Phasor measurement unit (PMU) networks deliver accurate and timely measurements, which is essential for managing today's electric power systems. To ensure data quality and enhance the cyber-resilience of PMU netwo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350318562;9798350318555
Phasor measurement unit (PMU) networks deliver accurate and timely measurements, which is essential for managing today's electric power systems. To ensure data quality and enhance the cyber-resilience of PMU networks against malicious attacks and data errors, this study presents an online PMU missing data recovery scheme by leveraging P4 programmable switches. The data plane incorporates a customized PMU protocol parser that abstracts the necessary payload data for recovery. Recovery processes are executed in the control plane using a pre-trained machine learning model. Both traditional and advanced ML models, such as transformer and TimeGPT, are explicitly employed for data prediction. This approach ensures rapid and precise data recovery. performance evaluations focus on recovery speed and accuracy, using a real dataset from a campus microgrid. With 20% missing PMU data, the mean absolute percentage error for voltage magnitude is 0.0384%, and the phase angle error discrepancy is approximately 0.4064%.
Software-defined networks (SDN) are revolutionizing network technology, it is more scalable, secure and low-latency network protocol as compared to traditional systems. SDN efficiently manages the network due to the i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350304060;9798350304053
Software-defined networks (SDN) are revolutionizing network technology, it is more scalable, secure and low-latency network protocol as compared to traditional systems. SDN efficiently manages the network due to the isolation of the control and data plane. Internet of Things (IoT) has a significant share in Industry 4.0, healthcare, and agriculture. IoT communication powered by SDN significantly improves communication in the network. Motivated by issues related to efficient resource allocation and security in an SDN-IoT environment, we proposed a blockchain and coalition game theory-based scheme GRACE. The game theory enhances the distribution of SDN controllers' resources among IoT devices. Coalition game allow devices to collaborate and share resources efficiently. This results in collaborative decision-making and improved networkperformance. A smart contract SC is developed and deployed by the central controller, where the devices register themselves, and the controller regulates the network. Data stored on blockchain makes it a secure and immutable system. Our results demonstrates improved time convergence and average switch operations for varying number of IoT. Furthermore, our results include gas cost comparison of SC functions. This proves the efficiency, security, and cost-effectiveness of the GRACE scheme.
The Open Radio Access network (Open RAN) paradigm, and its reference architecture proposed by the O-RAN Alliance, is paving the way toward open, interoperable, observable and truly intelligent cellular networks. Cruci...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350371000;9798350370997
The Open Radio Access network (Open RAN) paradigm, and its reference architecture proposed by the O-RAN Alliance, is paving the way toward open, interoperable, observable and truly intelligent cellular networks. Crucial to this evolution is Machine Learning (ML), which will play a pivotal role by providing the necessary tools to realize the vision of self-organizing O-RAN systems. However, to be actionable, ML algorithms need to demonstrate high reliability, effectiveness in delivering high performance, and the ability to adapt to varying network conditions, traffic demands and performance requirements. To address these challenges, in this paper we propose a novel Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agent design for O-RAN applications that can learn control policies under varying Service Level Agreement (SLAs) with heterogeneous minimum performance requirements. We focus on the case of RAN slicing and SLAs specifying maximum tolerable end-to-end latency levels. We use the OpenRAN Gym open-source environment to train a DRL agent that can adapt to varying SLAs and compare it against the state-of-the-art. We show that our agent maintains a low SLA violation rate that is 8.3x and 14.4x lower than approaches based on Deep Q-Learning (DQN) and Q-Learning, while consuming respectively 0.3x and 0.6x less resources without the need for re-training.
