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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Physiology and Function from Multidimensional Images"

共 331 条记录，以下是291-300 订阅

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Simple models may help to study the complex relations between gut wall configuration and flow of luminal contents: Speculation on the function of the colonic haustrations

Simple models may help to study the complex relations betwee...

引用

SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： BROWN, BP UNIV IOWA DEPT RADIOLIOWA CITYIA 52242

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

Study of the motility of the gut and flow in the gut lumen is complex. We have used simple models of the colon to suggest that focal, segmental narrowing of the lumen of a large-bore tube produces an increase in distance traveled by solids and liquids compared to a tube of the same volume which has smooth cylindrical walls. This suggests that the colonic septae may promote efficient transit of solids and liquids even in an organ with large diameter.

关键词： Solids Liquids Colon Solid modeling Heart Stomach Cardiovascular system Glasses Image segmentation Motion models

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Three-dimensional finite element models from magnetic resonance images as a structural framework for continuum analysis of the heart

Three-dimensional finite element models from magnetic resona...

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SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： MCCULLOCH, AD COSTA, KD UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO DEPT BIOENGNLA JOLLACA 92093

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an extremely versatile technique for noninvasive imaging of the anatomy, structure, and physiological function of the heart and other soft tissues and organs. Although mathematical models have often been used to enhance the information content of medical images, these models are most often based on the physics of the imaging system rather that the properties of the target organ or tissue. We use finite element (FE) models of regional mechanical and electrical function in the intact heart to compute 3D distributions of important physiological field variables, such as myocardial stress, that cannot be imaged directly. A parametric model of the heart based on the physical properties of the organ as a material continuum provides a general and convenient way to synthesize clinical data, such as multidimensional images, with experimental tests, such as biomechanical and histological studies.

关键词： 3D modeling Heart Data modeling Magnetic resonance imaging Finite element methods 3D image processing Magnetism Mathematical modeling Tissues Chemical elements

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Use of multidimensional, multimodal imaging and PACS to support neurological diagnoses

Use of multidimensional, multimodal imaging and PACS to supp...

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SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： WONG, STC KNOWLTON, R HOO, KS HUANG, HK UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO DEPT RADIOLSAN FRANCISCOCA 94143

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

Technological advances in brain imaging have revolutionized diagnosis in neurology and neurological surgery. Major imaging techniques include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize structural anatomy, positron emission tomography (PET) to image metabolic function and cerebral blood flow, magnetoencephalography (MEG) to visualize the location of physiologic current sources, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure specific biochemicals. Each of these techniques studies different biomedical aspects of the brain, but there lacks an effective means to quantify and correlate the disparate imaging datasets in order to improve clinical decision making processes. This paper describes several techniques developed in a UNIX-based neurodiagnostic workstation to aid the noninvasive presurgical evaluation of epilepsy patients. These techniques include online access to the picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) multimedia archive, coregistration of multimodality image datasets, and correlation and quantitation of structural and functional information contained in the registered images. For illustration, we describe the use of these techniques in a patient case of nonlesional neocortical epilepsy. We also present out future work based on preliminary studies.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Epilepsy Picture Archiving and Communication System Positron emission tomography Databases Diagnostics Surgery Magnetoencephalography Brain Neuroimaging

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Speech simulation based on MR images of the vocal tract

Speech simulation based on MR images of the vocal tract

引用

SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： STORY, BH HOFFMAN, EA TITZE, IR UNIV IOWA NATL CTR VOICE & SPEECHDEPT SPEECH PATHOL & AUDIOLIOWA CITYIA 52242

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

There have been considerable research efforts in the area of vocal tract modeling, but there is still a very small body of information regarding direct 3D measurements of the vocal tract shape. The purpose of this study was to acquire, using MRI, an inventory of 3D vocal tract airway shapes that correspond to a particular set of vowels and consonants. The 3D shapes were analyzed to find the cross-sectional areas along the centerline extending from the glottis to the mouth to produce an 'area function'. These area functions were then used as input to a computer model of 1D acoustic wave propagation in the vocal tract. The final result was a simulation of the speech waveform radiated from the mouth and closely similar to the speech waveform recorded from the same subject.

关键词： MRI SPEECH SYNTHESIS SIMULATION VOCAL TRACT

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Fractal analysis of high-resolution CT images as a tool for quantification of lung diseases

Fractal analysis of high-resolution CT images as a tool for ...

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SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： UPPALURI, R MITSA, T GALVIN, JR UNIV IOWA DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGNIOWA CITYIA 52242

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

Fractal geometry is increasingly being used to model complex naturally occurring phenomena. There are two types of fractals in nature-geometric fractals and stochastic fractals. The pulmonary branching structure is a geometric fractal and the intensity of its grey scale image is a stochastic fractal. In this paper, we attempt to quantify the texture of CT lung images using properties of both types of fractals. A simple algorithm for detection of abnormality in human lungs, based on 2D and 3D fractal dimensions, is presented. This method involves calculating the local fractal dimensions, based on intensities, in the 2D slice to aid enhancement. Following this, grey level thresholding is performed and a global fractal dimension, based on structure, for the entire data is estimated in 2D and 3D. High resolution CT images of normal and abnormal lungs were analyzed. Preliminary results showed that classification of normal and abnormal images could be obtained based on the differences between their global fractal dimensions.

