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Proceedings of the 1999 sensor fusion: architectures, algorithms, and applications iii

作者： Stubberud, Stephen C. Lugo, Kristi A. ORINCON Corp San Diego CA United States

A fuzzy logic based data association routine has been developed. The concept is based on very simple fuzzy logic implementation. The resulting technique is intended as an enhancement to current data association routines when added information such as sensor blockage and forbidden terrain knowledge can be incorporated into the system.

关键词： sensor data fusion

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sensor fusion with application to Electronic Warfare

Sensor fusion with application to Electronic Warfare

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conference on sensor fusion - architectures, algorithms, and applications iii

作者： Zanzalari, RM Van Alstine, E Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate AMSEL RD NVS CCD Ft Monmouth NJ 07703 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431931

The Night Vision and Electronic sensors Directorate, Survivability/Camouflage, Concealment and Deception Division mission is to provide affordable aircraft and ground electronic sensors/systems and signature management technologies which enhance survivability and lethality of U.S. and International Forces. Since 1992, efforts have been under tah-en in the area of Situational Awareness and Dominant Battlespace Knowledge. These include the Radar Deception and Jamming Advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD), Survivability and Targeting System Integration, Integrated Situation Awareness and Targeting ATD, Combat Identification, Ground Vehicle Situational Awareness, and Combined Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) Target Correlation. This paper will address the Situational Awareness process as it relates to the integration of Electronic Warfare (EW) with targeting and intelligence and information warfare systems. Discussion will be presented on the sensor fusion, Situation Assessment and Response Management Strategies. sensor fusion includes the association, correlation, and combination of data and information from single and multiple sources to achieve refined position and identity estimates, and complete and timely assessments of situations and threats as well as their significance. Situation Assessment includes the process of interpreting and expressing the environment based on situation abstract products and information fi om technical and doctrinal data bases. Finally, Response Management provides the centralized, adaptable control of all renewable and expendable countermeasure assets resulting in optimization of the response to the threat environment.

关键词： Electronic Warfare sensors sensor data fusion Situational Awareness situation assessment Response Management association and correlation

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Revisions to the JDL data fusion model

Revisions to the JDL data fusion model

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conference on sensor fusion - architectures, algorithms, and applications iii

作者： Steinberg, AN Bowman, CL White, FE ERIM Int Inc Arlington VA 22209 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431931

The Data fusion Model maintained by the Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) Data fusion Group is the most widely-used method for categorizing data fusion-related functions. This paper discusses the current effort to revise and expand this model to facilitate the cost-effective development, acquisition, integration and operation of multi-sensor/multi-source systems. Data fusion involves combining information - in the broadest sense - to estimate or predict the state of some aspect of the universe. These may be represented in terms of attributive and relational states. If the job is to estimate the state of a people (or any other sentient beings), it can be useful to include consideration of informational and perceptual stares in addition to the physical state. Developing cost-effective multi-source information systems requires a method for specifying data fusion processing and control functions, interfaces, and associated databases. The lack of common engineering standards for data fusion systems has been a major impediment to integration and re-use of available technology: current developments do nor lend themselves to objective evaluation, comparison or re-use. This paper reports on proposed revisions and expansions of the JDL Data fusion model to remedy some of these deficiencies. This involves broadening the functional model and related taxonomy beyond the original military focus, and integrating the Data fusion Tree Architecture model for system description, design and development.

关键词： Data fusion Data modeling Systems modeling Standards development Data processing sensors Algorithm development Data analysis Systems engineering Signal detection

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Partially decentralized architecture for fusing active (radar) and passive (infrared) measurement data

Partially decentralized architecture for fusing active (rada...

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Proceedings of the 1999 sensor fusion: architectures, algorithms, and applications iii

作者： van Huyssteen, David Farooq, Mohamad Ottawa Ont Canada

A decentralized technique in which kinematic information from a radar and infrared imager are fused has been developed. To validate its effectiveness, the technique has been compared to a sequentially based Kalman filter via Monte Carlo simulation. The comparison showed that the decentralized technique is a potentially viable alternative.

关键词： sensor data fusion

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Fuzzy sensor fusion for gas turbine power plants

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1999年 3719卷 52-61页

作者： Goebel, Kai Agogino, Alice GE Corp Research & Development Niskayuna United States

In this paper we present a methodology for fuzzy sensor fusion. We then apply this methodology to sensor data from a gas turbine power plant. The developed fusion algorithm tackles several problems: 1.) It aggregates redundant (but uncertain) sensor information; this allows making decisions which sensors (and to what degree) should be considered for propagation of sensor information. 2.) It filters out noise and sensor failure from measurements; this allows a system to operate despite temporary or permanent failure of one or more sensors. For the fusion, we use a combination of direct and functional redundancy. The fusion algorithm uses confidence values obtained for each sensor reading from validation curves and performs a weighted average fusion. With increasing distance from the predicted value, readings are discounted through a non-linear validation function. They are assigned a confidence value accordingly. The predicted value in the described algorithm is obtained through application of a fuzzy exponential weighted moving average time series predictor with adaptive coefficients. Experiments on real data from a gas turbine power plant show the robustness of the fusion algorithm which leads to smooth controller input values.

