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11th IASTED International conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft computing, ASC 2007

作者： Smith iii, James F. Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC 20375-5320 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780889866935

A fuzzy logic resource allocation algorithm that enables a collection of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) to automatically cooperate as they make meteorological measurements will be discussed. No human intervention during the measurement process is required. A fuzzy logic based planning algorithm determines the optimal trajectory and points each UAV will sample, while taking into account the UAVs' risk, risk tolerance, reliability, and mission priority for sampling in certain regions. It also considers fuel limitations, mission cost, and related uncertainties. The real-time fuzzy control algorithm running on each UAV renders the UAVs autonomous allowing them to change course immediately without consulting with any commander, requests other UAVs to help, change the points that will be sampled when observing interesting phenomena, or to terminate the mission and return to base. The underlying optimization procedures including the fuzzy logic based cost function, the fuzzy logic decision rule for UAV path assignment, and the fuzzy algorithm that determines when a UAV should alter its mission to help another UAV are discussed. Simulations show the ability of the fuzzy algorithms to allow UAVs to effectively cooperate to increase the UAV team's likelihood of success even when UAV measurement devices, propulsion or communications fail.

关键词： Fuzzy logic

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Analysis and demonstration of Mach-Zehnder polymer modulators using in-plane coplanar waveguide structure

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IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS 2007年第7-8期43卷 633-640页

作者： Song, Reem Song, Hyun-Chae Steier, William H. Cox, Charles H., iii Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Korea Intellectual Property Off Taejon 302701 South Korea Photon Syst Inc Billerica MA 01821 USA

Analysis, design, and experimental demonstration of polymer Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulators with a newly proposed in-plane coplanar waveguide (CPW) electrode are presented in this paper. Compared to the conventional CPW electrode, the new in-plane CPW configuration significantly enhances the overlap factor between microwave and optical wave by 40% from the theoretical calculations. Different from polymer modulators using the traditional microstrip electrodes, this structure can suppress dc bias voltage drift and widen modulation bandwidth. Using CLD1/APC and AJL8/APC electrooptic polymers, MZ modulators using the in-plane CPW are fabricated and tested. The measured V pi's of the MZ with 15-mu m gap spacing and 2 cru electrode length are 5.4 and 9.5 V at 1.55 um for the AJL8/APC and CLD1/APC devices, respectively. The evaluated r(33)'s are 46 pm/V for the AJL8/APC and 26 pm/V for the CLD1/APC MZ. The dc bias stability is tested and compared for both the microstrip and the in-plane CPW electrode modulators. Experimental results show that the in-plane CPW modulator greatly improves the bias stability. From the microwave S-21 measurement, the microwave signal loss of the modulator using the in-plane CPW is much reduced to 0.2 dB/cm root GHz, while 0.7 dB/cm root GHz using the microstrip.

关键词： coplanar waveguide (CPW) dc bias drift half-wave voltage Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulator microstrip overlap factor polymer optical modulator

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Development of an analog-to-digital converter using photonic crystals

Development of an analog-to-digital converter using photonic...

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conference on photonic devices and algorithms for computing Viii

作者： Sharkway, Ahmed Chen, Caihua Miao, Binglin Shi, Shouyuan Prather, Dennis EM Photon 51 East Main StSuite 203 Newark DE 19711 USA Univ Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463892

In this paper, we present novel designs for all optical analog-to-digital converters simulated and realized in photonic crystal platforms. The designs presented were implemented on both photonic bandgap based structures as well as self collimation based structures. Numerical simulation results as well as fabrication results are also included. Characterization results validate the designs presented for a functional all optical two bit analog to digital converters in photonic crystals. The design presented can be further scaled to higher resolution conversion as well as to no optical frequencies if necessary.

关键词： photonic crystals photonic bandgap self collimation optical analog to digital

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Design of 1x3 photonic crystal power dividers by the technique of impedance matching

Design of 1x3 photonic crystal power dividers by the techniq...