关键词： PULMONARY STRUCTURE AND function EDGE DETECTION FRACTAL DIMENSION FRACTAL BROWNIAN MOTION BOX-COUNTING

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Blood flow estimation in gastroscopic true-color images

Blood flow estimation in gastroscopic true-color images

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SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： JACOBY, RS HERPERS, R ZWIEBEL, FM ENGLMEIER, KH ALEXANDER HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN KLINIKUM CHARITEMED CLIN 2D-10098 BERLINGERMANY

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

The assessment of blood flow in the gastrointestinal mucosa might be an important factor for the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases such as ulcers, gastritis, colitis, or early cancer. The quantity of blood flow is roughly estimated by computing the spatial hemoglobin distribution in the mucosa. The presented method enables a practical realization by calculating approximately the hemoglobin concentration based on a spectrophotometric analysis of endoscopic true-color images, which are recorded during routine examinations. A system model based on the reflectance spectroscopic law of Kubelka-Munk is derived which enables an estimation of the hemoglobin concentration by means of the color values of the images. Additionally, a transformation of the color values is developed in order to improve the luminance independence. Applying this transformation and estimating the hemoglobin concentration for each pixel of interest, the hemoglobin distribution can be computed. The obtained results are mostly independent of luminance. An initial validation of the presented method is performed by a quantitative estimation of the reproducibility.

关键词： BLOOD FLOW DISTRIBUTION OF HEMOGLOBIN ENDOSCOPIC TRUE-COLOR images COLOR IMAGE ANALYSIS REFLECTANCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

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Neural network-based method for intrathoracic airway detection from three-dimensional CT images

Neural network-based method for intrathoracic airway detecti...

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SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： KIM, JW SONKA, M UNIV IOWA DEPT BIOMED ENGNIOWA CITYIA 52242

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

This paper presents a neural network-based method for intrathoracic airway detection and segmentation from 3D HRCT images. Two feed-forward neural networks are independently trained to identify various airway appearances in 3D CT images. While the first network identifies potential airways located adjacent to vessels, the second network identifies potential airways by assessing the existence of walls surrounding airways, The two networks are combined to construct a dual-network classifier taking its inputs from a 21 X 21 moving subimage window: (1) raw gray-level subimage and (2) 4 directional profiles. By design, each network provides a superset of airways that are present in the CT images and only the airways identified by both networks are considered reliable. After the networks are trained by the generalized delta rule with momentum using limited number of airway/nonairway samples apart from the validation data sets, the generalization performance of the networks is assessed with two independent standards consisting of 282 and 167 observer-traced airways. The performance of the current method is compared with that of the conventional seeded region growing method. Our validation results indicate that the presented method indeed provide enhanced detection of peripheral airways compared to the conventional region growing method.

关键词： NEURAL NETWORKS INTRATHORACIC AIRWAY TREE PATTERN RECOGNITION CT SEGMENTATION IMAGE ANALYSIS

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Evaluation of ROI methods for quantitative FDOPA PET images

Evaluation of ROI methods for quantitative FDOPA PET images

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SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： YU, DC LIN, KP YANG, J HUANG, SC UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES SCH MEDDIV NUCL MED & BIOPHYSLOS ANGELESCA 90024

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

Issues about the accuracy of ROI definition methods for FDOPA PET studies were investigated. An MRI-based ROI method and manually defined ROI method were compared using a computer simulated brain phantom and four real PET studies. The results indicate the error or discrepancy between MRI-based ROI and manually defined ROI is small (< equals 5%) at different head orientations and different noise levels. The VOI is not sensitive to the orientation, but the mid-plane ROI is also fairly reliable.

关键词： Positron emission tomography Computer simulations Head Magnetic resonance imaging Brain Scanners Thallium Image filtering Medicine Neuroimaging

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Keynote on physiology and function from multi dimensional images: Motion and mechanics 3-D and beyond

Keynote on physiology and function from multi dimensional im...

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Medical Imaging 1995: physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： Fung, Y.C. University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093-0412 United States

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Validation of an enhanced knowledge-based method for segmentation and quantitative analysis of intrathoracic airway trees from three-dimensional CT images

Validation of an enhanced knowledge-based method for segment...

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SPIE Medical Imaging 1995 conference - physiology and function from multidimensional images

作者： SONKA, M PARK, WK HOFFMAN, EA UNIV IOWA DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGNIOWA CITYIA 52242

ISBN: (纸本)0819417815

Accurate assessment of airway physiology, evaluated in terms of geometric changes, is critically dependent upon the accurate imaging and image segmentation of the 3D airway tree structure. We have previously reported a knowledge-based method for 3D airway tree segmentation from high resolution CT (HRCT) images. Here we report a substantially improved version of our method. In the current implementation, the method consists of several stages. First, the lung borders are automatically determined in the 3D set of HRCT data. The primary airway tree is semi-automatically identified. In the next stage, potential airways are determined in individual CT slices using a rule- based system that uses contextual information and a priori knowledge about pulmonary anatomy. Using 3D connectivity properties of the pulmonary airway tree, the 3D tree is constructed from the set of adjacent slices. The method's performance and accuracy were assessed in five 3D HRCT canine images. Computer-identified airways matched 226/258 observer-defined airways (87.6%); the computer method failed to detect the airways in the remaining 32 locations. By visual assessment of rendered airway trees, the experienced observers judged the computer-detected airway trees as highly realistic.

关键词： SEGMENTATION KNOWLEDGE INTRATHORACIC AIRWAYS REGION ADJACENCY GRAPH HRCT IMAGING 3-DIMENSIONAL VISUALIZATION 3-DIMENSIONAL IMAGE ANALYSIS

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