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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XXII"

共 39 条记录，以下是11-20 订阅

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Characterization of Wall Structures with Microwaves 22

Characterization of Wall Structures with Microwaves

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Haas, A. Peichl, M. Dill, S. German Aerosp Ctr DLR Microwaves & Radar Inst Muenchener Str 20 D-82234 Wessling Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Through Wall Imaging radars enable users from the areas of the police, military or disaster control to identify textures behind the wall that is urgently needed for later actions from a safe distance. A major challenge of the Through Wall Imaging technology is to get rid of the negative parts of the backscattered data so that the image can be interpreted correctly and unambiguously. An important factor affecting the image degradation is the first wall structure, which leads to distortion in the signal when the electromagnetic waves pass through the wall. In order to reconstruct a measured radar image of a complex target scene behind the wall as accurately as possible, it is mandatory to know the specific composition of the wall. The paper will give an overview of an investigation of wall structure determination by using microwave radiation including the theory of wave propagation in layered media and simulation results for radar range signatures of artificial and well defined wall structures. Furthermore measurement results of radar range signatures of real materials like calcium silicate brick and hollow brick as well as radar range signatures of layered materials in the frequency range of 1 to 8 GHz and 2 to 18 GHz are presented.

关键词： radar range signatures building wall wall structure reflection multi-layer permittivity

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Software-defined radios for the implementation of randomized arrays 22

Software-defined radios for the implementation of randomized...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Gallagher, Kyle Galanos, Daniel Hedden, Abigail Cutitta, Roger McNamara, David Freeman, Stephen Dietlein, Charles Kirk, Ben Narayanan, Ram Ranney, Kenneth US Army Res Lab 2800 Powder Mill Rd Adelphi MD 20783 USA Alion Sci & Technol 1750 Tysons BlvdSte 1300 Mclean VA 22102 USA Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

A data collection system using software defined radios to perform multi-static radar measurements is presented. The basic architecture and operational capabilities of the selected software defined radios (SDRs) are described. Issues associated with device synchronization are discussed, and waveform implementation procedures are also outlined. Finally, results of preliminary experiments are presented, indicating the potential of SDRs for realizing a cost-effective radar system testbed. In particular, it is demonstrated that by rearranging the SDR configuration, it becomes possible to realize various receive array configurations for detection of moving targets.

关键词： radar Target detection Antennas Global Positioning System Reflectors Signal generators Clocks Field programmable gate arrays Signal processing Transmitters

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Implementation and Enhancement of Hilbert Transform-Based Calibration in a K Band FMCW radar for High-Resolution Security Applications 22

Implementation and Enhancement of Hilbert Transform-Based Ca...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Menon, Arya Mumcu, Gokhan Weller, Thomas M. Univ S Florida Dept Elect Engn 4202 E Fowler Ave Tampa FL 33620 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

This paper presents the design and calibration of a short-range, K band (18-26 GHz) frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar prototype with a theoretical range resolution of 2 cm, making it suitable for security screening applications. Additionally, this work examines the theoretical considerations for expanding the calibration algorithm for potential application in synthetic aperture radar (SAR). radar based security scanners rely on large signal bandwidth to achieve range (depth) resolution capabilities on the order of a few centimeters;a system capable of 2 cm range resolution - an approximate requirement for a security sensor - must operate with 8 GHz of bandwidth. The radar presented in this paper uses commercially available off-the-shelf components to achieve the required bandwidth while minimizing prototyping cost. However, with 36% fractional bandwidth at 22 GHz, frequency dependent amplitude ripple and non-linear phase responses of the RF front end distort the radar signal, counteracting the benefit gained from wideband operation and degrading the attained resolution. The effects of this signal distortion are mitigated by implementing a Hilbert transform based calibration procedure that involves estimating the complex analytical signal of the measured radar response and then removing the unwanted components using a reference signal. Extending this algorithm for SAR requires recovering relative phase information that is lost during calibration and the procedure is discussed in this paper. At 2.5 m distance, the calibrated radar successfully resolves targets separated by 2.5 cm - a significant improvement from un-calibrated data wherein the same targets were indistinguishable even with 20 cm separation.

关键词： FMCW radar K band radar calibration non-linearity correction synthetic aperture radar high resolution

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Multi-Hypothesis Post-Processing for Improving Air-to-Air radar Tracking Accuracy 22

Multi-Hypothesis Post-Processing for Improving Air-to-Air Ra...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Liu, Guoqing Askar, Naiel Xiong, Hong GA ASI 16761 Via Campo Court San Diego CA 92127 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

This paper presents a study on target track accuracy improvement for air-to-air (A/A) radar. A Multi-hypothesis Post-processing (MHPP) approach is proposed for improving the air target track accuracy. The MHPP approach consists of a Target Maneuver Detector (TMD) and a Target Maneuver-adapted Track Smoother (TMATS). TMD applies a simple tracking filter to the Kalman Filter (KF) outputs for making a decision on the presence of target maneuver. The TMD's decision is then utilized to guide TMATS to improve the overall track accuracy. TMATS is a filterbank that takes into account multiple hypotheses on the target maneuvering status. In particular, TMATS is constructed with multiple smoothing/tracking filters, each of which is dedicated to a different target maneuvering scenario. The final track outputs are selected from a particular TMATS component according to the target maneuvering status. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MHPP approach. The robustness of the proposed MHPP approach against the degree of target maneuvering is also verified with simulations.

