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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Optical Materials and Biomaterials in Security and Defence Systems Technology XIII"

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Near infrared spectroscopy for personal screening

Near infrared spectroscopy for personal screening

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conference on Optics and Photon for Counterterrorism and Crime Fighting VI/optical materials in defence systems technology VII

作者： Canal, Celine M. Saleem, Aamer Green, Roger J. Hutchins, David A. Univ Warwick Sch Engn Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819483560

This paper will demonstrate that near infrared (NIR) signals at wavelengths in the range 0.9 to 2.5 microns can be used for personal screening applications. At these wavelengths, there is sufficient spectral information to provide chemical identification, while still providing transmission through many types of common clothing materials. Thus, chemical identification in diffuse reflection is possible. Initial measurements on selected clothing materials have indicated that there is sufficient transmission to allow NIR spectra from concealed chemicals to be collected. The effect of the clothing material on the observed spectra has also been quantified. The clothing materials ranged from cotton to man-made fibres. Spectra have been collected at stand-off distances of several metres or more, using a suitable lens system and an NIR spectrometer. The optics required to achieve this will be described, and some spectra from chemicals hidden behind clothing will be presented. The further steps necessary to provide correct identification of chemicals such as ammonium nitrate in granular form will also be given, involving signal analysis methods. A set of spectra will be shown that have been collected and analysed, for a wide range of clothing fabric materials, indicating that the technique could have wide application to personal screening situations.

关键词： near infrared NIR spectroscopy detection chemical explosive concealed clothing security

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Application of speed enhanced spatial domain correlation filters for real-time security monitoring

Application of speed enhanced spatial domain correlation fil...

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conference on Optics and Photonics for Counterterrorism and Crime Fighting VII/optical materials in defence systems technology VIII/Quantum-Physics-Based Information security

作者： Gardezi, Akber Bangalore, Nagachetan Al-Kandri, Ahmad Birch, Philip Young, Rupert Chatwin, Chris Univ Sussex Dept Engn & Design Brighton BN1 9QT E Sussex England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488176

A speed enhanced space variant correlation filer which has been designed to be invariant to change in orientation and scale of the target object but also to be spatially variant, i.e. the filter function becoming dependant on local clutter conditions within the image. The speed enhancement of the filter is due to the use of optimization techniques employing low-pass filtering to restrict kernel movement to be within regions of interest. The detection and subsequent identification capability of the two-stage process has been evaluated in highly cluttered backgrounds using both visible and thermal imagery acquired from civil and defense domains along with associated training data sets for target detection and classification. In this paper a series of tests have been conducted in multiple scenarios relating to situations that pose a security threat. Performance matrices comprised of peak-to-correlation energy (PCE) and peak-to-side lobe ratio (PSR) measurements of the correlation output have been calculated to allow the definition of a recognition criterion. The hardware implementation of the system has been discussed in terms of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chipsets with implementation bottle necks and their solution being considered.

关键词： MACH filter correlation filter space variant filter pattern recognition FPGA

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Detection of concealed substances in sealed opaque plastic and coloured glass containers using SORS

Detection of concealed substances in sealed opaque plastic a...

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conference on Optics and Photon for Counterterrorism and Crime Fighting VI/optical materials in defence systems technology VII

作者： Bloomfield, Matthew Loeffen, Paul W. Matousek, Pavel Cobalt Light Syst Ltd Oxford OX11 0QR England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819483560

The reliable detection of concealed substances in sealed opaque plastic and coloured glass containers, with low false-alarm rate, is a problem in numerous areas of security. For example, in aviation security, there is no reliable methodology for alarm resolution of substances with high chemical specificity unless the substances are in optically transparent containers. We present a recently developed method called Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy (SORS) which enables the discrimination of the Raman spectrum of the content substance from the Raman spectrum of the container material with no prior knowledge of either, thereby allowing unambiguous identification of the container contents. The method is effective with coloured plastic containers that are several millimetres thick and which are not see-through to the eye and also for coloured glass bottles. Such cases do not typically yield to conventional backscatter Raman spectroscopy (or have poor false-alarm rates) since the content signal is often overwhelmed by the signal from the container, which may in addition have a strong interfering fluorescence background. SORS measurement can be performed in a few seconds by shining a laser light onto the container and then measuring the Raman signal at the excitation point but also at one or more offset positions. Each measurement has different relative orthogonal contributions from the container and contents Raman spectra, so that, with no prior knowledge, the pure spectra of both the container and contents can be extracted - either by scaled subtraction or via multivariate statistical methods. The content spectrum can then be compared to a reference library of pure materials to give a threat evaluation with a confidence level not compromised by interfering signals originating from the container wall. In this paper, we describe the methods and their optimization, and characterize their performance in practical screening applications. The study shows that there is frequen

关键词： SORS Raman security spectroscopy containers

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Possible way for increasing the quality of imaging from THz passive device

Possible way for increasing the quality of imaging from THz ...

