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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XXII"

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Coherent 24 GHz FMCW radar system for micro-Doppler studies 22

Coherent 24 GHz FMCW radar system for micro-Doppler studies

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Rahman, Samiur Robertson, Duncan A. Univ St Andrews SUPA Sch Phys & Astron St Andrews KY16 9SS Fife Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

This paper presents the hardware design of a coherent 24 GHz radar system developed at the University of St Andrews to obtain micro-Doppler data. The system is based on the Analog Devices EV-radar-MMIC2 evaluation board which is based around a chipset of three integrated circuits: a two channel transmitter, a four channel receiver and a fractional-N frequency synthesizer. The evaluation board is combined with a number of other components to enable coherent operation with a PC-based data acquisition card and to boost the output power to increase the operational range. Three identical custom-made smooth-walled conical horn antennas for transmit and co-and cross-polar receive signals were designed and built for the radar system. It is shown that the performance of these high gain (24.5 dBi) antennas agrees extremely well with the design simulations. Finally, field trial results comprising human, bird and drone micro-Doppler data are shown to validate the system performance.

关键词： Micro-Doppler radar K-band FMCW

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Particle Swarm Optimization for radar Binary Phase Code Selection 22

Particle Swarm Optimization for Radar Binary Phase Code Sele...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Li, Bingcheng Lockheed Martin MST Owego 1801 State Route 17CMD0315 Owego NY 13827 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Binary phased codes have many applications in communication and radar systems. These applications, including spread spectrum communication and low probability of intercept radar, require low sidelobes and long code lengths. Many techniques for finding long binary phased codes with low sidelobes have been investigated in literatures. These techniques include exhaust search, neural network, and evolutionary methods, and they all have high computational cost. In this paper, we propose particle swarm optimization (PSO) to select long low sidelobe binary phased codes with reasonable computational cost. We investigate two techniques for initialization: random number approach and linear chirp approach and show that linear chirp initialization performs significantly better than random number approach. By implementing the proposed techniques, we demonstrate that PSO approach with linear chirp initialization can find binary codes with sidelobes equal to or lower than the neural network and genetic algorithm techniques in literatures.

关键词： Binary data Particle swarm optimization Particles Neural networks radar Genetic algorithms Evolutionary algorithms Fluctuations and noise Genetics Telecommunications

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3D radar Imaging Using Interferometric ISAR 22

3D Radar Imaging Using Interferometric ISAR

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Goyette, Thomas M. Dickinson, Jason C. Wetherbee, Ryan H. Cook, Jason D. Gatesman, Andrew J. Nixon, William E. Univ Massachusetts Lowell Submillimeter Wave Technol Lab 175 Cabot St Lowell MA 01854 USA US Army Natl Ground Intelligence Ctr 2055 Boulders Rd Charlottesville VA 22911 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Three-dimensional radar imaging is becoming increasingly important in modern warfare systems, leading to an increased need for deeper understanding of the 3D scattering behavior of targets as simple as a cylinder, to as complex as a main battle tank or air defense unit. Fully polarimetric, three dimensional radar signature data have been collected using 1/16th scale models of tactical targets in several indoor compact radar ranges, corresponding to data from S -band to W -band. ISAR image pairs, collected at slightly different elevations, were interferometrically processed into 3D imagery. The data collection, analysis, and 3D visualization methods are presented. Additionally, the results of mathematical 3D correlation are described. A detailed analysis of both measured and predicted 3D radar data on the UMass Lowell nominal rocket simulator target will be presented.

关键词： Sub-millimeter radar Imagery Modeling 3D Terahertz Interferometric

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A Crash Course in Basic Single-Scan Target Tracking (Abridged) 22

A Crash Course in Basic Single-Scan Target Tracking (Abridge...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Mazzaro, Gregory J. Sherbondy, Andrew J. Judy, Matthew R. Gallagher, Kyle A. Sherbondy, Kelly D. Mil Coll South Carolina Citadel Dept Elect & Comp Engn 171 Moultrie St Charleston SC 29409 USA Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn 201 Old Main University Pk PA 16802 USA Univ Oklahoma Sch Elect & Comp Engn 660 Parrington Oval Norman OK 73019 USA US Army Res Lab Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate 2800 Powder Mill Rd Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

This talk goes through the components in generic single-scan target tracking algorithms from filtering to data association, track initiation, and termination. In many areas, reference is made to functions in the open-source copyleft-free Tracker Component Library (available online) so that attendees can rapidly apply the algorithms that are discussed.

