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photonic computing: from materials and devices to systems and applications 2024

ISBN: (纸本)9781510678866

The proceedings contain 10 papers. The topics discussed include: cryogenic integrated optical modulators for classical and quantum computing;orbital angular momentum beams multiplexing and demultiplexing using hybrid optical-electronic neural network;optical data compression and hashing via 4f-based reconfigurable complex convolution module;energy-efficient optical memory architecture using phase change memory: clock frequency trade-offs for edge computing;Intersubband engineered nonlinear activation function for photonic neural networks;interpretable inverse-designed cavity for nonlinear photon pair generation on-chip;probing ring resonator sensor based on vernier effect;enhanced photonic accelerator design for efficient vector-matrix multiplication in deep learning;and weight bank addition photonic accelerator for artificial intelligence.

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Nonvolatile photonics based on phase change materials: where are the limits?

Nonvolatile photonics based on phase change materials: where...

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conference on photonic computing - from materials and devices to systems and applications

作者： Li, Junying Hu, Juejun Univ Chinese Acad Sci Hangzhou Inst Adv Study Hangzhou Peoples R China MIT Dept Mat Sci & Engn Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510678866;9781510678873

Integration of chalcogenide phase-change material (PCM) with photonic circuits offers a practical route of introducing nonvolatile optical memories-a key enabling capability for optical neuromorphic computing. The prospect has motivated a surge of research efforts in this field and significant improvements in the performance of PCM-based photonic devices. These advances prompt an important question: what are the ultimate performances that can be achieved in PCM-based photonic devices? Here we address the question by quantitatively analyzing performance bounds of PCM memories on optical loss, crosstalk, energy consumption, and multi-level operation.

关键词： Phase change materials integrated photonics reconfigurable photonics photonic memories

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A Survey on Optical Phase-Change Memory: The Promise and Challenges

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IEEE ACCESS 2023年 11卷 11781-11803页

作者： Shafiee, Amin Pasricha, Sudeep Nikdast, Mahdi Colorado State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Ft Collins CO 80523 USA

Silicon photonics (SiPh) technology has facilitated the deployment of integrated photonics across different application domains, from ultra-fast communication in Datacom applications to energy-efficient optical computation in emerging hardware accelerators for machine learning. More recently, the integration of SiPh and phase change materials has created a unique opportunity to realize adaptable, reconfigurable, and programmable photonic platforms. In particular, the nonvolatile programmability in phase change materials has made them a promising candidate for implementing photonic memory cells and architectures. Accordingly, photonic memory systems and even in-memory photonic computing paradigms are on the rise, especially given their potential for improving data access in electronic and photonic processors. However, there are still many challenges in the design and fabrication of phase-change photonic integrated circuits, which need to be addressed. This article presents a comprehensive survey on the recent advances and challenges for the integration of phase change materials with contemporary photonic devices while focusing on the photonic memory application. In particular, we explore phase-change photonic memory from the material level to the architecture level by presenting an overview of different material-level characteristics of phase change materials with their optical, electrical, and thermal properties as well as their integration into SiPh devices and photonic memory architectures and their application for in-memory photonic computing. We also present a comparison with electronic memory and discuss open research challenges that must be addressed to further advance phase-change photonic memory towards successful integration into emerging computing systems.

关键词： photonics Phase change materials Phase change memory Nonvolatile memory Optical sensors Optical pulses Adaptive optics phase-change memory in-memory photonic computing photonic integrated circuits silicon photonics

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Weight Bank Addition photonic Accelerator for Artificial Intelligence

Weight Bank Addition Photonic Accelerator for Artificial Int...

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conference on photonic computing - from materials and devices to systems and applications

作者： Zhang, Wenwen Zhang, Hao Wang, Jing Univ British Columbia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Vancouver BC Canada Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect & Comp Engn Los Angeles CA USA Univ British Columbia Dept Mech Engn Vancouver BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781510678866;9781510678873

Neural networks, a potent data-driven method for artificial intelligence, play a crucial role in modern estimation and classification tasks. However, they often encounter computational constraints. To overcome these, we propose photonics-based neuromorphic networks, offering faster processing than electronic systems. We focus on the weight bank, crucial for matrix multiplication, utilizing parallel cascaded micro-ring resonators (MRRs). Our study on silicon on insulators (SOI) demonstrates how cascaded MRRs address cross-talk issues in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. Additionally, we design a silicon photonic accelerator for weight addition, optimized for speed and energy efficiency, providing comparable performance to electronic devices.

