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51 篇 会议

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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XIX and Active and Passive Signatures VI"

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Instantaneous Stepped-Frequency, Non-linear radar 19

Instantaneous Stepped-Frequency, Non-linear Radar

引用

conference on radar sensor technology xix;and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Ranney, Kenneth Gallagher, Kyle Martone, Anthony Mazzaro, Gregory Sherbondy, Kelly Narayanan, Ram US Army Res Lab Adelphi MD 20783 USA Penn State Univ State Coll PA USA The Citadel Charleston SC USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

Researchers have recently developed radar systems capable of exploiting non-linear target responses to precisely locate targets in range. These systems typically achieve the bandwidth necessary for range resolution through transmission of either a stepped-frequency or chirped waveform. The second harmonic of the reflected waveform is then analyzed to isolate the non-linear target response. In other experiments, researchers have identified certain targets through the inter-modulation products they produce in response to a multi-tone stimulus. These experiments, however, do not exploit the phase information available in the inter-modulation products. We present a method for exploiting both the magnitude and phase information available in the inter-modulation products to create an "instantaneous" stepped frequency, non-linear target response. The new approach enables us to both maintain the unambiguous range dictated by the fundamental, multi-tone separation and obtain the entire target signature from a single transmitted waveform.

关键词： Intermodulation radar Interference (communication) Target detection Analytical research Data acquisition Nonlinear filtering Signal to noise ratio Synthetic aperture radar Electronic components

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Range detection using entangled optical photons 19

Range detection using entangled optical photons

引用

conference on radar sensor technology xix and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Brandsema, Matthew J. Narayanan, Ram N. Lanzagorta, Marco Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA Naval Res Lab Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

Quantum radar is an emerging field that shows a lot of promise in providing significantly improved resolution compared to its classical radar counterpart. The key to this kind of resolution lies in the correlations created from the entanglement of the photons being used. Currently, the technology available only supports quantum radar implementation and validation in the optical regime, as opposed to the microwave regime, because microwave photons have very low energy compared to optical photons. Furthermore, there currently do not exist practical single photon detectors and generators in the microwave spectrum. viable applications in the optical regime include deep sea target detection and high resolution detection in space. In this paper, we propose a conceptual architecture of a quantum radar which uses entangled optical photons based on Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC) methods. After the entangled photons are created and emerge from the crystal, the idler photon is detected very shortly thereafter. At the same time, the signal photon is sent out towards the target and upon its reflection will impinge on the detector of the radar. From these two measurements, correlation data processing is done to obtain the distance of the target away from the radar. Various simulations are then shown to display the resolution that is possible.

关键词： Quantum radar Entanglement SPDC Quantum LIDAR

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Filter Selection For a Harmonic radar 19

Filter Selection For a Harmonic Radar

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conference on radar sensor technology xix and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Gallagher, Kyle A. Mazzaro, Gregory J. Martone, Anthony F. Sherbondy, Kelly D. Narayanan, Ram M. Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA The Citadel Dept Elect & Comp Engn Charleston SC 29409 USA US Army Res Lab Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

In a harmonic radar system design, one of the most important components is the filter used to remove the self-generated harmonics by the high-power transmitter power amplifier, which is usually driven close to its 1-dB compression point. The obvious choice for this filter is a low-pass filter. The low-pass filter will be required to attenuate stop band frequencies with 100 dB attenuation or more. Due to the high degree of attenuation required, multiple low-pass filter will likely be required. Most commercially available low-pass filters are reflective devices, which operate by reflecting the unwanted high frequencies. Cascading these reflective filter causes issues in attenuating stop band frequencies. We show that frequency diplexers are more attractive in place of reflective low-pass filters as they are able to terminate the stop band frequencies as opposed to reflecting them.

关键词： Harmonic radar filter selection cascaded filters diplexer

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System-on-Chip Architecture and Validation for Real-Time Transceiver Optimization: APC Implementation on FPGA 19

System-on-Chip Architecture and Validation for Real-Time Tra...

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conference on radar sensor technology xix;and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Suarez, Hernan Zhang, Yan (Rockee) Univ Oklahoma Intelligent Aerosp Radar Team Norman OK 73072 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

New radar applications need to perform complex algorithms and process large quantity of data to generate useful information for the users. This situation has motivated the search for better processing solutions that include low-power high-performance processors, efficient algorithms, and high-speed interfaces. In this work, hardware implementation of adaptive pulse compression for real-time transceiver optimization are presented, they are based on a System-on-Chip architecture for Xilinx devices. This study also evaluates the performance of dedicated coprocessor as hardware accelerator units to speed up and improve the computation of computing-intensive tasks such matrix multiplication and matrix inversion which are essential units to solve the covariance matrix. The tradeoffs between latency and hardware utilization are also presented. Moreover, the system architecture takes advantage of the embedded processor, which is interconnected with the logic resources through the high-performance AXI buses, to perform floating-point operations, control the processing blocks, and communicate with external PC through a customized software interface. The overall system functionality is demonstrated and tested for real-time operations using a Ku-band tested together with a low-cost channel emulator for different types of waveforms.