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conference on Optics and Photonics for Counterterrorism and Crime Fighting VII/optical materials in defence systems technology VIII/Quantum-Physics-Based Information security

作者： Trofimov, Vyacheslav A. Trofimov, Vladislav V. Deng, Chao Zhao, Yuan-meng Zhang, Cun-lin Zhang, Xin Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ Moscow Russia Capital Normal Univ Beijing Key Lab Terahertz Spectroscopy & Imaging Minist Educ Key Lab Terahertz OptoelectDept Phys Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Sch Optoelect Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488176

Using the passive THz imaging system developed by the CNU-THz laboratory, we capture the passive THz image of human body with forbidden objects hidden under opaque clothes. We demonstrate the possibility of significant improving the quality of the image. Our approach bases on the application of spatial filters, developed by us for computer treatment of passive THz imaging. The THz imaging system is constructed with accordance to well known passive THz imaging principles and to the THz quasi-optical theory. It contains a scanning mechanism, which has a detector approximately with 1200 mu m central wavelength, a data acquisition card and a microcomputer. To get a clear imaging of object we apply a sequence of the spatial filters to the image and spectral transforms of the image. The treatment of imaging from the passive THz device is made by computer code. The performance time of treatment of the image, containing about 5000 pixels, is less than 0.1 second. To illustrate the efficiency of developed approach we detect the liquid explosive, knife, pistol and metal plate hidden under opaque clothes. The results obtained demonstrate the high efficiency of our approach for the detection and recognition of the hidden objects and are very promising for the real security application.

关键词： THz wave passive imaging image processing optical-mechanical scanning security screening forbidden objects

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Hazardous Liquid Detection by Active Hyperspectral Imaging

Hazardous Liquid Detection by Active Hyperspectral Imaging

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conference on Optics and Photonics for Counterterrorism and Crime Fighting VII/optical materials in defence systems technology VIII/Quantum-Physics-Based Information security

作者： Howle, Chris R. Frisby, Alexander McIntosh, Alastair J. S. Stothard, David J. M. Dunn, Malcolm H. Robertson, Gordon Miller, William Malcolm, Graeme Maker, Gareth Def Sci & Technol Lab Salisbury SP4 0JQ Wilts England Univ St Andrews Sch Phys & Astron Photon Innovat Ctr JF Allen Phys Res Lab St Andrews KY16 9SS Fife Scotland M Squared Lasers Ltd Glasgow G20 0SP Lanark Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488176

The ability to remotely locate and classify potential liquid hazards is desirable in a variety of civilian and military applications. Candidate technologies to satisfy these requirements include the fusion of imaging and optical spectroscopy. Hence, a novel system based on IR Negative Contrast Imaging (NCI) is presented. The NCI system is based on an OPO comprising a periodically-poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) crystal of fanned grating design that operates in both the shortwave and midwave IR spectral regions (1.5 - 1.9 mu m and 2.4 - 3.8 mu m, respectively). Wavelength tuning is achieved by translating the PPLN crystal within the 1064 nm pump beam. System size and complexity are minimised by the use of InGaAs and Zn doped MCT single element detectors and the intracavity OPO design. Images are composed by raster scanning the monochromatic beam over the scene of interest;the reflection and/or absorption of the incident radiation by target chemicals and their surrounding environment provide a method for spatial location of the hazard. The NCI has been employed to detect liquid chemicals on a variety of surfaces;initial results of laboratory investigations are presented here.

关键词： Lasers optical parametric oscillators stand-off detection proximal detection IR absorption spectroscopy hyperspectral imaging toxic chemicals

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Advances in Quantum Cascade Lasers for security and crime-fighting

Advances in Quantum Cascade Lasers for security and crime-fi...

