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Nonlinear model predictive control for fossil power plants

Proceedings of the 1992 American control conference

作者： Gibbs, Bruce P. Coleman Research Corp Greenview MD United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780302109

This paper details the development of practical, multivariate, nonlinear, model predictive control (NMPC) for fossil power plants. The approach used here involves the development of a first-principles, nonlinear, reduced-order model (ROM) which captures the dominant static and dynamic characteristics of a power plant. The parameters of the model are estimated using prediction error methods or nonlinear least squares. This model is then used in a Kalman filter to estimate process states in real time. These estimated states are used for prediction, enabling the computation of the optimal control sequence. Compared to linear forms of MPC, the nonlinear first-principles approach has the significant advantages of a greater operating range, and the capability to generate diagnostics for operators. The results of the full-scale boiler control simulation conclusively demonstrate feasibility of the approach, and appear to be significantly better than those of most existing control systems. Implementation and on-line testing at an operating plant is planned. The focus of this paper is the development of the ROM, since this is the key to successful implementation of the approach. A previous paper described the estimation/control methodology and results in more detail.

关键词： Fossil fuel power plants

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The application of integrated diagnostics techniques to heavy duty vehicle testing

The application of integrated diagnostics techniques to heav...

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International Automatic Testing conference, AUTOTESTCON

作者： M.D. Brazet Automated System Department General Electric Company Limited Burlington MA USA

With the recent addition of vehicle electronics, there are many analogies between fleet maintenance in the heavy duty vehicle industry and maintenance of military systems. These similarities allow integrated diagnostics tools, practices and techniques developed for weapon systems to be applied to heavy duty vehicles. The author defines the integrated diagnostics process, provides a brief discussion of the evolution of electronic applications in the heavy duty vehicle industry, and applies the principles of integrated diagnostics to optimizing a diagnostic implementation.< >

关键词： Vehicles Testing Costs Fault detection Assembly Microcomputers Communication system control Industrial electronics Defense industry Electronics industry

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Neural network application to comprehensive engine diagnostics

Neural network application to comprehensive engine diagnosti...

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IEEE International conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： K.A. Marko B. Bryant N. Soderborg Ford Motor Company Limited Dearborn MI USA

The authors examine the application of trainable classification systems to the problem of diagnosing faults in engines at the manufacturing plant. It is demonstrated how a combination of conventional statistical processing methods and neural networks can be combined to create a classifier system for engine diagnostics. The most significant computational effort is required for the principal component analysis and to properly develop the hard-shell classifiers using data sets augmented with Monte Carlo methods. Once these procedures are carried out, the application of neural networks to the data set to obtain the trainable classifier is quite straightforward.< >

关键词： Neural networks Engines Fault diagnosis Training data Fault detection Manufacturing processes Statistical distributions Statistical analysis process control Sensor fusion

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An IMC-Based Extended PID controller for Sampled-Data Systems

An IMC-Based Extended PID Controller for Sampled-Data System...

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American control conference (ACC)

作者： Jimmy Jian-Min Zhu Michael F. Saucier Process and Instrumentation Diagnostics Inc. Phoenix AZ USA

Extended Proportional Integral Derivative (EPID) is a model based control algorithm which consists of a conventional digital PID controller plus an additional compensator. This novel extension to the PID control algorithm offers the same properties as the IMC controller for a broad class of common industrial process models. EPID control simplifies the industrial implementation of IMC and has three important additional advantages. First, since EPID is based on the PID algorithm, it is easily understood by process engineers, control engineers and maintenance personnel. Second, the EPID strategy is easy to implement on industrial distributed control systems and can take full advantage of the functionality built into the available PID algorithms such as set-point tracking, automatic mode switching, etc. Third, since the IMC design procedure for sampled-data systems is used to derive the EPID controller parameters, it results in a controller that eliminates intersample rippling of the manipulated variable and overshoot of the process variable. Additionally, EPID explicitly takes into account model uncertainty, and has only one adjustable parameter which is directly related to the closed-loop speed of response and to control robustness. This paper presents the derivation of the EPID algorithm and IMC-based EPID tuning rules for common industrial process models. The practical and powerful EPID design tools, including performance analysis and robust stability analysis allow the designer to achieve the best compromise between the conflicting objectives of performance and robustness.

关键词： Three-term control control systems Electrical equipment industry Industrial control Automatic control PD control Pi control Proportional control Performance analysis Robust stability

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Nonlinear Model Predictive control for Fossil Power Plants

Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for Fossil Power Plants

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American control conference (ACC)

作者： Bruce P. Gibbs David S. Weber Coleman Research Corporation Laurel MD USA Sewell NJ USA

关键词： Predictive models Predictive control Power generation Read only memory State estimation Reduced order systems Least squares approximation Optimal control Boilers Computational modeling

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The effect of bursty traffic on the performance of local area networks

The effect of bursty traffic on the performance of local are...