关键词： Air-to-air radar Target tracking Kalman Filter (KF) Multi-hypothesis Post-processing Target position estimation Target velocity estimation Target maneuver detection Alpha-beta (alpha-beta) filter

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3D radar Imaging Using Interferometric ISAR 22

3D Radar Imaging Using Interferometric ISAR

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Goyette, Thomas M. Dickinson, Jason C. Wetherbee, Ryan H. Cook, Jason D. Gatesman, Andrew J. Nixon, William E. Univ Massachusetts Lowell Submillimeter Wave Technol Lab 175 Cabot St Lowell MA 01854 USA US Army Natl Ground Intelligence Ctr 2055 Boulders Rd Charlottesville VA 22911 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Three-dimensional radar imaging is becoming increasingly important in modern warfare systems, leading to an increased need for deeper understanding of the 3D scattering behavior of targets as simple as a cylinder, to as complex as a main battle tank or air defense unit. Fully polarimetric, three dimensional radar signature data have been collected using 1/16th scale models of tactical targets in several indoor compact radar ranges, corresponding to data from S -band to W -band. ISAR image pairs, collected at slightly different elevations, were interferometrically processed into 3D imagery. The data collection, analysis, and 3D visualization methods are presented. Additionally, the results of mathematical 3D correlation are described. A detailed analysis of both measured and predicted 3D radar data on the UMass Lowell nominal rocket simulator target will be presented.

关键词： Sub-millimeter radar Imagery Modeling 3D Terahertz Interferometric

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Imaging radar performance analysis using product dark regions 22

Imaging radar performance analysis using product dark region...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Raynal, Ann Marie Bickel, Douglas L. Sandia Natl Labs POB 5800 Albuquerque NM 87185 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Many types of dark regions occur naturally or artificially in Synthetic Aperture radar (SAR) and Coherent Change Detection (CCD) products. Occluded regions in SAR imagery, known as shadows, are created when incident radar energy is obstructed by a target with height from illuminating resolution cells immediately behind the target in the ground plane. No return areas are also created from objects or terrain that produce little scattering in the direction of the receiver, such as still water or flat plates for monostatic systems. Depending on the size of the dark region, additive and multiplicative noise levels are commonly measured for SAR performance testing. However, techniques for radar performance testing of CCD using dark regions are not common in the literature. While dark regions in SAR imagery also produce dark regions in CCD products, additional dark regions in CCD may further arise from decorrelation of bright regions in SAR imagery due to clutter or terrain that has poor wide-sense stationarity (such as foliage in wind), man-made disturbances of the scene, or unintended artifacts introduced by the radar and image processing. By comparing dark regions in CCD imagery over multiple passes, one can identify unintended decorrelation introduced by poor radar performance rather than phenomenology. This paper addresses select dark region automated measurement techniques for the evaluation of radar performance during SAR and CCD field testing.

关键词： SAR Synthetic Aperture radar Coherent Change Detection CCD Shadows radar Performance

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RFI Mitigation for UWB radar via SPICE 22

RFI Mitigation for UWB Radar via SPICE

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Johnston, Jeremy Ren, Jiaying Zhang, Tianyi Li, Jian Nguyen, Lam Univ Florida Dept Elect & Comp Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA US Army Res Lab RF Signal Proc & Modeling Branch Adelphi MD USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

It is well-known that ultra-wideband (UWB) radar suffers substantial disturbances due to spectral overlap with common radio frequency interferers (RFI), such as commercial radio/TV broadcasts, cell phones, and ISM equipment. We can expect RFI to become more prevalent as the cost of the technology decreases and devices become more widely commercialized. Fortunately, the energy of typical RFI is concentrated in narrow frequency bands {i.e. sparse in the frequency domain {which lends the RFI removal task to a sparsity-driven estimation approach. Moreover, the radar echoes tend to be sparse in the time domain. The recent SParse Iterative Covariance-based Estimation (SPICE) algorithm is employed to exploit these properties for effective RFI mitigation. We compare the performance of SPICE with that of the robust principal component analysis (RPCA) in a simulated interference environment consisting of an actual ambient RFI recording scaled and added to an unadulterated radar signal. SPICE is a user-parameter free algorithm, making it easy to use in practical applications such as RFI mitigation;while, in contrast, RPCA requires a tuning parameter, whose optimal value was found to depend on the signal-to-interference ratio of the contaminated data. Moreover, SPICE is computationally more efficient than RPCA.

