In this paper, we evaluate the use of a rank-score diversity measure for selecting sensory fission operations for a robot localization and mapping application. Our current application involves robot mapping and naviga...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819466938
In this paper, we evaluate the use of a rank-score diversity measure for selecting sensory fission operations for a robot localization and mapping application. Our current application involves robot mapping and navigation in art outdoor urban search and rescue situation in which we have many similar and mutually occluding landmarks. The robot is a 4-wheel direct drive platform equipped with visual, stereo depth and ultrasound sensors. In such an application it's difficult to make useful and realistic assumptions about the sensor or environment statistics. Combinatorial fusion Analysis(CFA) is used to develop an approach to fission with unknown sensor and environment statistics. A metric is proposed that will indicate when fission from a set of fission alternatives will produce a more accurate estimation of depth than either sonar or stereo alone and when not. Experimental results are reported to illustrate that two CFA criteria are viable predictors to distinguish between positive fission cases (the combined system performs better than or equal to the individual systems) and negative cases.
Real-time target tracking in large disparate sensor networks has been simulated with a parallelized search based data fusion algorithm using a simulated annealing approach. The networks are composed of large numbers o...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819466938
Real-time target tracking in large disparate sensor networks has been simulated with a parallelized search based data fusion algorithm using a simulated annealing approach. The networks are composed of large numbers of low fidelity binary and bearing-only sensors, and small numbers of high fidelity position sensors over a large region. The primitive sensors provide limited information, not sufficient to locate targets;the position sensors can report both range and direction of the targets. Target positions are determined through fusing information from all types of sensors. A score function, which takes into account the fidelity of sensors of different types, is defined and used as the evaluation function for the optimization search. The fusion algorithm is parallelized using spatial decomposition so that the fusion process can finish before the arrival of the next set of sensor data. A series of target tracking simulations are performed on a Linux cluster with communication between nodes facilitated by the Message Passing Interface (MPI). The probability of detection (POD), false alarm rate (FAR), and average deviation (AVD) are used to evaluate the network performance. The input target information used for all the simulations is a set of target track data created from a theater level air combat simulation.
The US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) fusion for Identifying Targets Experiment (FITE) program aims to determine the benefits of decision-level fusion (DLF) of Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) products. This p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819466938
The US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) fusion for Identifying Targets Experiment (FITE) program aims to determine the benefits of decision-level fusion (DLF) of Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) products. This paper describes the Bayesian framework used to characterize the trade-space for DLF approaches and applications. The overall fusion context is represented as a Bayesian network and the fusion algorithms use Bayesian probability computations. Bayesian networks conveniently organize the large sets of random variables and distributions appearing in fusion system models, including models of operating conditions, prior knowledge, ATR performance, and fusion algorithms. The relationship between fuser performance and these models may be analytically stated (the FITE equation), but must be solved via stochastic system modeling and Monte Carlo simulation. A key element of the DLF trade-space is the degree to which the various models depend on ATR operating conditions, since these will determine the fuser's complexity and performance and will suggest new requirements on source ATRs.
We present E(2)RINA, an aggregation algorithm for wireless sensor network applications characterized by clustered topologies, such as building automation and manufacturing plants. Thank to an efficient use of the wire...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424406586
We present E(2)RINA, an aggregation algorithm for wireless sensor network applications characterized by clustered topologies, such as building automation and manufacturing plants. Thank to an efficient use of the wireless channel, E(2)RINA offers the robustness of the gossip-based algorithms and, at the same time, the energy performance of the faster cluster head-based algorithms. We also developed a mathematical model to predict the performance of the algorithm with respect to the free variables without the need of extensive simulations. We validate our model and the robustness of E(2)RINA by running a simulation model of a test case consisting of a cluster of MICA nodes.