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[conference Record] GLOBECOM '92 - Communications for Global Users: IEEE

作者： K.M. Khalil Y.S. Sun Bell Communications Research Inc. Piscataway NJ USA

LAN performance under typical network configurations and realistic workloads indicative of today's computing environments is examined. Hub topologies are common configurations for Ethernet and token ring networks due to their flexibility and their support for network management and diagnostics. Moreover, traffic generated within these networks tends to be much burstier than represented by typical load models This increase in traffic burstiness is due to the widespread use of distributed applications (e.g., distributed file systems and distributed databases) and high-speed computers capable of transmitting large amounts of data in a very short period of time. The Markov modulated Poisson process, (MMPP) is used to model the burstiness of network loads. The effect of bursty traffic on the application-to-application performance is studied, and the effect of mixing different types of traffic on the same network is shown.< >

关键词： Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Computer networks Local area networks Network topology Ethernet networks Token networks Computer network management Load modeling Application software

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PLC diagnostics for operations and maintenance reduces process downtime

PLC diagnostics for operations and maintenance reduces proce...

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4th International Power Generation Exhibition and conference Part 11 and 12

作者： Ferguson, David A. Sykora, Glenn Instrument Control Service Inc

Many industrial manufacturing processes can benefit from advanced process monitoring and diagnostics software tools. This paper describes the capabilities of one such system and the techniques used to implement a diagnostics and maintenance system for power generation. The system described communicates with multiple PLCs to provide alarm text and drawings on networked computer stations throughout a plant.

关键词： Power generation

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Reliable process control by 4-parameter controllers

Reliable process control by 4-parameter controllers

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Proceedings of the 1991 American control conference

作者： Wu, Xianchun Cinar, Ali

ISBN: (纸本)0879425652

The 4-parameter controller can provide information about sensor and actuator performance, while tracking set-point changes and rejecting disturbances. A design method is presented for H2-optimal 4-parameter controller, and controller reconfiguration strategies in the presence of sensor and actuator faults are proposed. The controller is implemented on a heat exchanger system to conduct control simulations and experiments, and the results indicate satisfactory robust control and good diagnostics for white-noise disturbances.

关键词： process control

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REAL-TIME FAULT diagnostics WITH MULTIPLE ASPECT MODELS

REAL-TIME FAULT DIAGNOSTICS WITH MULTIPLE ASPECT MODELS

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1991 INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION

作者： PADALKAR, S KARSAI, G SZTIPANOVITS, J OKUDA, K MIYASAKA, N Dept of Electr Eng Vanderbilt Univ Nashville TN USA

ISBN: (纸本)081862163X

A real-time fault diagnostics system that is applicable for diagnosing large-scale plants is described. It uses a multiple aspect model of the plant including the hierarchical process model (HPM), the hierarchical component model (HCM), and the hierarchical fault model (HFM). HFM represents the spatial and temporal aspects of faulty behavior in the form of a hierarchical fault propagation digraph. The reasoning algorithm is based on the structural and temporal constraint enforcement, and is migrated to lower levels of HFM hierarchy. It is able to guarantee response times, perform nonmonotonic and temporal reasoning, operate continuously, accept asynchronous data, generate requests, perform time and diagnostic resolution tradeoffs, and diagnose single and most multiple fault cases.

关键词： control Systems

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IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE BONDING AND SOLDERABILITY OF SURFACE MOUNT COMPONENTS USING PLASMA CLEANING TECHNIQUES

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS HYBRIDS AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 1991年第3期14卷 573-579页

作者： RUST, RD DOANE, DA SAWCHYN, I DAD TECHNOL INC LA JOLLACA 92038

The bonding of surface mounted components to printed wiring boards (PWB's) is critical to the high-yield assembly of components to the PWB. This process is one of the last steps performed in a complicated manufacturing and assembly sequence. Poor bondability at this late stage of assembly produces costly scrap. Aggressive wet chemical processes are often used to improve bondability by cleaning the bonding lands in an attempt to salvage PWB's with poor bonding yields. The aggressive wet chemical processes may succeed in cleaning the residues from the metal bonding lands, but the process may cause the polymeric materials that surround the land areas to lift away from the lands or become porous, or may even destroy surface markings and nomenclature. Even with careful process control during the final formation of land areas in the conformal coating, a thin residue, often invisible to the eye, can partially or fully cover the bonding land area. The residue may be extremely thin, but it inhibits bonding and is very resistant to conventional wet chemical cleaning methods. Plasma chemical etching is the one chemical process that can remove the residue from the metal lands and restore bondability without damaging other surfaces of the ready-to-assemble PWB. This dry, environmentally benign vacuum process completely removes organic residues by breaking them up into oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon species. These species then recombine to form volatile compounds that are desorbed from the surface and removed by the vacuum system. The surface that is left behind is chemically clean of organic materials. In this paper we report on examples of plasma-removed residues from PWB surface mount bonding lands. The land areas are defined in photodefinable conformal coatings by conventional photolithographic techniques and have a nonvisible surface residue which inhibits subsequent bonding to the land. Auger analysis, electroless tin plating, and hot air solder leveling are used as diagnosti

关键词： Wire Bonding Land surface Plasma applications Copper Coatings Polymers Surface cleaning Plasma chemistry Plasma diagnostics

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