关键词： System-on-chip adaptive pulse compression FPGA

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Study of the microdoppler signature of a bicyclist for different directions of approach 19

Study of the microdoppler signature of a bicyclist for diffe...

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conference on radar sensor technology xix and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Rodriguez-Hervas, Berta Maile, Michael Flores, Benjamin C. Univ Texas El Paso Dept Elect & Comp Engn El Paso TX 79968 USA Mercedes Benz Res & Dev North Amer Autonomous Driving Sunnyvale CA 94085 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

The successful implementation of autonomous driving in an urban setting depends on the ability of the environment perception system to correctly classify vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and bicyclists in dense, complex scenarios. Self-driving vehicles include sensor systems such as cameras, lidars, and radars to enable decision-making. Among these systems, radars are particularly relevant due to their operational robustness under adverse weather and night light conditions. Classification of pedestrian and car in urban settings using automotive radar has been widely investigated, suggesting that micro-Doppler signatures are useful for target discrimination. Our objective is to analyze and study the micro-Doppler signature of bicyclists approaching a vehicle from different directions in order to establish the basis of a classification criterion to distinguish bicycles from other targets including clutter. The micro-Doppler signature is obtained by grouping individual reflecting points using a clustering algorithm and observing the evolution of all the points belonging to an object in the Doppler domain over time. A comparison is then made with simulated data that uses a kinematic model of bicyclists' movement. The suitability of the micro-Doppler bicyclist signature as a classification feature is determined by comparing it to those belonging to cars and pedestrians approaching the automotive radar system.

关键词： Automotive systems Micro-Doppler signature bicyclist pedestrian car FMCW radar

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Characterization of radar cross section of carbon fiber composite materials 19

Characterization of radar cross section of carbon fiber comp...

引用

conference on radar sensor technology xix and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Riley, Elliot J. Lenzing, Erik H. Narayanan, Ram M. Penn State Univ Appl Res Lab University Pk PA 16804 USA Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

Carbon fiber composite (CFC) materials have been used for many structural applications for decades. Their electromagnetic properties are also of great interest and are being quantified by recent research. This research explores shielding effectiveness, antenna design, conductivity, reflection, and absorption properties. The work in this paper specifically characterizes the radar cross section (RCS) of CFC structures. Various CFC planar samples were created using a wet layup method and vacuum bagging techniques. These samples were then placed in an anechoic chamber and their RCS values were measured at normal incidence. These measured values were compared to those of aluminum samples made into the same shape as the CFC samples. All of the measurements were made over 7 - 12 GHz frequency range. The RCS of the CFC samples show some interesting results. The fiber direction in the CFC samples had great influence on the RCS. Theories and reasoning for the results are presented and discussed.

关键词： Carbon fiber conductive composites carbon fiber RCS carbon fiber reflection properties

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radar sensitivity to human heartbeats and respiration 19

Radar sensitivity to human heartbeats and respiration

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conference on radar sensor technology xix and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Aardal, Oyvind Brovoll, Sverre Paichard, Yoann Berger, Tor Lande, Tor Sverre Hamran, Svein-Erik Forsvarets Forskningsinst FFI N-2027 Kjeller Norway Univ Oslo Dept Informat N-0316 Oslo Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

Human heartbeats and respiration can be detected from a distance using radar. This can be used for medical applications and human being detection. It is useful to have a system independent measure of how detectable the vital signs are. In radar applications, the radar Cross Section (RCS) is normally used to characterize the detectability of an object. Since the human vital signs are seen by the radar as movements of the torso, the modulations in the person RCS can be used as a system independent measure of the vital signs detectability. In this paper, measurements of persons seated in an anechoic chamber are presented. The measurements were calibrated using empty room and a metallic calibration sphere. A narrowband radar operating at frequencies from 500 MHz to 18 GHz in discrete steps was used. A turntable provided measurements at precise aspect angles all around the person under test. In an I & Q receiver, the heartbeat and respiration modulation is a combination of amplitude and phase mod-modulations. The measurements were filtered, leaving the modulations from the vital signs in the radar recordings. The procedure for RCS computation was applied to these filtered data, capturing the complex signatures. It was found that both the heartbeat and respiration detectability increase with increasing frequency. The heartbeat signatures are almost equal from the front and the back, while being almost undetectable from the sides of the person. The respiration signatures are slightly higher from the front than from the back, and smaller from the sides. The signature measurements presented in this paper provide an objective system independent measure of the detectability of human vital signs as a function of frequency and aspect angle. These measures are useful for example in system design and in assessing real measurement scenarios.

