Robotic manipulators are sold with reference to repeatability, but the manufacturers rarely quote figures for accuracy. The repeatability figures for many small/medium sized industrial 5 degree or 6 degree of freedom ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509060009
Robotic manipulators are sold with reference to repeatability, but the manufacturers rarely quote figures for accuracy. The repeatability figures for many small/medium sized industrial 5 degree or 6 degree of freedom (5/6DoF) arms are on the scale of 20 mu m, which is certainly impressive. But, this is not a measure of accuracy it is a measure of whether the arm will return to the same requested position again. As the paper will reveal, we encountered accuracy nearly two orders of magnitude worse than the repeatability metric. Our work on integrating 2D and 3D imaging systems with robotic manipulators for high precision interaction with 3D objects identified the requirement to determine the level of intrinsic/out of the box errors. This is in order to prevent potential collisions when automatically interacting at close proximity with any object in an unknown orientation where typical teach pendent or other prior correction is not applicable. In addition, understanding how to derive accurate calibration data allowed us to develop an approach for precise kinematic re-calibration of the manipulator.
The paper describes a systematic approach regarding the development of a linear position and speed transducer used in hydraulic applications. The electronic module of the transducer is integrated into the LVDT sensor ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819475596
The paper describes a systematic approach regarding the development of a linear position and speed transducer used in hydraulic applications. The electronic module of the transducer is integrated into the LVDT sensor body, to obtain an assembly capable to operate into hydraulic specific environment conditions: vibrations, wide range of operating temperature and high humidity with condensation, significant mechanic and hydraulic shocks, important electromagnetic interference with the intense electric current circuits specific for hydraulic equipment a. o. To obtain the functioning and precision performances needed, it was assessed the use of a reduced number of small size electronic components. It was chosen an original solution for excitation and processing of the signal from the sensor that allows the direct connection of the sensor with the microcontroller used into the electronic module of the transducer. The power supply of the transducer was implemented throughout commutation (buck-converter) providing a superior efficiency and reducing the risk of overheating the electronic module by Joule effect. The performances determined by experiment confirms the designing data by meaning to obtain the position indication of 10000 of stabile divisions and the speed indication of 1000 stabile divisions;the process time of the electronic module is 40ms.
Time-lenses in general proved to be useful for many applications and specifically when utilizing them for temporal imaging schemes where they can image ultrafast signals that cannot be detected by any electronic based...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510632714;9781510632721
Time-lenses in general proved to be useful for many applications and specifically when utilizing them for temporal imaging schemes where they can image ultrafast signals that cannot be detected by any electronic based device. Over the last few years, we demonstrated that when joining together several time-lenses into a single time-lens array, it is possible to gain more information on the input signal. Such as measuring temporal depth imaging, the state of polarization of the input signal as a function of time, and retrieving the phase dynamics. However, when designing an array of time-lenses, there is a trade-off between joining large number of small time-lenses, so each signal will interact with many time-lenses but each one has low resolution, and joining small number of large time-lenses, so each has better temporal resolution but on the expanse of interacting with smaller number of time-lenses in the array. We showed that one way to overcome this drawback is to overlap adjacent time-lenses. Thus it is possible to both have large number of time-lenses without compromising on the size of each time-lens and obtaining high temporal resolution. In this proceeding, we overlap two time-lenses and measure the spectrum of the idler. We compare the numerical simulations of the frequency domain of the idler to the measured spectrum of the idler.
Clusters, constellations, formations, or 'swarms' of small satellites are fast becoming a way to perform scientific and technological missions more affordably. As objectives of these missions become more ambit...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479953561
Clusters, constellations, formations, or 'swarms' of small satellites are fast becoming a way to perform scientific and technological missions more affordably. As objectives of these missions become more ambitious, there are still problems in increasing the number of communication windows, supporting multiple signals, and increasing data rates over reliable intersatellite and ground links to Earth. Also, there is a shortage of available frequencies in the 2 m and 70 cm bands due to rapid increase in the number of CubeSats orbiting the Earth - leading to further regulatory issues. Existing communication systems and radio signalprocessing Intellectual Property (IP) cores cannot fully address these challenges. One of the possible strategies to solve these issues is by equipping satellites with a Software Defined Radio (SDR). SDR is a key area to realise various software implementations which enable an adaptive and reconfigurable communication system without changing any hardware device or feature. This paper proposes a new SDR architecture which utilises a combination of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and field programmable Radio Frequency (RF) transceiver to solve back-end and front-end challenges and thereby enabling reception of multiple signals or satellites using single user equipment.
There has been a surge of interest in the research of frequency diverse array (FDA) radar across various radar-related fields. However, the current parameter estimation algorithms for FDA-MIMO radar demand a significa...
