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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1999"

共 764 条记录，以下是151-160 订阅

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Proceedings of SPIE: signal and data processing of small targets 2001

Proceedings of SPIE: Signal and data processing of small tar...

引用

signal and data processing of small targets 2001

The proceedings contains 53 papers from the conference on signal and data processing of small targets 2001. The topics discussed include: radar target detection;object detection;video sequences;motion estimation;target cueing;hyperspectral images;adaptive antenna processing;surveillance radars;nonlinear detection filters;radar clutter;data association filters;data fusion;stereo vision;linear systems;multiple-model algorithms and dynamic programming algorithms.

关键词： Radar target recognition

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Maximum likelihood angle extractor in the presence of sea-surface multipath

Maximum likelihood angle extractor in the presence of sea-su...

引用

14th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Sinha, A Blair, WD Kirubarajan, T Bar-Shalom, Y Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06268 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444782

In the presence of sea-surface multipath monopulse radar signals from a low elevation target have three alternative paths in addition to the direct (radar-to-target) path due to reflections from the sea surface. The specular reflection causes significant signal fading. The diffuse reflection causes an approximately constant bias to the in-phase component of the monopulse ratio, which is the standard extractor of the direction of arrival (DOA) in the monopulse processing. The diffuse reflection also causes higher standard deviation to the in-phase component of the monopulse ratio. In this paper we propose a maximum likelihood (ML) angle extraction technique for low elevation targets of known average signal strength having a Rayleigh fluctuation. The results show that this method reduces the error of the estimated angle compared to the conventional monopulse ratio estimator. Subsequently, the ML angle extractor is modified for the unknown average signal strength case. This modified angle extractor has only a small performance degradation compared with the known average signal strength case, but it performs much better than the monopulse ratio based estimator. This angle extractor reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) by more than 50% in the signal processing stage when used in a low flying target (sea skimmer) tracking scenario.

关键词： Radar Reflection signal to noise ratio Specular reflections Error analysis signal processing Detection and tracking algorithms Silicon Analytical research Computer engineering

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Probability-of-detect-based beam pointing for multitarget tracking with electronically scanned radars

Probability-of-detect-based beam pointing for multitarget tr...

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14th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Register, A Brown, G Blair, WD Georgia Tech Research Institute (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819444782

Since the time and energy of phased array radars are under great demand in modem combat systems, methods that conserve those resources are very important. Two opportunities for conserving radar resources that have not been fully exploited when tracking closely-spaced objects with currently deployed systems are revisit time selection (i.e., time to make a measurement) and beam boresight placement. While these two functions are somewhat coupled, this paper addresses only the problem of beam pointing. Previously, a methodology for track management for phased array radars hinged on the concept of organizing tracks into, so called, dwell groups that included closely-spaced targets that could be illuminated with a single beam. Pointing angle for a dwell group was determined using a geometry-based approach. While the geometry-based approach was useful in improving the entire track management function, it was known to be sub-optimal in that the detection characteristics of the targets were not considered. This paper addresses an improved methodology for assigning membership in dwell groups and selecting dwell pointing angles.

关键词： multitarget tracking phased array radar signal processing beam pointing

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Stochastic data Association in Multi-Target Filtering

Stochastic Data Association in Multi-Target Filtering

引用

conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Coraluppi, Stefano Carthel, Craig Compunetix Inc Monroeville PA 15146 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490711

Multi-target filtering for closely-spaced targets leads to degraded performance with respect to single-target filtering solutions, due to measurement provenance uncertainty. Soft data association approaches like the probabilistic data association filter (PDAF) suffer track coalescence. Conversely, hard data association approaches like multiple-hypothesis tracking (MHT) suffer track repulsion. We introduce the stochastic data association filter (SDAF) that utilizes the PDAF weights in a stochastic, hard data association update step. We find that the SDAF outperforms the PDAF, though it does not match the performance of the MHT solution. We compare as well to the recently-introduced equivalence-class MHT (ECMHT) that successfully counters the track repulsion effect. Simulation results are based on the steady-state form of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, allowing for lengthy stochastic realizations with closely-spaced targets.

关键词： Multi-target filtering track coalescence track repulsion probabilistic data association filter (PDAF) stochastic data association filter (SDAF) multiple-hypothesis tracking (MHT) equivalence-class MHT (ECMHT)

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Discriminating small extended targets at sea from clutter and other classes of boats in infrared and visual light imagery

Discriminating small extended targets at sea from clutter an...

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20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： van den Broek, Sebastiaan P. Bouma, Henri Degache, Marianne A. C. TNO Def Secur & Safety NL-2509 JG The Hague Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

Operating in a coastal environment, with a multitude of boats of different sizes, detection of small extended targets is only one problem. A further difficulty is in discriminating detections of possible threats from alarms due to sea and coastal clutter, and from boats that are neutral for a specific operational task. Adding target features to detections allows filtering out clutter before tracking. Features can also be used to add labels resulting from a classification step. Both will help tracking by facilitating association. Labeling and information from features can be an aid to an operator, or can reduce the number of false alarms for more automatic systems. In this paper we present work on clutter reduction and classification of small extended targets from infrared and visual light imagery. Several methods for discriminating between classes of objects were examined, with an emphasis on less complex techniques, such as rules and decision trees. Similar techniques can be used to discriminate between targets and clutter, and between different classes of boats. Different features are examined that possibly allow discrimination between several classes. data recordings are used, in infrared and visual light, with a range of targets including rhibs, cabin boats and jet-skis.

