Future buildings and environments are envisioned to provide ambient intelligence, adapting to a user's preferences based on information about his context and status. Smart heterogeneous sensor networks are well su...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424424122
Future buildings and environments are envisioned to provide ambient intelligence, adapting to a user's preferences based on information about his context and status. Smart heterogeneous sensor networks are well suited data sources for such environments, because they allow for dynamic adaptation to newly added sensor types and novel tasks. Realistic verification of protocols and algorithms for smart networks poses special constraints on testbeds, necessitating support for heterogeneous platforms and mobility in the network. These distinct requirements limit the usability of many known testbeds of purely homogeneous nature. In this paper, we determine a minimum set of premises for smart heterogeneous sensor network testbeds and evaluate existing architectures with respect to these requirements. We then present our tubicle node platform, an integrated sensor network node providing inherent support for heterogeneity and fulfilling the determined set of requirements in their entirety. A set of twenty tubicles forms the basis for our *** testbed. Specifically designed for heterogeneity, the architecture allows rapid validation of smart sensor network algorithms and quick experimental setup.
Wireless sensor Networks (WSN) are being targeted for use in applications like security, resources monitoring and factory automation. However, the reduced available resources raise a lot of technical challenges. Self ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424415052
Wireless sensor Networks (WSN) are being targeted for use in applications like security, resources monitoring and factory automation. However, the reduced available resources raise a lot of technical challenges. Self organization in WSN is a desirable characteristic that can be achieved by means of data fusion techniques when delivering reliable data to users. In this paper it is proposed a genetic machine learning algorithm (GMLA) approach that makes a trade-off between quality of information and communication efficiency. GMLA is based on genetic algorithms and it can adapt itself dynamically to environment modifications. The main target of the proposed approach is to achieve set(organization in a WSN application with data fusion. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed approach can optimize communication efficiency in a dense WSN.
The problem of decision fusion in wireless sensor networks for distributed detection applications has mainly been considered in scenarios where sensor observations are conditionally independent and both local sensor s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783000248832
The problem of decision fusion in wireless sensor networks for distributed detection applications has mainly been considered in scenarios where sensor observations are conditionally independent and both local sensor statistics as well as wireless channel conditions are available for fusion rule design. In this paper, kernel-based learning algorithms for the design of decision fusion rules are presented when no such prior knowledge is available. The fusion center receives a collection of labeled decision vectors from the sensor nodes and employs a discrete version of the method of kernel smoothing which exploits the ordinal nature of local sensor decisions. The aim is to arrive at fusion rules which are Bayes risk consistent, i.e., asymptotically optimal as the number of training samples tends to infinity. The kernel-based learning approach is applied to the problem of distributed detection of a deterministic signal in correlated Gaussian noise. Numerical results obtained by simulation show that the kernel-based fusion rules show good performance also for finite sample sizes.
Vision systems have become popular for remote vision sensing in geographically distributed environments due to vast amount of information they provide. However, remote vision sensors are generally plagued with power a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424423675
Vision systems have become popular for remote vision sensing in geographically distributed environments due to vast amount of information they provide. However, remote vision sensors are generally plagued with power and communication bandwidth constraints. Mobile agent technology is a salient solution to geographically distributed and dynamic domains that require subsystems to interact with each other. Mobile agent technology increases power efficiency by reducing communication requirements and increases fusion processing by allowing in-situ integration of on-demand visual processing and analysis algorithms. A mobile agent can dynamically migrate from one vision sensor to another and combine all necessary sensor data in a desired manner specific to the system requesting the data. This paper presents a remote vision fusion architecture based on mobile agent technology that provides a flexible vision fusion solution. The architecture utilizes the Mobile-C library as a basis for the mobile agency along with OpenCV and ImageMagick for vision processing and manipulation. An application example is provided that demonstrates the benefit of using mobile agents for vision fusion in remote vision systems. The validity of the architecture is proven in an experimental setup with a retrofitted robotic cell comprised of a Puma 560, IBM 7575, a conveyor system, and a vision system.