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conference on photonic devices and algorithms for computing Viii

作者： Chen, Rei-Shin Cheng, Pai-Chun Tu, Chun-Hung Lunghwa Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn 300 Wan Shou RdSec 1 Tao Yuan 33306 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0819463892

Two-dimensional 1x3 photonic crystal power dividers in a square lattice of dielectric columns are proposed for equal-power splitting at 1.55 mu m wavelength. Dielectric columns having different radius are used for impedance matching such that high power transmission and equal-power division can be realized. Two proposed structures having normalized total transmitted powers as large as 0.99 are successfully designed.

关键词： impedance matching photonic crystal power divider finite-difference time-domain

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Coherent control of excited atomic states inside a photonic band gap

Coherent control of excited atomic states inside a photonic ...

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conference on photonic Crystal Materials and devices iii (i.e.V)

作者： Nihei, Hiroyuki Okamoto, Atsushi Polytech Coll Aomori Goshogawa Aomori 0370002 Japan Hokkaido Univ Grad Sch Engn Sapporo Hokkaido 0628628 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0819462381

We demonstrate the coherent control of the excited states of the atom embedded in a photonic band gap (PBG) structure by means of a Rabi oscillation. In this demonstration, we show that the atomic decay is strongly suppressed not only during the Rabi oscillation but also during switching process to the final steady state. This switching is achieved by eliminating one of localized field modes arising from the localization of the emitted photon in the vicinity of the atom due to the PBG, where the suppression of the atomic decay during the switching is facilitated by achieving this elimination not outside the PBG but inside the PBG. Such a coherent control of excited states without the atomic decay suggests the possibility of extending the atomic system for quantum computing to act as nearly lossless.

关键词： photonic band gap coherent control quantum computing quantum bit quantum information processing photon localization quantum optics photonic crystals

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Design and analysis of PBG structure for achieving SOI buffer

Design and analysis of PBG structure for achieving SOI buffe...

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conference on photonic devices and algorithms for computing Viii

作者： Pan, Mei-Hsiu Chiang, Chia-Chin Tsao, Shyh-Lin Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Inst Electroopt Sci & Technol Opt Fiber Syst Lab 88Sect 4Ting Chou Rd Taipei 116 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0819463892

Single mode SOI waveguide devices with low propagation loss and low insertion loss have been demonstrated at wavelength lambda=13 mu m and 1.55 mu m, respectively. The wavelength resonator devices have many applications in optical communications including wavelength filtering, routing, switching, modulating, multiplexing, optic buffer, and demultiplexing. We use the free carrier plasma dispersion effect to design the switch of SOI buffer and photonic crystal Bandgap (PBG) waveguide buffer devices are simulated by Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) methods. The technology have made it possible to create micrometer-size photonics devices based on reasonably low-loss semiconductor waveguides. To characterize SOI buffer waveguides delays, the analysis of wavelength response, the number of propagation modes and the waveguide loss are investigated at wavelength 1.55 mu m.

关键词： photonic crystal band gap (PBG) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) optical switch device optical communication component Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD)

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photonic translation of DNAs between microscopic beads and a substrate for a photonic DNA memory

Photonic translation of DNAs between microscopic beads and a...

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conference on Nanoengineering - Fabrication, Properties, Optics and devices iii

作者： Ogura, Yusuke Beppu, Taro Shogenji, Rui Tanida, Jun Osaka Univ Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 5650871 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0819464066

A DNA memory is a storage system utilizing inherent features of DNA, which is promising as a fundamental technology of nanoscale computing. Realizing a practical DNA memory requires establishment of a method for accessing to and controlling certain DNA strands among a lot of strands in a solution with high accuracy and selectivity. For addressing this issue, we have proposed a DNA memory using photonic techniques: the photonic DNA memory. Manipulation of information by using DNAs on a nanoscale and light on a microscale is effective in achieving a high capacity and flexible memory. This paper reports on experimental results of photonic translation of DNAs containing data between microscopic beads and a substrate. The technique is expected to be useful in writing, transferring, and reading necessary information in a photonic DNA memory effectively. In the experiments, we prepared a glass substrate coated with titanylphthalocyanine for light absorption and gold for DNA attachment. Data container DNA strands, which were labeled by fluorescence-dye for observation, were attached on the substrate by hybridization with their complementary strands immobilized on the substrate, then a solution containing 6-micrometer-diameter beads on which DNA strands including the complementary sequence of the data container DNA was placed on the substrate. After a bead was irradiated with a laser beam and translated on the substrate, the fluorescence intensity of the substrate decreased and that of the bead increased. The result indicates that the data container DNA was moved from the substrate to the bead owing to change of the temperature of the solution at the irradiated area.