关键词： Artificial intelligence micro-ring resonators weight bank

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Intersubband engineered nonlinear activation function for photonic neural networks

Intersubband engineered nonlinear activation function for ph...

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conference on photonic computing - from materials and devices to systems and applications

作者： Xu, Zheheng Addamane, Sadhvikas J. Burghoff, David Univ Texas Austin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Austin TX 78712 USA Sandia Natl Labs Albuquerque NM 87123 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510678866;9781510678873

Fast, sensitive, and compact photonic nonlinear activation devices are crucial for forming photonic neural networks with high computational efficiency. However, conventional photonic activation units lack suitable nonlinearity due to weak optical nonlinearities. Using intersubband nanostructures, we introduce the smallest possible optoelectronic approach for nonlinear processing in photonic neural networks. Here we also demonstrate the simulation and fabrication of the intersubband nanostructures. The simulation results shows a 3.5 microwatt threshold and an optical response time of 10 picoseconds within a device that is only 4 microns in length.

关键词： Intersubband activation neural networks nonlinear

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Energy-efficient optical memory architecture using phase change memory: Clock frequency trade-offs for edge computing

Energy-efficient optical memory architecture using phase cha...

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conference on photonic computing - from materials and devices to systems and applications

作者： Jahannia, Belal Ye, Jiachi Altaleb, Salem Cai, Qian Madadi-Kandjani, Ehsan Asadizanjani, Navid Patil, Chandraman Heidari, Elham Dalir, Hamed Univ Florida Dept Elect & Comp Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510678866;9781510678873

Developing energy-efficient optical components for computing is crucial for AI-driven hardware technologies. While previous studies primarily focused on optimizing cache-level design and managing write-intensive memory addresses, the impact of clock frequency on the energy consumption of emerging memory technologies, such as PCM, remains underexplored. In this work, through comprehensive simulation-based analysis, we reveal the complex relationship between clock frequency and the energy efficiency of OPCM, SRAM, and DRAM. The proposed memory architecture has demonstrated the potential to reduce overall energy consumption by up to 75% for the MiBench benchmark suite, a widely used set of embedded systems and IoT workloads. This work contributes to the ongoing efforts to improve the energy efficiency of optical computing systems, a critical factor in realizing the full potential of these emerging technologies.

关键词： PCM Energy-efficient computing Edge computing memory architectures

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Enhanced photonic Accelerator Design for Efficient Vector-Matrix Multiplication in Deep Learning

Enhanced Photonic Accelerator Design for Efficient Vector-Ma...

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conference on photonic computing - from materials and devices to systems and applications

作者： Wang, Jing Zhang, Hao Zhang, Wenwen Univ British Columbia Dept Mech Engn Vancouver BC Canada Univ British Columbia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Vancouver BC Canada Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect & Comp Engn Los Angeles CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510678866;9781510678873

Matrix multiplication with weights is a fundamental operation in deep neural networks, crucial for tasks reliant on data-driven modeling. However, computational limitations often hinder these operations. To address this, we propose photonics neural networks, offering faster processing speeds compared to electronic systems. Our paper aims to develop two distinct photonic neural networks. We use micror-ing resonators as neurons, exploiting their varied transmission properties for weight updates. Our experiments achieved a maximum transmission drop of approximately 0.7 dBm and a maximum spectral shift of around 1 nm per voltage change. Furthermore, we propose and explore two methods for implementing summation and non-linear activation using photonics devices with various materials, investigating the design constraints associated with each approach. Our experimental results corroborate our simulation predictions, validating the feasibility of our designs.

关键词： Microrings Neurons Design Artificial neural networks Photodetectors Modulators Waveguides Wavelength division multiplexing Microresonators Resonators

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Cryogenic integrated optical modulators for classical and quantum computing

Cryogenic integrated optical modulators for classical and qu...

