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International conference on Electrical and Control Engineering (ICECE)

作者： Ying Huang Cong Huang Liuzhou Railway Vocational Technical College Liuzhou Guangxi China

One of important requirements for many Wireless sensor network applications is to prolong network lifetime. The cluster head consumes more energy than other member nodes, because it gathers data from its member nodes, processes it (e.g. data fusion), and transfers data to the sink node or to the base station that maybe located remotely. Therefore, the cluster head should be elected periodically within the cluster to avoid the quick death of the head node and make all node loads distribute evenly. Based on the extensive analyzing of those algorithms such as LEACH, a cluster algorithm for electing cluster heads based on threshold energy is presented. The lifetime is suggested to be expressed as to both the maximum last node dying time and the minimum time difference between the last node dying and the first node dying. In order to obtain the effect, threshold energy was obtained and evaluated. The threshold energy is related to the initial energy of each node (Eo), number of nodes(n), energy consumption of cluster head (ECch), and energy consumption of cluster members (ECcm). The main purpose is to obtain the maximum network lifetime. What we now have done just to analyse the static threshold energy. When the optimal Dynamic threshold energy is adapted in the algorithm, the lifetime can be prolonged while the performance of network can maintain unabated. Results demonstrate that this algorithm which is more effective routing protocol prolongs the network lifetime when cluster heads are elected with the optimal threshold energy.

关键词： Energy consumption Clustering algorithms Wireless sensor networks Heuristic algorithms Algorithm design and analysis Temperature sensors Routing protocols

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An automated fire detection and alerting application based on satellite and wireless communications

An automated fire detection and alerting application based o...

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Advanced Satellite Mobile Systems (ASMS)

作者： Konstantinos Liolis Spiros Pantazis Vassilis Gennatos Socrates Costicoglou Ilias Andrikopoulos IT & Applications Division Space Hellas S.A. Athens Greece

This paper presents the design, implementation and demonstration results from the ongoing ESA ARTES project “SFEDONA”. The SFEDONA project deals with a complete end-to-end fire detection and alerting application which employs state-of-the-art satellite and wireless communications air interfaces as well as advanced technologies in fire detection, alerting and propagation estimation based on terrestrial optical cameras, weather meteorological stations and environmental sensors. In particular, this paper presents in detail the SFEDONA system architecture, discusses critical design and implementation issues and provides information on the trials and demonstrations results from the related in-lab validation activities. Well field-proven multi-sensor data fusion algorithms, which are widely used in the fire protection domain, are also analyzed. Moreover, emphasis is put on the critical comparison of state-of-the-art satellite IP technologies as well as to the detailed design of the satellite IP network solution actually implemented in the project.

关键词： Fires Optical sensors Cameras Meteorology Digital video broadcasting IP networks

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Centralized fusion for Fast People Detection in Dense Environment

Centralized Fusion for Fast People Detection in Dense Enviro...

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IEEE International conference on Robotics and Automation

作者： Gate, Gwennael Breheret, Amaury Nashashibi, Fawzi Mines ParisTech Robot Lab 60 Blvd St Michel F-75273 Paris France Inst Natl Rech Informat & Automat IMARA Team Mines ParisTech Robot Lab F-78153 Le Chesnay France

ISBN: (纸本)9781424427888

Human beings do not have well defined shapes neither well defined behaviors. In dense outdoor environments, they are as a consequence hard to detect and algorithms based on a single sensor tend to produce lot of wrong detections. Moreover, many applications require algorithms that work very fast on CPU limited mobile architectures while remaining able to detect, track and classify objects as people with a very high precision. We present an algorithm based on the contribution of a range finder and a vision based algorithm that addresses these three constraints: efficiency, velocity and robustness and that we believe is scalable to a large variety of applications.

关键词： People detection Target tracking Boosting Data fusion

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Soft adaptive fusion of sensor energy for large-scale sensor networks (SAFE)

Soft adaptive fusion of sensor energy for large-scale sensor...