关键词： photonic DNA memory photonic translation data container DNA nanoscale computing

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Combination of CPW-PBG cell for achieving three band frequency division multiplexer

Combination of CPW-PBG cell for achieving three band frequen...

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conference on photonic devices and algorithms for computing Viii

作者： Weng, Mao-Tung Lee, Wen-Ching Chiang, Chia-Chin Tsao, Shyh-Lin Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Inst Electroopt Sci & Technol Opt Fiber Syst Lab Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0819463892

In this paper, we propose a novel Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) Frequency Division Multiplexer (FDM) using photonic Band Gap (PBG) cell concept. The output frequency and phase responses of these FDMs are also demonstrated. The output frequency bands of our designed one by three FDM include: 1.1 GHz similar to 2.1 GHz, 1.9 GHz similar to 3.7 GHz, 4.4 GHz similar to 7.3 GHz;three various ranges. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show good coincidence. The three-band PBG-CPW FDM can be effectively size reduced for achieving monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) in the future. In other words, this FDM component can be more widely and flexibly applied in microwave communication system.

关键词： coplanar waveguide (CPW) frequency division multiplexer (FDM) photonic bandgap (PBG)

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Recursive Green's function technique and its application to surface-state photonic cavities and waveguides

Recursive Green's function technique and its application to ...

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conference on photonic Crystal Materials and devices iii (i.e.V)

作者： Rahachou, A. I. Zozoulenko, I. V. Linkoping Univ Dept Sci & Technol S-60174 Norrkoping Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)0819462381

We report a new computational method based on the recursive Green's function technique for a calculation of light propagation in photonic crystal (PC) structures. The method computes the Green's function of the photonic structure recursively by adding slice by slice on the basis of the Dyson's equation, that relaxes memory requirements and accelerates the computational process. The method can easily account for the infinite extension of the structure both into the air and into the space occupied by the photonic crystal by making use of the so-called "surface Green's functions". This eliminates the spurious solutions (often present in the conventional finite-difference time domain methods). The developed method has been applied to study surface modes in semi-infinite photonic crystals and their application in surface-state cavities and waveguides. Namely, we demonstrate that confining PC surface states may result in enhanced intensity of an electromagnetic field on the surface and very high Q factor of the surface state. This effect can be employed as an operational principle for surface-mode lasers and sensors. We also show a possibility of using surface states as a novel type of waveguides and discuss their applications as efficient light couplers and directional beamers.

关键词： Waveguides photonic crystals Radio propagation Wave propagation Electromagnetism Scattering Dielectrics Dispersion Crystals Finite-difference time-domain method

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Light pulse delay in semiconductor quantum well Bragg structures

Light pulse delay in semiconductor quantum well Bragg struct...

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conference on Advanced Optical and Quantum Memories and computing iii

作者： Kwong, N. H. Yang, Z. S. Nguyen, D. T. Binder, R. Smirl, Arthur L. Univ Arizona Coll Opt Sci Tucson AZ 85721 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819461725

We present a theoretical analysis of light pulse delay in resonant photonic bandgap structures made from Bragg-spaced semiconductor quantum wells. Quantum well Bragg structures offer the possibility for parametric manipulation of the polariton band structure. This, in turn, may be used for stopping, storing, and releasing of light pulses. Based on a theoretical model utilizing a time-dependent transfer matrix approach to the solution of Maxwell's equations, we study light pulse propagation, light pulse trapping and releasing, and light pulse deformation in these structures. We discuss the photonic band structure concepts relevant to our light delay scheme and present numerical simulation results of pulse delay through presently existing quantum well Bragg structures.

关键词： slow light quantum well Bragg structures photonic band structure anti-reflection coating

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