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Recently superpixel-based approaches have been proposed for dimensionality reduction (DR) in hyperspectral images. The basic assumption of this approach is that the superpixel over-segmentation segments the image into...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510618008
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510618008
Recently superpixel-based approaches have been proposed for dimensionality reduction (DR) in hyperspectral images. The basic assumption of this approach is that the superpixel over-segmentation segments the image into small homogeneous areas. A low-dimensional (LD) image representation is obtained by using the average of the superpixels, which are then used in other image processing tasks up the processing chain. Due to superpixel-segmentation algorithm limitations, the region inside a superpixel may not be homogeneous. Therefore, the average may not be an adequate representation for the superpixel, leading to inaccuracies in the low dimensional representation resulting in errors in the image processing tasks or analysis. Here we present an enhanced superpixel-based dimensionality reduction approach that incorporates homogeneity testing of superpixels. Homogeneous superpixels are represented by their mean but heterogeneous superpixels are represented by multiple representative signatures selected using the SVDSS column subset selection algorithm. The representative signatures for the homogeneous and heterogeneous superpixels provide an improved low-dimensional representation for the hyperspectral image that better captures the image structure. We present experiments applying the proposed enhanced and the conventional superpixel dimensionality reduction approaches to unmixing using the constrained non-negative matrix factorization (cNMF). A subset of data from the Washington DC Mall HYDICE image is utilized. In the experiments, the enhanced superpixel-based dimensionality-reduction approach results in better unmixing results compared to the conventional approach and to unmixing using the full data set.
If the MUSIC algorithm is applied to estimating bulk time delays and arrival angles in an active sonar, an advantage occurs when processing a single ping with few sensors. If too few sensors are available to effective...
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If the MUSIC algorithm is applied to estimating bulk time delays and arrival angles in an active sonar, an advantage occurs when processing a single ping with few sensors. If too few sensors are available to effectively generate a moving average over space, a moving average over frequency can be formed. The maximum available rank of the data covariance matrix then depends on the transmit signal bandwidth and the data time window duration. In this scenario, MUSIC is able to accurately resolve a line-like target which conventional processing cannot resolve.< >
With the continuous development of oil and gas exploration technology, the remaining exploration targets in the middle and shallow areas of the land are becoming less and less, and the deep complex targets have become...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781613996720
With the continuous development of oil and gas exploration technology, the remaining exploration targets in the middle and shallow areas of the land are becoming less and less, and the deep complex targets have become an important replacement area for oil and gas growth. In order to enhance the deep tight gas exploration potential of the Songliao Basin in China, structural interpretation and reservoir prediction of deep volcanic rocks and glutenite lithologic gas reservoirs are carried out, while the basic requirements for seismic data acquisition in complex reservoir exploration in the middle-deep layers are: higher sampling density, even distribution of space, appropriate offset. In the face of particularly complex reservoirs, it is necessary to fully strengthen the acquisition parameters, ensure the reservoir prediction needs, and avoid the waste caused by the inability to solve the geological problems. However, due to the weak signal and strong interference, the conventional narrow-azimuth three-dimensional observation system in the Songliao Basin is affected by factors such as low folds, large grid bin, and low reception of complex structural information, which affects the middle-deep layers. The imaging effect has restricted the development of tight gas exploration in the middle-deep layers. Therefore, the broadband, wide-azimuth and high-density (BWH) 3D seismic exploration technology has been developed. BWH refers to a wider excitation and reception frequency band, a wider reception orientation, and a higher sampling density. Generally, broadband acquisition requires signals with an octave of more than 5 times;wide-azimuth observation systems should have an aspect ratio greater than 0.5, where an aspect ratio greater than 0.85 is called an omnidirectional observation system;when using an explosive source, sampling densities greater than 500,000 channels/km2 can be referred to as high-density sampling. The application of actual data shows that the BWH data no
We consider the problem of tracking multiple maneuvering targets in the presence of clutter using switching multiple target motion models. A novel suboptimal fixed-lag smoothing algorithm is developed by applying the ...
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We consider the problem of tracking multiple maneuvering targets in the presence of clutter using switching multiple target motion models. A novel suboptimal fixed-lag smoothing algorithm is developed by applying the basic interacting multiple model (IMM) approach and joint probabilistic data association (JPDA) technique to a state augmented system. But unlike the standard single scan JPDA approach, we exploit a multiscan JPDA (Mscan-JPDA) approach to solve the data association problem. The algorithm is illustrated via a simulation example.
Sparsity of target space in subsurface imaging problem is used within the framework of the compressive sensing (CS) theory in recent publications to decrease the data acquisition load in practical systems. The develop...
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Sparsity of target space in subsurface imaging problem is used within the framework of the compressive sensing (CS) theory in recent publications to decrease the data acquisition load in practical systems. The developed CS based imaging methods are based on two important assumptions;namely, that the speed of propagation in the medium is known and that potential targets are point like targets positioned at discrete spatial points. However, in most subsurface imaging problems these assumptions are not always valid. The propagation velocity may only be known approximately, and targets will generally not fall on the grid exactly. In this work, the performance of the CS based subsurface imaging methods are analyzed for the above defined problems and possible solutions are discussed.
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