The heterogeneity of use cases that next-generation wireless systems need to support calls for flexible and programmable networks that can autonomously adapt to the application requirements. Specifically, traffic flow...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350302547
The heterogeneity of use cases that next-generation wireless systems need to support calls for flexible and programmable networks that can autonomously adapt to the application requirements. Specifically, traffic flows that support critical applications (e.g., vehicular control or safety communications) often come with a requirement in terms of guaranteed performance. At the same time, others are more elastic and can adapt to the resources made available by the network (e.g., video streaming). To this end, the Open Radio Access network (RAN) paradigm is seen as an enabler of dynamic control and adaptation of the protocol stack of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) networks in the 5th generation (5G) and beyond. Through its embodiment in the O-RAN Alliance specifications, it introduces the RAN Intelligent controllers (RICs), which enable closed-loop control, leveraging a rich set of RAN Key performance Measurements (KPMs) to build a representation of the network and enforcing dynamic control through the configuration of 3GPP-defined stack parameters. In this paper, we leverage the Open RAN closed-loop control capabilities to design, implement, and evaluate multiple data-driven and dynamic Service Level Agreement (SLA) enforcement policies, capable of adapting the RAN semi-persistent scheduling patterns to match users' requirements. To do so, we implement semi-persistent scheduling capabilities in the OpenAirInterface (OAI) 5G stack, as well as an easily extensible and customizable version of the Open RAN E2 interface that connects the OAI base stations to the near-real-time RIC. We deploy and test our framework on Colosseum, a large-scale hardware-in-the-loop channel emulator. Results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed Open RAN-based solution in managing SLA in near-real-time.
The third generation of neural networks is called spiking neural networks. Spiking neural networks can not only answer all the problems that can be solved by common neural networks, they can also be computationally mo...
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Electrical lighting systems contribute to approximately 20% of global electricity consumption and 6% of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, underlining the urgent need for more efficient and adaptable lighting solutions. ...
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Generalizing visual reinforcement learning is fundamental to robot visual navigation, involving the acquisition of a policy from interactions with source environments to facilitate adaptation to analogous, yet unfamil...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350377712;9798350377705
Generalizing visual reinforcement learning is fundamental to robot visual navigation, involving the acquisition of a policy from interactions with source environments to facilitate adaptation to analogous, yet unfamiliar target environments. Recent advancements capitalize on data augmentation techniques, self-supervised learning methods, and the generative adversarial network framework to train policy neural networks with enhanced generalizability. However, current methods, upon extracting domain-general latent features, further utilize these features to train the reinforcement learning policy, resulting in a decline in the performance of the learned policy guiding the agent to accomplish tasks. To tackle these challenges, a framework of self-expert imitation with purifying latent features was devised, empowering the policy to achieve robust and stable zero-shot generalization performance in visually similar domains previously unseen, without diminishing the performance of guiding the agent to accomplish tasks. The extraction method of domain-general latent features is proposed to enhance their quality based on the variational autoencoder. Extensive experiments have shown that our policy, compared with state-of-the-art counterparts, does not diminish the performance of the policy guiding the agent to accomplish tasks after generalization.
Ethernet-based industrial communication standards are dominating the communication landscape in factories. With the transition towards more flexible and wireless solutions, there is a strong interest to enable existin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665464321
Ethernet-based industrial communication standards are dominating the communication landscape in factories. With the transition towards more flexible and wireless solutions, there is a strong interest to enable existing wired applications, such as control-to-control (C2C) use cases, over a wireless network. In this work, we investigate an example C2C application and validate its performance when operated over 5G. For this purpose, we present measurement results taken from a 5G standalone (SA) deployment in an operational factory. Our results show that 5G can replace existing wired solution, but at the cost of a lowered C2C application efficiency due to longer network latency. We furthermore investigate the impact of cross-traffic to the C2C application and effects of traffic prioritization.
The research presents that the Stream control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) provides a very interesting alternative to classical TCP and UDP, especially in multihoming settings. We therefore specifically sought to test...
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Hierarchical text classification is an essential task in natural language processing. Existing studies focus only on label hierarchy structure, such as building classifiers for each level of labels or employing the la...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031398209;9783031398216
Hierarchical text classification is an essential task in natural language processing. Existing studies focus only on label hierarchy structure, such as building classifiers for each level of labels or employing the label taxonomic hierarchy to improve the hierarchy classification performance. However, these methods ignore issues with imbalanced datasets, which present tremendous challenges to text classification performance, especially for the tail categories. To this end, we propose Hierarchyaware-Bilateral-Branch-network (HiBBN) to address this problem, where we introduce the bilateral-branch network and apply a hierarchy-aware encoder to model text representation with label dependencies. In addition, HiBBN has two network branches that cooperate with the uniform sampler and reversed sampler, which can deal with the data imbalance problem sufficiently. Therefore, our-model handles both hierarchical structural information and modeling of tail data simultaneously, and extensive experiments on benchmark datasets indicate that our model achieves better performance, especially for fine-grained categories.
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