关键词： Filtering (signal processing) Detection and tracking algorithms Nonlinear filtering Personal digital assistants Statistical analysis Target detection Logic Integration radar Stochastic processes

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RFI Mitigation for UWB radar via SPICE 22

RFI Mitigation for UWB Radar via SPICE

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Johnston, Jeremy Ren, Jiaying Zhang, Tianyi Li, Jian Nguyen, Lam Univ Florida Dept Elect & Comp Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA US Army Res Lab RF Signal Proc & Modeling Branch Adelphi MD USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

It is well-known that ultra-wideband (UWB) radar suffers substantial disturbances due to spectral overlap with common radio frequency interferers (RFI), such as commercial radio/TV broadcasts, cell phones, and ISM equipment. We can expect RFI to become more prevalent as the cost of the technology decreases and devices become more widely commercialized. Fortunately, the energy of typical RFI is concentrated in narrow frequency bands {i.e. sparse in the frequency domain {which lends the RFI removal task to a sparsity-driven estimation approach. Moreover, the radar echoes tend to be sparse in the time domain. The recent SParse Iterative Covariance-based Estimation (SPICE) algorithm is employed to exploit these properties for effective RFI mitigation. We compare the performance of SPICE with that of the robust principal component analysis (RPCA) in a simulated interference environment consisting of an actual ambient RFI recording scaled and added to an unadulterated radar signal. SPICE is a user-parameter free algorithm, making it easy to use in practical applications such as RFI mitigation;while, in contrast, RPCA requires a tuning parameter, whose optimal value was found to depend on the signal-to-interference ratio of the contaminated data. Moreover, SPICE is computationally more efficient than RPCA.

关键词： Radio-frequency interference (RFI) mitigation ultra-wideband synthetic aperture radar (UWB SAR) sparse iterative covariance-based estimation (SPICE) l(1)-penalized least absolute deviation (l(1)-PLAD)

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Implementation and Enhancement of Hilbert Transform-Based Calibration in a K Band FMCW radar for High-Resolution Security Applications 22

Implementation and Enhancement of Hilbert Transform-Based Ca...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Menon, Arya Mumcu, Gokhan Weller, Thomas M. Univ S Florida Dept Elect Engn 4202 E Fowler Ave Tampa FL 33620 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

This paper presents the design and calibration of a short-range, K band (18-26 GHz) frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar prototype with a theoretical range resolution of 2 cm, making it suitable for security screening applications. Additionally, this work examines the theoretical considerations for expanding the calibration algorithm for potential application in synthetic aperture radar (SAR). radar based security scanners rely on large signal bandwidth to achieve range (depth) resolution capabilities on the order of a few centimeters;a system capable of 2 cm range resolution - an approximate requirement for a security sensor - must operate with 8 GHz of bandwidth. The radar presented in this paper uses commercially available off-the-shelf components to achieve the required bandwidth while minimizing prototyping cost. However, with 36% fractional bandwidth at 22 GHz, frequency dependent amplitude ripple and non-linear phase responses of the RF front end distort the radar signal, counteracting the benefit gained from wideband operation and degrading the attained resolution. The effects of this signal distortion are mitigated by implementing a Hilbert transform based calibration procedure that involves estimating the complex analytical signal of the measured radar response and then removing the unwanted components using a reference signal. Extending this algorithm for SAR requires recovering relative phase information that is lost during calibration and the procedure is discussed in this paper. At 2.5 m distance, the calibrated radar successfully resolves targets separated by 2.5 cm - a significant improvement from un-calibrated data wherein the same targets were indistinguishable even with 20 cm separation.

关键词： FMCW radar K band radar calibration non-linearity correction synthetic aperture radar high resolution

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Multi-Hypothesis Post-Processing for Improving Air-to-Air radar Tracking Accuracy 22

Multi-Hypothesis Post-Processing for Improving Air-to-Air Ra...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Liu, Guoqing Askar, Naiel Xiong, Hong GA ASI 16761 Via Campo Court San Diego CA 92127 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

This paper presents a study on target track accuracy improvement for air-to-air (A/A) radar. A Multi-hypothesis Post-processing (MHPP) approach is proposed for improving the air target track accuracy. The MHPP approach consists of a Target Maneuver Detector (TMD) and a Target Maneuver-adapted Track Smoother (TMATS). TMD applies a simple tracking filter to the Kalman Filter (KF) outputs for making a decision on the presence of target maneuver. The TMD's decision is then utilized to guide TMATS to improve the overall track accuracy. TMATS is a filterbank that takes into account multiple hypotheses on the target maneuvering status. In particular, TMATS is constructed with multiple smoothing/tracking filters, each of which is dedicated to a different target maneuvering scenario. The final track outputs are selected from a particular TMATS component according to the target maneuvering status. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MHPP approach. The robustness of the proposed MHPP approach against the degree of target maneuvering is also verified with simulations.