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Multisensor, Multisource Information fusion: architectures, algorithms, and applications 2009

作者： Rababaah, Haroun Shirkhodaie, Amir Center of Excellence for Battlefield Sensor Fusion Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Tennessee State University 3500 John Merritt Blvd. Nashville TN 37209 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819476111

Target tracking for network surveillance systems has gained significant interest especially in sensitive areas such as homeland security, battlefield intelligence, and facility surveillance. Most of the current sensor network protocols do not address the need for multi-sensor fusion-based target tracking schemes, which is crucial for the longevity of the sensor network. In this paper, we present an efficient fusion model for target tracking in a cluster-based large sensor networks. This new scheme is inspired by the image processing techniques by perceiving a sensor network as an energy map of sensor stimuli and applying typical image processing techniques on this map such as: filtering, convolution, clustering, segmentation, etc to achieve high-level perceptions and understanding of the situation. The new fusion model is called Soft Adaptive fusion of sensor Energies (SAFE). SAFE performs soft fusion of the energies collected by a local region of sensors in a large-scale sensor network. This local fusion is then transmitted by the head node to a base-station to update the common operation picture with evolving events of interest. Simulated scenarios showed that SAFE is promising by demonstrating a significant improvement in target tracking reliability, uncertainty, and efficiency. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： sensor networks

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Graphical Models for Distributed Inference in Wireless sensor Networks

Graphical Models for Distributed Inference in Wireless Senso...

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3rd International conference on sensor Technologies and applications

作者： Trivedi, Neeta Balakrishnan, N. ADE DRDO Bangalore Karnataka India Indian Inst Sci SERC Bangalore Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9781424443093

Distributed information fusion is an active area of research;however, fusion in the large, dynamic, unpredictable, and power-scarce setting of wireless sensor network (WSN) requires more than just distributed fusion algorithms. Some of the important questions that need to be addressed are dynamic mapping of inference responsibilities to sensor nodes in a distributed manner and cost-effective, fault-tolerant exchange of fusion information. Graphical models provide compact representation of joint probability distributions;they help in drawing inference more efficiently. We propose two graphical models called Inference Cost Network (ICN) and Dynamic Inference Cost Network (DICN) that generalize Bayesian networks and dynamic Bayesian networks for truly distributed implementation. We also propose distributed inference algorithms for ICN/DICN that address the unique requirements of information fusion in WSN. We prove correctness of the model and the algorithms and demonstrate that the algorithms are lightweight in terms of computational complexity.

关键词： wireless sensor network distributed inference graphical model bayesian network inference cost network

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Anchor Global Position Accuracy Enhancement Based on Data fusion

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2009年第3期58卷 1616-1623页

作者： Yu, Kegen Guo, Y. Jay CSIRO Wireless Technol Lab Informat & Commun Technol ICT Ctr Marsfield NSW 2122 Australia

The location information of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks is crucial for various applications such as emergency rescue operations, environmental monitoring, home automation, and traffic control. In this paper, a new method to improve the anchor location accuracy in wireless sensor networks is proposed based on fusion of Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements and anchor-to-anchor parameter estimates. Novel algorithms are derived to increase the accuracy of anchor locations using both anchor-to-anchor distance and angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimates for both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) scenarios. When using anchor-to-anchor distance estimates in LOS conditions, an optimization-based algorithm is developed. The Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) is derived to benchmark positioning accuracy in 3-D environments with both GPS measurements and anchor-to-anchor parameter estimates, which has not. been studied in the literature. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms can substantially improve anchor position accuracy, and the performance of the proposed algorithms approaches the CRLB.

关键词： Anchor-location accuracy improvement anchor-to-anchor cooperation Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements location error analysis

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Directional Controlled fusion in Wireless sensor Networks

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MOBILE NETWORKS & applications 2009年第2期14卷 220-229页

作者： Chen, Min Leung, Victor C. M. Mao, Shiwen Univ British Columbia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Auburn Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Auburn AL 36849 USA

Though data redundancy can be eliminated at aggregation point to reduce the amount of sensory data transmission, it introduces new challenges due to multiple flows competing for the limited bandwidth in the vicinity of the aggregation point. On the other hand, waiting for multiple flows to arrive at a centralized node for aggregation not only uses precious memory to store these flows but also increases the delays of sensory data delivery. While traditional aggregation schemes can be characterized as "multipath converging," this paper proposes the notation of "multipath expanding" to solve the above problems by jointly considering data fusion and load balancing. We propose a novel directional-controlled fusion (DCF) scheme, consisting of two key algorithms termed as directional control and multipath fusion. By adjusting a key parameter named multipath fusion factor in DCF, the trade-offs between multipath-converging and multipath-expanding can be easily achieved, in order to satisfy specific QoS requirements from various applications. We present simulations that verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

关键词： data fusion image sensor networks multipath routing wireless sensor networks

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Consensus algorithms for power-constrained wireless sensor networks

Consensus algorithms for power-constrained wireless sensor n...