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conference on Optics and Photon for Counterterrorism and Crime Fighting VI/optical materials in defence systems technology VII

作者： Normand, Erwan L. Stokes, Robert J. Hay, Kenneth Foulger, Brian Lewis, Colin Cascade Technol Glendevon HouseCastle Business Pk Stirling FK9 4TZ Scotland Minist Def SA SD Shrivenham England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819483560

Advances in the application of Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCL) to trace gas detection will be presented. The solution is real time (similar to 1 mu sec per scan), is insensitive to turbulence and vibration, and performs multiple measurements in one sweep. The QCL provides a large dynamic range, which is a linear response from ppt to % level. The concentration can be derived with excellent immunity from cross interference. Point sensing sensors developed by Cascade for home made and commercial explosives operate by monitoring key constituents in real time and matching this to a spatial event (i.e. sniffer device placed close to an object or person walking through portal (overt or covert). Programmable signature detection capability allows for detection of multiple chemical compounds along the most likely array of explosive chemical formulation. The advantages of configuration as "point sensing" or "stand off" will be discussed. In addition to explosives this method is highly applicable to the detection of mobile drugs labs through volatile chemical release

关键词： Infra-red spectroscopy Quantum Cascade Laser Explosives

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Fast detection of narcotics by single photon ionization mass spectrometry and laser ion mobility spectrometry

Fast detection of narcotics by single photon ionization mass...

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conference on Optics and Photon for Counterterrorism and Crime Fighting VI/optical materials in defence systems technology VII

作者： Laudien, Robert Schultze, Rainer Wieser, Jochen OPTIMARE Analyt GmbH & Co KG D-26382 Wilhelmshaven Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819483560

In this contribution two analytical devices for the fast detection of security-relevant substances like narcotics and explosives are presented. One system is based on an ion trap mass spectrometer (ITMS) with single photon ionization (SPI). This soft ionization technique, unlike electron impact ionization (EI), reduces unwanted fragment ions in the mass spectra allowing the clear determination of characteristic (usually molecular) ions. Their enrichment in the ion trap and identification by tandem MS investigations (MS/MS) enables the detection of the target substances in complex matrices at low concentrations without time-consuming sample preparation. For SPI an electron beam pumped excimer light source of own fabrication (E-Lux) is used. The SPI-ITMS system was characterized by the analytical study of different drugs like cannabis, heroin, cocaine, amphetamines, and some precursors. Additionally, it was successfully tested on-site in a closed illegal drug laboratory, where low quantities of MDMA could be directly detected in samples from floors, walls and lab equipments. The second analytical system is based on an ion mobility (IM) spectrometer with resonant multiphoton ionization (REMPI). With the frequency quadrupled Nd:YAG laser (266 nm), used for ionization, a selective and sensitive detection of aromatic compounds is possible. By application of suited aromatic dopants, in addition, also non-aromatic polar compounds are accessible by ion molecule reactions like proton transfer or complex formation. Selected drug precursors could be successfully detected with this device as well, qualifying it to a lower-priced alternative or useful supplement of the SPI-ITMS system for security analysis.

关键词： Single photon ionization excimer lamp REMPI Nd:YAG laser ion trap mass spectrometry ion mobility spectrometry security-relevant substances narcotics drug precursors

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Ultrashort pulsed laser welding of co-doped Er,Yb:Phosphate Laser Glass and Nd:YAG Laser Crystals to structural materials for robust mechanical mounting and thermal management 2

Ultrashort pulsed laser welding of co-doped Er,Yb:Phosphate ...

引用

Advanced materials, biomaterials, and Manufacturing Technologies for security and defence II 2024

作者： Dzipalski, Adrian McGann, Owen Carter, Richard M. Daniel Esser, M.J. Hand, Duncan P. Riccarton EdinburghEH144AS United Kingdom Glass Technology Services 9 Churchhill Way Chapeltown South Yorkshire SheffieldS352PY United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781510681187