关键词： Air-to-air radar Target tracking Kalman Filter (KF) Multi-hypothesis Post-processing Target position estimation Target velocity estimation Target maneuver detection Alpha-beta (alpha-beta) filter

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Imaging radar performance analysis using product dark regions 22

Imaging radar performance analysis using product dark region...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Raynal, Ann Marie Bickel, Douglas L. Sandia Natl Labs POB 5800 Albuquerque NM 87185 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Many types of dark regions occur naturally or artificially in Synthetic Aperture radar (SAR) and Coherent Change Detection (CCD) products. Occluded regions in SAR imagery, known as shadows, are created when incident radar energy is obstructed by a target with height from illuminating resolution cells immediately behind the target in the ground plane. No return areas are also created from objects or terrain that produce little scattering in the direction of the receiver, such as still water or flat plates for monostatic systems. Depending on the size of the dark region, additive and multiplicative noise levels are commonly measured for SAR performance testing. However, techniques for radar performance testing of CCD using dark regions are not common in the literature. While dark regions in SAR imagery also produce dark regions in CCD products, additional dark regions in CCD may further arise from decorrelation of bright regions in SAR imagery due to clutter or terrain that has poor wide-sense stationarity (such as foliage in wind), man-made disturbances of the scene, or unintended artifacts introduced by the radar and image processing. By comparing dark regions in CCD imagery over multiple passes, one can identify unintended decorrelation introduced by poor radar performance rather than phenomenology. This paper addresses select dark region automated measurement techniques for the evaluation of radar performance during SAR and CCD field testing.

关键词： SAR Synthetic Aperture radar Coherent Change Detection CCD Shadows radar Performance

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Information Elasticity in Ultra-Wideband Target Detection Amongst Distributed Clutter 22

Information Elasticity in Ultra-Wideband Target Detection Am...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Singerman, Paul G. Narayanan, Ram M. Rangaswamy, Muralidhar Penn State Univ University Pk PA 16802 USA Air Force Res Lab AFRL RYAP Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

Information elasticity is a new concept proposed by us to assess the role of information in making effective decisions in sensor processing. Information elasticity is defined as the ratio of the fractional increase in decision effectiveness to the fractional increase in information. One such application is the role of bandwidth when applied to target detection in ground clutter. Continuous, uniformly distributed, land clutter, such as snow, sand, or dirt, has a normalized radar cross section (NRCS) that increases with frequency in the microwave region of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. If a target's radar cross section (RCS) increases slower than the clutter that surrounds it as the signal bandwidth increases, this can limit the amount of useful fractional bandwidth that can be used for achieving high range resolution. Using equations for the RCS of a typical sphere target and the overall NRCS of land clutter, it is possible to determine the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) at differing fractional bandwidth percentages. If the size of the frequency bins measured is kept constant, a higher fractional bandwidth will have more frequency bins causing an increase in processing time and therefore a decrease in the elasticity. Several different target shapes and types of distributed clutter were simulated, and it is shown that there can be a decrease in elasticity when the fractional bandwidth exceeds a certain value. Furthermore, factoring in the sensor processing time shows that there exists a tipping point beyond which information overload occurs resulting in negative elasticity.

关键词： information overload information elasticity signal-to-clutter ratio radar cross section constraint-based modeling

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Energy Allocation for Tailored Waveform Design using the Taguchi Method for Clutter Suppression and Enhanced Detection of Targets 22

Energy Allocation for Tailored Waveform Design using the Tag...

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conference on radar sensor technology xxii

作者： Idriss, Zacharie Narayanan, Ram M. Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617780

The energy allocation of a transmit waveform ultimately dictates the effectiveness by which it extracts a target in a cluttered environment. The quantification of information present in the radar cross section offers notable advantages as a fitness function for the design of efficiently energy distributed waveforms for target identification. A robust method of suppression of both the temporal and spectral characteristics for target attenuating radar returns (clutter) is developed in this paper. By means of a priori knowledge of a target spectral response, a method of clutter mitigation for target identification using ultra-wide band (UWB) radar is developed. The robust design method takes after the Taguchi Method after and has seen growing use in biotechnology, statistics, and engineering as a method for both design and analysis. The Taguchi algorithm (TA) is created, based on an orthogonal matrix level design, in conjunction with the mutual information (MI) used as a criterion for convergence. This method efficiently allocates available resources within bins in which target spectral characteristics dominate those of which are undesired. As cognitive UWB radars constantly received clutter echoes and experience external noise sources, the mutual information is calculated adaptively during optimization between a transmit waveform given knowledge of the target, and the received waveform.

关键词： Ultra Wide Band radar Cross Section (RCS) Cognitive radar Conditional Mutual Information Taguchi Method Spectrum Occupancy Signal Detection

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