The objective of this paper is to develop novel classification structures for military targets detection and recognition by employing different fusion techniques. In real applications, the great diversity of materials...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819466938
The objective of this paper is to develop novel classification structures for military targets detection and recognition by employing different fusion techniques. In real applications, the great diversity of materials in the background areas and the similarity between the background and target signatures result in high false alarm rates and large miss classification errors. In this paper, three new systems are proposed using different fusion techniques: pixel level fusion, decision fusion, and classification fusion employing confidence vectors. These new developed systems are tested using an experimental data to show its effectiveness.
Multisensorfusion and integration is a rapidly evolving research area and requires interdisciplinary knowledge in control theory, signal processing, artificial intelligence, probability and statistics, etc. The advan...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424408276
Multisensorfusion and integration is a rapidly evolving research area and requires interdisciplinary knowledge in control theory, signal processing, artificial intelligence, probability and statistics, etc. The advantages gained through the use of redundant, complementary, or, more timely information in a system can provide more reliable and accurate information. This paper provides an overview of current sensor technologies and describes the paradigm of multisensorfusion algorithms and applications of multisensorfusion in localization and tracking, robotics, identification and classification, vehicle sensing, and so on. Finally, future research directions of multisensorfusion technologies including microsensors, smart sensors, and adaptive fusion techniques are presented.
Data fusion systems is an active research field with applications in several fields such as manufacturing, surveillance, air traffic control, robotics and remote sensing. The wide interest in wireless sensor networks ...
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Recently, a multi-sensor image fusion system has been widely investigated due to its growing applications. In the system, robust and accurate multi-modal image registration is essential and the fast registration is al...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819466938
Recently, a multi-sensor image fusion system has been widely investigated due to its growing applications. In the system, robust and accurate multi-modal image registration is essential and the fast registration is also important for many applications. In this paper, we propose a fast algorithm for registering multi-modal images that are acquired from two different sensors: electro-optic (EO) and infrared (IR). In the registration of multi-modal images, a normalized mutual information (NMI) based registration algorithm is preferred due to its robust and accurate performance. And the downhill simplex optimization scheme is popular in NMI-based registration because of its fast convergence rate. However, since it still suffers from a high computational complexity, the complexity should be reduced further for (semi) real-time applications. In this paper, we attempt to reduce the computational complexity in the registration process. We first modify the searching methodology for unconstrained function minimization in the ordinary downhill simplex algorithm, by suggesting new vertex movements for fast vertex contraction. Thereby, we can reduce the number of function evaluations. We also minimize the function evaluation time by linearizing the projective transformation in the interpolation routine. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm noticeably reduces the computational complexity by 30% compared to the conventional NMI-based registration algorithm.
In this paper, we present algorithms for in-situ calibration of sensor networks for distributed detection in the parallel fusion architecture. The wireless sensors act as local detectors and transmit preliminary detec...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424415014
In this paper, we present algorithms for in-situ calibration of sensor networks for distributed detection in the parallel fusion architecture. The wireless sensors act as local detectors and transmit preliminary detection results to an access point or fusion center for decision combining. In order to implement an optimal fusion center, both the performance parameters of each local detector (i.e., its probability of false alarm and probability of miss) as well as the wireless channel conditions must be known. However, in real-world applications these statistics may be unknown or vary in time. In our approach, the fusion center receives a collection of labeled samples from the sensor nodes after deployment of the network and calibrates the impact of individual sensors on the final detection result. In the case that local sensor decisions are independent, we employ maximum likelihood parameter estimation techniques, whereas in the case of arbitrarily correlated sensor Outputs, we use the method of kernel smoothing. The obtained fusion rules are both asymptotically optimal and show good performance for finite sample sizes.
Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) have attracted wide interests from both academic and industrial communities due to their diversity of applications. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of energy-ef...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540729044
Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) have attracted wide interests from both academic and industrial communities due to their diversity of applications. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of energy-efficient protocols that can be used to improve traffic safety using WSN. Based on these protocols, we implement an intelligent traffic management system. Low-cost wireless sensor nodes are deployed on the roadbed and work collaboratively to detect potential collisions on the road. Experiments have been performed on this system and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of our protocols.
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