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作者： Savas, Onur Boston University

学位级别：Ph.D.

Wireless sensor networks (SNets) is a cost-efficient technology that is typically comprised of many low-power, low-cost sensors. Current and potential applications of SNets include tracking, automation, control, surveillance, reconnaissance, security, and monitoring. All of these applications require some form of intelligent signal processing and decision making algorithms. Proposed algorithms involving fusion-center-based architectures do not scale well with increasing number of sensors. Instead, scalable, robust and power-efficient distributed signal processing and decision making algorithms are required in order to realize the full potential of SNets. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose and analyze power-efficient in-network signal processing and decision making algorithms for applications that are modeled as distributed classification, data aggregation and symmetric function computation problems. The work in this thesis is a step towards solving distributed signal processing and decision making problems in low-power distributed sensor networks in a cost-efficient manner. The low-power, constrained communication architecture of emerging sensor network technologies demand scalable, asynchronous, energy-efficient and robust sensor network architectures and algorithms. We address these concerns in this thesis by declaring the proposed algorithm as: (i) Scalable because communication is restricted to immediate one-hop neighbors. (ii) Asynchronous because no synchronization between sensor nodes or order of transmission of messages are required. (iii) Energy-efficient in terms of reduced total power and average power consumed. (iv) Robust to node and edge failures. In this thesis we propose our solution in two main categories. (i) We propose and analyze pair-wise message passing algorithms, where sensors achieve the optimal classification performance. (ii) We propose and analyze algorithms in order to calculate the measurement statistics of certain functions. Under b

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Energy logic (EL): A Novel fusion engine of multi-modality multi-agent data/information fusion for intelligent surveillance systems

Energy logic (EL): A Novel fusion engine of multi-modality m...

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Multisensor, Multisource Information fusion: architectures, algorithms, and applications 2009

作者： Rababaah, Haroun Shirkhodaie, Amir Center of Excellence for Battlefield Sensor Fusion Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Tennessee State University 3500 John Merritt Blvd. Nashville TN 37209 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819476111

The rapidly advancing hardware technology, smart sensors and sensor networks are advancing environment sensing. One major potential of this technology is Large-Scale Surveillance Systems (LS3) especially for, homeland security, battlefield intelligence, facility guarding and other civilian applications. The efficient and effective deployment of LS3 requires addressing number of aspects impacting the scalability of such systems. The scalability factors are related to: computation and memory utilization efficiency, communication bandwidth utilization, network topology (e.g., centralized, ad-hoc, hierarchical or hybrid), network communication protocol and data routing schemes;and local and global data/information fusion scheme for situational awareness. Although, many models have been proposed to address one aspect or another of these issues but, few have addressed the need for a multi-modality multi-agent data/information fusion that has characteristics satisfying the requirements of current and future intelligent sensors and sensor networks. In this paper, we have presented a novel scalable fusion engine for multi-modality multi-agent information fusion for LS3. The new fusion engine is based on a concept we call: Energy Logic. Experimental results of this work as compared to a Fuzzy logic model strongly supported the validity of the new model and inspired future directions for different levels of fusion and different applications. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Scalability

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Field-based data collection techniques for the evaluation of information fusion systems

Field-based data collection techniques for the evaluation of...

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Multisensor, Multisource Information fusion: architectures, algorithms, and applications 2009

作者： Antonishek, Brian Weiss, Brian A. Schlenoff, Craig National Institute of Standards and Technology 100 Bureau Drive Gaithersburg MD 20899 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819476111

In order to effectively evaluate information fusion systems or emerging technologies, it is critical to quickly, efficient, and accurately collect functional and observational data about such systems. One of the best ways to test a system's capabilities is to have an end user operate it in controlled but realistic field-based situations. Evaluation data of the systems' performance as well as observational data of the user's interactions can then be collected and analyzed. This analysis often gives insight into how the system may perform in the intended environment and of any potential areas for improvement. One common method for collection of this data involves an evaluator/observer generating hand-written notes, comments, and sketches. This often proves to be inefficient in complex sensor technology field-based evaluation environments. Personnel at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have been tasked with collecting such evaluation data for emerging soldier-worn sensor systems. Lessons learned from the on-going development of efficient field-based evaluation data collection techniques will be discussed. The most recent evaluation data collection using a personal digital assistant (PDA)-style system and details of its use during an evaluation of a multi-team study will also be described. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Personal digital assistants

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