关键词： sensor data fusion

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Cross band pixel selection in multi-resolution image fusion

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1999年 3719卷 319-326页

作者： Petrovic, Vladimir Xydeas, Costas Univ of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom

The work described in this paper focuses on cross band pixel selection as applied to pixel level multi-resolution image fusion. In addition, multi-resolution analysis and synthesis is realised via QMF sub-band decomposition techniques. Thus cross-band pixel selection is considered with the aim of reducing the contrast and structural distortion image artefacts produced by existing wavelet based, pixel level, image fusion schemes. Preliminary subjective image fusion results demonstrate clearly the advantage which the proposed cross-band selection technique offers, when compared to conventional area based pixel selection.

关键词： Image processing

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fusion of imaging and non-imaging sensor information for airborne surveillance

Fusion of imaging and non-imaging sensor information for air...

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conference on sensor fusion - architectures, algorithms, and applications iii

作者： Valin, P Jouan, A Bossé, E Lockheed Martin Canada Montreal PQ H4P 1K6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819431931

This paper presents results from an Adaptable Data fusion Testbed (ADFT) which has been constructed to analyze simulated or real data with the help of modular algorithms for each of the main fusion functions and image interpretation algorithms. The results obtained from data fusion of information coming from an imaging Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and non-imaging sensors (ESM, IFF, 2-D radar) on-board an airborne maritime surveillance platform are presented for two typical scenarios of Maritime Air Area Operations and Direct Fleet Support. An extensive set of realistic databases has been created that contains over 140 platforms, carrying over 170 emitters and representing targets from 24 countries. A truncated Dempster-Shafer evidential reasoning scheme is used that proves robust under countermeasures and deals efficiently with uncertain, incomplete or poor quality information. The evidential reasoning scheme can yield both single ID with an associated confidence level and more generic propositions of interest to the Commanding Officer. For nearly electromagnetically silent platforms, the Spot Adaptive mode of the SAR, which is appropriate for naval targets, is shown to be invaluable in providing long range features that are treated by a 4-step classifier to yield ship category, type and class. Our approach of reasoning over attributes provided by the imagery will allow the ADFT to process in the next phase (currently under way) both FLIR imagery and SAR imagery in different modes (RDP for naval targets, Strip Map and Spotlight Non-Adaptive for land targets).

关键词： imaging non-imaging Dempster-Shafer testbed evidential reasoning maritime surveillance

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Neuro-Dynamic Programming for adaptive fusion complexity control

Neuro-Dynamic Programming for adaptive fusion complexity con...

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conference on sensor fusion - architectures, algorithms, and applications iii

作者： Ross, KN Chaney, RD ALPHATECH Inc Burlington MA 01803 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431931

The prodigious amount of information provided by surveillance systems and other information sources has created unprecedented opportunities for achieving situation awareness. Because the mission's and user's needs are constantly evolving, fusion control strategics must adapt to these changing requirements. However, the optimal control problem with the desired adaptive control capabilities is enormously complex. Therefore, we solve the adaptive fusion control problem approximately using a methodology called Neuro-Dynamic Programming (NDP) that combines elements of dynamic programming, simulation-based reinforcement learning, and statistical inference techniques. This work demonstrates the promise of using NDP for adaptive fusion control by using it to allocate computational resources to Bayesian belief networks that use a variety of data types (e.g., SAR, MTI, ELINT, and terrain databases) to track and identify clusters of vehicles. We have significantly extended previous work by using NDP to adapt the fusion process itself in addition to deciding which clusters should get their inference updated. fusion within the Bayesian networks was adapted by using NDP to select the subset of available data to be used when updating the inference. We also extended previous work by using a dynamic scenario with moving vehicles for training and testing models.

关键词： adaptive fusion control Neuro-Dynamic Programming Bayesian networks reinforcement learning

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Fuzzy multisensor tracking system

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1999年 3719卷 279-287页

作者： Chan, Keith C.C. Lee, Vika Leung, Henry Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ Kowloon Hong Kong

Many multi-sensor target tracking systems are developed under the assumptions that data association is too complex and computational requirement is too excessive for centralized fusion approaches to be practical. In addition, it is also assumed that the noise component is relatively small, that there are no missed detection and that the scanning interval is relatively short, etc. Many multi-sensor tracking systems have been shown to be able to perform effectively when tested with simulated data generated under these assumptions. However, careful investigation into the characteristics of several sets of real data reveals that these assumptions cannot always be made validly. In this paper, we first describe the characteristics of a real multisensor tracking environment and explain why existing systems may not be able to perform their task effectively in such environment. We then present a data fusion technique that can overcome some of the weaknesses of these systems. This technique consists of three steps: (i) estimation of synchronization error using an adaptive learning approach; (ii) adjustment of measured positions of a target in case of missed detection; and (iii) prediction of the next target position using a fuzzy logic based algorithm. For performance evaluation, we tested the technique using different sets of real and simulated data. The results obtained are very satisfactory.

关键词： sensor data fusion

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MathWeb: a concurrent image analysis tool suite for multi-spectral data fusion

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1999年 3719卷 351-358页

作者： Achalakul, Tiranee Haaland, Peter D. Taylor, Stephen Syracuse Univ Syracuse United States

This paper describes a preliminary approach to the fusion of multi-spectral image data for the analysis of cervical cancer. The long-term goal of this research is to define spectral signatures and automatically detect cancer cell structures. The approach combines a multi-spectral microscope with an image analysis tool suite, MathWeb. The tool suite incorporates a concurrent Principal Component Transform (PCT) that is used to fuse the multi-spectral data. This paper describes the general approach and the concurrent PCT algorithm. The algorithm is evaluated from both the perspective of image quality and performance scalability.

关键词： Image analysis

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