关键词： radar radar Cross Section heartbeats medical radar respiration

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Short-Range Harmonic radar: Chirp Waveform, Electronic Targets 19

Short-Range Harmonic Radar: Chirp Waveform, Electronic Targe...

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conference on radar sensor technology xix and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Mazzaro, Gregory J. Gallagher, Kyle A. Martone, Anthony F. Sherbondy, Kelly D. Narayanan, Ram M. Mil Coll South Carolina Dept Elect & Comp Engn Charleston SC 29409 USA Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA US Army Res Lab Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

Radio-frequency (RF) electronic targets, such as man-portable electronics, cannot be detected by traditional linear radar because the radar cross section of those targets is much smaller than that of nearby clutter. One technology that is capable of separating RF electronic targets from naturally-occurring clutter is nonlinear radar. Presented in this paper is the evolution of nonlinear radar at the United States Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and recent results of short-range over-the-air harmonic radar tests there. For the present implementation of ARL's nonlinear radar, the transmit waveform is a chirp which sweeps one frequency at constant amplitude over an ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB). The receiver captures a single harmonic of this entire chirp. From the UWB received harmonic, a nonlinear frequency response of the radar environment is constructed. An inverse Fourier Transform of this nonlinear frequency response reveals the range to the nonlinear target within the environment. The chirped harmonic radar concept is validated experimentally using a wideband horn antenna and commercial off-the-shelf electronic targets.

关键词： electronic harmonic linear chirp nonlinear radar target waveform ultra-wideband

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The implementation of compressive sensing on an FPGA for chaotic radars 19

The implementation of compressive sensing on an FPGA for cha...

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conference on radar sensor technology xix and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Ochoa, Hector A. Hoe, David H. Veeramachaneni, Dinesh Univ Texas Tyler Tyler TX 75799 USA Loyola Univ Maryland Baltimore MD 21210 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

Most of the advances in current radar systems are aimed at improving their resolution. As a result, their operating frequency has been increased from 10GHz up to 94GHz, and new millimeter-wave (100-300GHz) radar systems are currently being studied. One of the major concerns with these frequencies is the associated large bandwidth requirement. Compressive Sensing (CS), also known as Compressive Sampling, has been proposed as a solution to overcome the aforementioned problems by exploiting the sparsity of the radar signal. Using the CS method, a sparse signal can be reconstructed even if it is sampled below the Nyquist rate. This method provides a completely new way to reconstruct the signal using optimization techniques and a minimum number of observations. The objective of this research project is to investigate and develop a Chaotic radar Imaging system that leverages Compressive Sensing (CS) technology to improve the image resolution without increasing the amount of processed data. In addition to demonstrating the validity of the proposed approach through simulations, this project seeks to develop and implement hardware prototypes for the proposed imaging radar system. Simulated chaotic radar data was generated and loaded to the FPGA board to test the algorithms and their performance. The results from implementing the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP), the Compressive Sensing Matching Pursuit (CSMP), and the Stagewise Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (StOMP) algorithms to a Xilinx ZedBoard will be presented.

关键词： Chaotic radar Compressive Sensing Matched Filter FPGA OMP StOMP CSMP

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Calculation of the Phase-Center Offset from 2D Antenna Radiation Patterns 19

Calculation of the Phase-Center Offset from 2D Antenna Radia...

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conference on radar sensor technology xix;and active and passive signatures vi

作者： Debroux, P. Verdin, B. Pichardo, S. Army Res Lab WSMR Albuquerque NM 87185 USA Univ Texas El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415773

Centering the phase-center of an antenna onto the rotational axis used to measure its radiation pattern is an iterative and time consuming process. To facilitate this process, an algorithm has been developed to calculate the phase-center offset from the axis of rotation of a 2D antenna pattern. The hybrid algorithm is comprised of a combination of the two-point method to calculate the offset along the antenna mainbeam, and an antisymmetry method is used to calculate offset perpendicular to the mainbeam direction. The algorithm is tested on the E-plane radiation pattern of a cylindrical horn antenna calculated using the HFSS electromagnetic simulation engine, radiating at 5GHz. The algorithm calculates the phase-center offset to within 15%. Because the algorithm analyzes the unwrapped phase of the radiation pattern, which it converts to offset distance, no ambiguity due to offsets greater than a wavelength exist. Using this algorithm, the phase-center of the antenna can be placed coincident to the axis of rotation after the first antenna pattern is measured and analyzed.

关键词： Antennas Algorithm development Error analysis Data centers Electroluminescence Electromagnetic simulation Analytical research Phase measurement Phase shifts radar

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