Ultrashort pulsed laser welding of dissimilar materials has become an attractive alternative technique to commonly used adhesive bonding for joining optics to metal mounts / assemblies in the manufacturing of optical and laser systems. The laser welding process relies on very high peak intensities from an ultrashort (ps/fs) pulsed laser beam which is tightly focused through a transmissive optical component, providing a focal spot in the vicinity of the optic-metal interface. Nonlinear multi photon absorption in the optic and linear absorption in the metal results in a highly confined plasma, surrounded by a localised melt zone that rapidly cools to form a bond. For successful welding, the laser pulse repetition rate must be sufficiently high to provide thermal accumulation, to ensure a localised melt volume (the heat-affected zone, HAZ) surrounding the small plasma. The size of this HAZ is dependent on the laser processing parameters and material combinations used during the process and is typically on the ~100µm scale. As the laser spot translates across the material, this highly localised melt/plasma zone rapidly solidifies behind the beam and forms a strong bond (micro weld) between the two surfaces. We present our recent results from the ultrashort pulsed laser welding of Er,Yb:Phosphate laser glass and Nd:YAG laser crystals to copper for a combination of mechanical mounting and thermal management (heatsinking) applications in laser systems. Er,Yb:Phosphate glass is a well-known and commonly used active medium for lasers emitting in the ‘eye-safe’ spectral range from 1.5-1.6µm. Nd:YAG is the most popular lasing media for solid state lasers typically emitting light in the 1.064µm spectral range. We investigate the influence of laser processing parameters such as pulse duration and repetition rate on the resultant welds. Analysis of welded parts includes shear strength and accelerated lifetime tests. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Pulsed lasers

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The substituted [2.2]paracyclophanes as versatile platform for a design of new optical materials

The substituted [2.2]paracyclophanes as versatile platform f...

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conference on Optics and Photonics for Counterterrorism and Crime Fighting VII/optical materials in defence systems technology VIII/Quantum-Physics-Based Information security

作者： Puntus, Lada N. Sergeeva, Elena V. Antonov, Dmitrii Yu. Anan'ev, Ivan V. Lyssenko, Konstantin A. Pekareva, Irina S. Kajzar, Francois Rau, Ileana Russian Acad Sci Kotelnikov Inst Radioengn & Elect 11-7 Mokhovaya Moscow 125009 Russia Russian Acad Sci AN Nesmeyanov Inst Organoelement Compounds Moscow 119991 Russia Univ Politehn Bucuresti Fac Appl Chem & Mat Sci Bucharest Romania Univ Angers Inst Sci & Technol Mol Angers MOLTECH Anjou UMR CNRS 6200Equipe Interact Mol Opt Non Linear F-49045 Angers France

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488176

The series of novel unsymmetrical beta-diketones substituted by functional groups with different donor-acceptor properties, as well as of their lanthanide complexes have been synthesized for the first time. The optical properties of these [2.2]paracyclophane-derived ligands and the lanthanide complexes were studied by UV-visible and luminescence spectroscopy. The energy of absorption maximum of these beta-diketones correlates with donor-acceptor properties of functional groups and a size of the conjugated system. All beta-diketonates synthesized exhibit broad emission spectra with red shifted maxima in comparison with isolated [2.2]paracyclophane moiety. The designed blue-emitting unsymmetrical beta-diketones act as very efficient sensitizers of the Eu3+ emission with excitation wavelength up to 450 nm. Nonlinear optical properties have been studies for some beta-diketones as well. Their average NLO susceptibility was found comparable with that of such well known NLO crystal as PNP.

关键词： [2.2]paracyclophane beta-diketone lanthanide luminescence NLO

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Terahertz and millimetre wave technology in port and harbour security

Terahertz and millimetre wave technology in port and harbour...

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conference on Photonics for Port and Harbor security

作者： Woodward, RM Appleby, R HT Consultants Ltd Magdalen Ctr Oxford OX4 4GA England

ISBN: (纸本)0819457655

The terahertz region of the electromagnetic spectrum is typically defined in the frequency range 100 GHz to 10 THz, corresponding to a wavelength range of 3 mm to 30 microns. The millimetre wave region lies between 30 GHz and 300 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength range of 10 cin to I mm and overlaps a portion of the terahertz region. Following the development of coherent sources and detectors in the early eighties, there has been growing interest in the role of terahertz technology for security and defence. The terahertz region offers a huge expanse of unused bandwidth, which currently presents a significant advantage for both security and defense initiatives. The ability of terahertz radiation to probe intermolecular interactions, large amplitude vibrations and rotational modes, in addition to showing polarization sensitivity makes terahertz radiation a unique and diverse region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The additional ability of both terahertz and millimeter wave radiation to 'see through' common materials, such as thick smoke, fog and dust, which are often considered as opaque in other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum offers further advantages over other optical techniques. Due to the heavy attenuation of terahertz radiation by water vapour, millimeter wave technology is more suited for long range, all-weather imaging systems, whereas terahertz technology has more potential for high resolution short range imaging and spectroscopy. The potential of terahertz and millimetre wave technology and their associated potential for port and harbour security initiatives are discussed.

关键词： terahertz millimetre imaging spectroscopy stand-off detection

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