关键词： classification clutter reduction target recognition small targets boats jet-ski

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Aspect aware UAV localization

Aspect aware UAV localization

引用

20th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Berger, Christian R. Zhou, Shengli Willett, Peter Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819471604

We consider target detection and tracking of stealthy targets. These targets can be characterized by a, strong aspect dependence leading to difficult detectability without a multi-static setup. Even in a multi-static setup only sensors in a, certain zone can detect the return signal, if the the aspect dependent return has a small bandwidth. We propose a solution based on a large number of simple sensor, as using many receivers increases the probability of detection. The sensors are simple in the sense that they only transmit binary detection results to a fusion center that has comparatively deep capabilities, and they do not need to know their own position or communicate with other sensors. We characterize the target position estimation performance using the Cramer-Rao bound and simulation results, considering uncertainty in nuisance parameters as the sensor positions or the specifics of the aspect dependence. We suggest a data collection protocol that includes locating sensors that detect the target and has low communication complexity. As a, novelty we also include information about "non-localized" sensors, as sensors which do not detect the target stay quiet to save bandwidth and energy, therefore are not known to the fusion center except via knowledge of the deployed sensor density and deployment region.

关键词： Sensors Target detection signal detection Binary data Unmanned aerial vehicles Receivers Fusion energy signal to noise ratio Error analysis data communications

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Information-based data Prioritization in Distributed Tracking Systems

Information-based Data Prioritization in Distributed Trackin...

引用

conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Coult, Nick Knight, J. Nate Leed, Woody Danford, Scott Paffenroth, Randy Poore, Aubrey Numerica Corp Loveland CO 80538 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490711

Effective multi-sensor, multi-target, distributed composite tracking requires the management of limited network bandwidth. In this paper we derive from first principles a value of information for measurements that can be used to sort the measurements in order from most to least valuable. We show the information metric must account for the models and filters used by the composite tracking system. We describe how this value of information can be used to optimize bandwidth utilization and illustrate its effectiveness using simulations that involve lossy and latent network models.

关键词： Kullback-Leibler Divergence data prioritization distributed tracking

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Proceedings of SPIE: signal and data processing of small targets 2003

Proceedings of SPIE: Signal and Data Processing of Small Tar...

引用

signal and data processing of small targets 2003

The proceedings contains 56 papers from the conference on the SPIE signal and data processing of small targets 2003. The topics discussed include: statistical analysis of achievable resolution in incoherent imaging;particle-filter-based track before detect algorithms;applying ordered statistics filters for point target detection in hyperspectral data;detecting low-contrast moving point targets;detection on fluctuating IR target using diversity combining techniques and force aggregation using genetic algorithms.

关键词： Infrared imaging

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A dynamic approach to efficiently clustering and predicting groups for moving targets

A dynamic approach to efficiently clustering and predicting ...

引用

16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Ma, DY Zhang, AD SUNY Buffalo Dept Comp Sci & Engn Buffalo NY 14260 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

Effective and efficient approaches to monitor and manage maneuvering objects are of great importance in various applications, such as wide battlefields, traffics, and wireless communications. Modern airborne radar sensors can provide wide-area surveillance coverage of ground activities. The huge volume of radar data renders it impractical and inefficient to examine all the activities of individual moving object. Clustering moving objects and predicting motion tendencies of large groups are becoming a crucial issue for optimizing resource distribution and formulating sound decisions. However, most traditional clustering techniques are static-object-oriented and not effective at clustering maneuvering objects. In addition, the radar data intermittence and noise data, which are caused by extraneous objects and stationary clutter background, are major difficulties in clustering and predicting groups. In this paper, we present a dynamic-object-oriented clustering approach to detecting and predicting large group activities over time. We propose a "core member" concept to support dynamic-object-oriented clustering and to mitigate the effects of data intermittence and noise data. In general, some special targets always tend to remain in a constant group and stay near the center of that group. To a large extent, the movement of these targets represents the activity of the entire group. To exploit this characteristic, we consider these special targets to be core members of their own cluster. The movements of the core members can help us detect clusters and predict their future movements. The performance and results of the application of our approach to CASTFOREM data sets are also presented.

关键词： Radar Detection and tracking algorithms Filtering (signal processing) Target detection Electronic filtering Sensors data modeling Surveillance Wireless communications signal detection

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Dynamic Sector processing using 2D Assignment for Rotating Radars

Dynamic Sector Processing using 2D Assignment for Rotating R...

引用

conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Habtemariam, Biruk K. Tharmarasa, R. Pelletier, M. Kirubarajan, T. McMaster Univ ECE Dept Hamilton ON Canada FLIR Raders Laval PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487476

Electronically scanned array radars as well as mechanically steered rotating antennas return measurements with different time stamps during the same scan while sweeping form one region to another. data association algorithms process the measurements at the end of the scan in order to satisfy the common one measurement per track assumption. data processing at the end of a full scan resulted in delayed target state update. This issue becomes more apparent while tracking fast moving targets with low scan rate sensors. In this paper, we present new dynamic sector processing algorithm using 2D assignment for continuously scanning radars. A complete scan can be divided into sectors, which could be as small as a single detection, depending on the scanning rate and sparsity of targets. data association followed by filtering and target state update is done dynamically while sweeping from one end to another. Along with the benefit of immediate track updates, continuous tracking results in challenges such as multiple targets spanning multiple sectors and targets crossing consecutive sectors. Also, associations performed in the current sector may require changes in association done in previous sectors. Such difficulties are resolved by the proposed 2D assignment algorithm that implements an incremental Hungarian assignment technique. The algorithm offers flexibility with respect to assignment variables for fusing of measurements received in consecutive sectors. Furthermore the proposed technique can be extended to multiframe assignment for jointly processing data from multiple scanning radars. Experimental results based on rotating radars are presented.

关键词： target tracking rotating radar dynamic data association 2D assignment Hungarian assignment

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