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conference on photonic computing - from materials and devices to systems and applications

作者： Pintusa, Paolo Singh, Anshuman Ranzani, Leonardo Pinna, Sergio Xie, Weigiang Huang, Duanni Gustafsson, Martin, V Casula, Giovanni Andrea Shoji, Yuya Takamura, Yota Mizumoto, Tetsuya D. Moody, Galan Soltani, Mo Bowers, John E. Univ Calif Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Univ Cagliari Cagliari Italy Raytheon BBN Technol Cambridge MA USA Tokyo Inst Technol Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510678866;9781510678873

In recent years, standard CMOS microprocessors have approached their maximum power dissipation per unit area, effectively placing a limit on computational power. This highlights the urgent need to explore alternative technologies. One promising avenue is the use of superconductors, which demonstrate zero resistivity below a critical temperature. However, circuits based on superconductors necessitate the use of cryostats to maintain low temperatures, presenting challenges in data transfer with the room temperature environment. While coaxial cables are often employed for this purpose, they suffer from limited data transfer rates and contribute significantly to heat load. On the contrary, photonics integrated circuits (PICs) coupled with optical fibers present a viable solution. They enable scalable, cost-effective, and power-efficient optical interconnections capable of supporting high data transfer rates while minimizing heat transfer. In this presentation, We will discuss the latest advancements in cryogenic PICs, focusing on their application in interfacing with cryogenic computing systems such as single-flux-quantum logic circuits and superconducting qubits.

关键词： photonic integrated circuits cryogenic devices electro-optic modulator magneto-optic modulator

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A Homeostatic photonic Device Integrating Vapor-Regulated Thermo-Optical Feedback Mechanisms

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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL materials 2025年第0期

作者： Byun, Caroline Ceratti, Davide R. Mimoso, Clemence Boissiere, Cedric Faustini, Marco Sorbonne Univ UMR 7574 CNRS Chim Mat Condensee Paris F-75005 Paris France Inst Univ France IUF F-75231 Paris France

Self-adaptation and homeostasis are features that distinguish living systems from artificial materials. Living systems, such as plants or the human eye, integrate positive and negative feedback mechanisms to autonomously manage their thermal, optical, and chemical responses to changing sunlight conditions. However, replicating such sophisticated behavior in artificial devices presents a significant challenge. Herein, an inorganic homeostatic device is proposed that integrates both positive and negative feedback mechanisms for adaptive regulation of optical properties, water chemical potential, and local temperature driven by a dynamic change of photonic colors. This device consists of a mesoporous graded one dimensional (1D) photonic crystal, acting as a temperature-responsive shield, coupled with a photothermal layer. The architecture of the device is designed to harness the temperature-driven vapor sorption into mesoporous to create the feedback. The lateral gradient of the photonic stop band enables achieving dual feedback across multiple wavelengths by simply shifting the light beam's position. In the presence of light, the thermo-optical device is able to either amplify or attenuate the optical absorption, reflectivity, and local temperature and dynamically change its structural colors. The structure and performance of the device are characterized using multiple techniques such as Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and time-resolved hyperspectral microscopy. Importantly, the device is fabricated using solution processing, making it compatible with low-cost manufacturing and paving the way for the development of adaptive and time-programmed systems for applications like thermo-regulating windows, smart filters, programmable meta-surfaces, vapor sensors, or even optical computing.

关键词： feedback gradient homeostasis mesoporous photonic thermo-regulation

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materials for semiconductor nanowires in nanoscale photonic and electronic devices 6

Materials for semiconductor nanowires in nanoscale photonic ...

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6th International conference on Advancements in materials and Manufacturing, ICAAMM 2024

作者： Singh, Pulkit Singh, Rajan Cheeli, Ashok Kumar Sahitya, Pinnamaraju Rahul, Sriram Department of ECE MLR Institute of Technology Hyderabad500043 India

Many aspects of civilization are impacted by electronic and optoelectronic equipment, including medical instruments, communications, computing, multimedia systems, and basic home appliances. the development of nanoscale devices has garnered significant attention due to the increasing demand for smaller, more powerful, and efficient systems across various industries. Nanoscale devices operate at the nanometer scale, typically involving structures and components with dimensions on the order of 1 to 100 nanometers. As a potent class of materials, semiconductor nanowires are creating a lot of new possibilities for innovative nanoscale photonic and electrical devices through carefully regulated development and organization. the exploration of electronic and optoelectronic nanodevices, along with integrated arrays, opens up a rich landscape of possibilities across various technological domains. This research not only pushes the boundaries of miniaturization but also paves the way for innovative applications in electronics, photonics, sensing, and emerging fields like quantum and neuromorphic computing that hold the potential for numerous applications in the future. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Nanowires

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