambda/D matching the robust fine resolution scale for the given lens aperture D and the illumination wavelength lambda for a potential application from a far distance, with the help of a comprehensive biometric including the iris.

关键词： Iris recognition Eye Retina Fractal analysis Biometrics Iris image processing Cameras Rods Sensors

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