关键词： Radio-frequency interference (RFI) mitigation ultra-wideband synthetic aperture radar (UWB SAR) sparse iterative covariance-based estimation (SPICE) l(1)-penalized least absolute deviation (l(1)-PLAD)

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Optimized radar design parameters for synthetic aperture radar with limited swath 22

Optimized radar design parameters for synthetic aperture rad...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Kelly, Colin D. Phelan, Brian R. Dogaru, Traian, V Sherbondy, Kelly D. Narayanan, Ram M. Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA Army Res Lab Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

In areas of conflict around the globe, buried or obscured explosive hazards pose a frequent danger to both civilians and military personnel. Research in radar technology to preemptively detect these hazards has been ongoing for more than two decades. The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is currently developing a low noise, ultra-wideband, spectrally-agile radar system to be implemented on an aerial platform. An airborne ground-penetrating radar (GPR) simulation was developed to aid future hardware design efforts. Measured antenna beam patterns are input into the simulation and used to calculate the antenna's footprint on the ground. With the antenna footprint specified, resolution cells are created within the footprint based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) phenomenology. A 2D-Gaussian function is used to represent the main lobe of the antenna (which is derived from the 3-dB beamwidth of the antenna in the E-and H-planes). The radar cross section (RCS) of each resolution cell is then found using a model for normalized clutter RCS, which incorporates the system geometry. Point-like and distributed targets can be inserted into the simulation by adjusting the RCS of specific resolution cells. Finally, these parameters are implemented in a signal model, and different waveforms can be simulated, and their peak side lobe level (PSLL) and integrated side lobe ratio (ISLR) can be compared. Keywords: synthetic aperture radar, peak side lobe level, integrated side lobe ratio, optimization, waveform

关键词： synthetic aperture radar peak side lobe level integrated side lobe ratio optimization waveform

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3D tomography for multistatic GPR subsurface sensing 22

3D tomography for multistatic GPR subsurface sensing

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Pereira, Mauricio Zhang, Yu Orfeo, Dan Burns, Dylan Huston, Dryver Xia, Tian Univ Vermont Sch Engn Burlington VT 05405 USA Aptiv PLC Agoura Hills CA 91301 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) subsurface sensing is a promising nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique for inspecting and surveying underground utilities in complex urban environments, as well as for monitoring other key infrastructure such as bridges and railroads. A challenge of such technique lies on image formation from the recorded GPR data. In this work, a fast back projection algorithm (BPA) for three-dimensional GPR image construction is explored. The BPA is a time-domain migration method that has been effectively used in GPR image formation. However, most of the studies in the literature apply a computationally intensive BPA to a two-dimensional dataset under the assumption that an in-plane scattering occurs underneath the GPR antennas. This assumption is not precise for 3D GPR image formation as the GPR radiation scatters in multiple directions as it reaches the ground. In this study, a generalized form for an approximation to determine the scattering point in an air-coupled GPR system is developed which considerably reduces the required computations and can accurately localize the scattering point position. The algorithm is evaluated by applications on GPR data synthesized using GprMax, a finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulator.

关键词： back-projection algorithm ground penetrating radar migration tomographic reconstruction

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Information Elasticity in Ultra-Wideband Target Detection Amongst Distributed Clutter 22

Information Elasticity in Ultra-Wideband Target Detection Am...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Singerman, Paul G. Narayanan, Ram M. Rangaswamy, Muralidhar Penn State Univ University Pk PA 16802 USA Air Force Res Lab AFRL RYAP Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Information elasticity is a new concept proposed by us to assess the role of information in making effective decisions in sensor processing. Information elasticity is defined as the ratio of the fractional increase in decision effectiveness to the fractional increase in information. One such application is the role of bandwidth when applied to target detection in ground clutter. Continuous, uniformly distributed, land clutter, such as snow, sand, or dirt, has a normalized radar cross section (NRCS) that increases with frequency in the microwave region of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. If a target's radar cross section (RCS) increases slower than the clutter that surrounds it as the signal bandwidth increases, this can limit the amount of useful fractional bandwidth that can be used for achieving high range resolution. Using equations for the RCS of a typical sphere target and the overall NRCS of land clutter, it is possible to determine the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) at differing fractional bandwidth percentages. If the size of the frequency bins measured is kept constant, a higher fractional bandwidth will have more frequency bins causing an increase in processing time and therefore a decrease in the elasticity. Several different target shapes and types of distributed clutter were simulated, and it is shown that there can be a decrease in elasticity when the fractional bandwidth exceeds a certain value. Furthermore, factoring in the sensor processing time shows that there exists a tipping point beyond which information overload occurs resulting in negative elasticity.

关键词： information overload information elasticity signal-to-clutter ratio radar cross section constraint-based modeling

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