Wireless sensor networks are valid candidate to monitor environmental parameters in dangerous areas. In many such applications, the sensors first sense the environment and then average their measurements to compute th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783000248832
Wireless sensor networks are valid candidate to monitor environmental parameters in dangerous areas. In many such applications, the sensors first sense the environment and then average their measurements to compute the final estimator in a completely distributed fashion. Usually, there is no meaningful way to decide when the sensing stage should be terminated to start the average procedure. What happens if the network is impaired before that the distributed estimator is computed? Oppositely, what happens if the sensing stage is too short (i.e., the network has collected only a small amount of data when the averaging step starts)? We propose a scheme - and call it running consensus - where the sensing and the averaging stages are simultaneous: The network continues collecting data while computing on-the-fly the distributed estimator. The asymptotic behavior of the running consensus is investigated and compared with that of the classical consensus algorithms, the impact of the network topology is discussed, and examples of applications are presented.
This paper presents a technique that can be used to fuse data from multiple sensors that are employed in nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications, specifically for the in-line inspection of gas transmission pipeli...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424415403
This paper presents a technique that can be used to fuse data from multiple sensors that are employed in nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications, specifically for the in-line inspection of gas transmission pipelines. A radial basis function artificial neural network is used to perform geometric transformations on data obtained from multiple sources. The technique allows the user to define the redundant and complementary information present in the data sets. The efficacy of the algorithm is demonstrated using experimental images obtained from the NDE of a test specimen suite using magnetic flux leakage (MFL), ultrasonic (UT) and thermal imaging methods. The results presented in this paper indicate that neural network based geometric transformation algorithms show considerable promise in multi-sensor data fusionapplications.
We propose using the smart antenna principle as the basis of a new design for smart optical receivers in LADAR systems. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of designing a LADAR system with a receiver consisting of...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819471659
We propose using the smart antenna principle as the basis of a new design for smart optical receivers in LADAR systems. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of designing a LADAR system with a receiver consisting of an array of photodetectors, which leads to field-of-view enhancement and beamforming by fusing streams of video information received from the detectors. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate this design by fusing several video information streams from different fields of view using our Mathworks Simulinko model. The fusion algorithm uses the fuzzy logic maximum operation on the data output from the cameras.
We present a fast and efficient method to derive and apply natural colors to nighttime imagery from multiband sensors. The color mapping is derived from the combination of a multiband image and a corresponding natural...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819471659
We present a fast and efficient method to derive and apply natural colors to nighttime imagery from multiband sensors. The color mapping is derived from the combination of a multiband image and a corresponding natural color reference image. The mapping optimizes the match between the multiband image and the reference image, and yields a nightvision image with colors similar to that of the daytime image. The mapping procedure is simple and fast. Once it has been derived the color mapping can be deployed in realtime. Different color schemes can be used tailored to the environment and the application. The expectation is that by displaying nighttime imagery in natural colors human observers will be able to interpret the imagery better and faster, thereby improving situational awareness and reducing reaction times.
In this paper, we study the problem of distributed detection in the presence of unknown carrier frequency offset (CFO) and initial phase, the issue we encounter in the emerging applications of wireless sensor networks...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424422463
In this paper, we study the problem of distributed detection in the presence of unknown carrier frequency offset (CFO) and initial phase, the issue we encounter in the emerging applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to hardware constraints on sensor nodes. Suboptimal fusion rules taking into account CFO and initial phase and non-data-aided methods of low complexity for CFO and initial phase shift estimation are developed. Instead of the estimation performance, the objective function is in terms of the final detection performance. In particular, a generalized likelihood ratio test is proposed first for distributed detection in the presence of unknown CFOs and phase shifts. Then computationally simplified algorithms are proposed under the high and low signal-to-noise ratio regimes, respectively. Specifically, under the high-SNR condition, a time-averaging autocorrelator is used for CFO estimation and the Chair-Varshney fusion rule is used for decision fusion;while under the low-SNR condition, maximum likelihood estimation can be realized by a fast Fourier transform. The simulation results show that the developed fusion schemes are robust to CFO and initial phase.
Multi-channel sensorfusion represents a powerful technique to simply and efficiently extract information from complex phenomena. While the technique has traditionally been used for military target tracking and situat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781563479427
Multi-channel sensorfusion represents a powerful technique to simply and efficiently extract information from complex phenomena. While the technique has traditionally been used for military target tracking and situational awareness, a study has been successfully completed that demonstrates that sensorfusion can be applied equally well to aerodynamic applications. A prototype autonomous hardware processor was successfully designed and used to detect in real-time the two-dimensional flow reattachment location generated by a simple separated-flow wind tunnel model. The success of this demonstration illustrates the feasibility of using autonomous sensor processing architectures to enhance flow control feedback signal generation.
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