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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1999"

共 764 条记录，以下是421-430 订阅

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Multi step ahead beam and waveform scheduling for tracking of manoeuvering targets in clutter

Multi step ahead beam and waveform scheduling for tracking o...

引用

International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： S. Suvorova D. Musicki B. Moran S. Howard B. La Scala Department of EEE University of Melbourne VIC Australia EWRD Edinburgh SA Australia

Modern radar systems have considerable flexibility in their modes of operation. In particular, it is possible to modify the waveform on a pulse to pulse basis, and electronically steered phased arrays can quickly point the radar beam in any feasible direction. Such flexibility calls for new methods of scheduling, both of the waveform and the beam direction so as to optimize the radar performance. We consider a radar system capable of rapid beam steering and of waveform switching. The transmit waveform is chosen from a small library. The operational requirement of the radar is to track a number of manoeuvring targets while performing surveillance for new potential targets. Tracking is accomplished by means of an LMIPDA (linear multitarget integrated probabilistic data association) tracker. An interacting multiple models (IMM) method is used to model manoeuvering targets in the tracker. LMIPDA provides a probability of track existence, permitting adoption of a "track-before-detect" technique. "False alarm" tracks are maintained until the probability of track existence falls below a threshold. Our aim is to maintain the tracks of the existing targets to within a specified accuracy as determined by the absolute value of the track error covariance matrix. However, this has to be done within the time available, given that a full scan has to be performed within a prescribed interval. We give an algorithm for scheduling revisits to measure the targets while maintaining surveillance.

关键词： Target tracking Radar tracking Phased arrays Surveillance Clutter Optimization methods Beam steering Libraries Covariance matrix Scheduling algorithm

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Multitarget tracking and monopulse signal processing for spawning targets

Multitarget tracking and monopulse signal processing for spa...

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Willett, P Blair, WD Ogle, T Univ Connecticut Storrs CT USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

A monopulse radar is able to derive accurate angular measurements via intelligent processing of its sum and difference channel returns. Recently there have emerged techniques for angular estimation of several unresolved targets. meaning targets that are. in principle, merged within the same radar beam, can be extracted separately. The key is the joint exploitation of information in several range bins. Here we show the performance of this approach in a high-fidelity simulation: we observe considerable improvement in track RMSE, but little corresponding, gain in track completeness. Coupled with a hidden Markov model on target number, however, the performance is impressive.

关键词： radar target tracking radar signal processing resolution

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Detection of small target in IR image sequences using VSLMS

Detection of small target in IR image sequences using VSLMS

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Ng, LN Ronda, V Lim, ET Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

A Vertical-Strip Least Mean Squared (VSLMS) algorithm is proposed to enhance the detection of small moving targets in IR image sequences. This algorithm is an improvement over the Two-Dimensional LMS (TDLMS), which is designed to detect small targets within highly correlated background of static images. This paper focuses on processing IR image sequences with different background features with layers of sky, sea and land clutter. The VSLMS uses multiple LMS modules and a different scanning method to process individual lines in the IR image sequences. Simulation results show successful enhancement of very small targets in an IR mage sequence.

关键词： VSLMS IR image sequences TDLMS

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Fast mutual exclusion

Fast mutual exclusion

引用

16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Maskell, S Briers, M Wright, R QinetiQ Ltd Malvern Technol Ctr Malvern Worcs England

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

A method is presented that circumvents the combinatorial explosion often assumed to exist when summing probabilities of joint association events in a multiple target tracking context. The approach involves no approximations in the summation and while the number of joint events grows exponentially with the number of targets, the computational complexity of the approach is substantially less than exponential. Multiple target tracking algorithms that use this summation include mutual exclusion(11,21) in a particle filtering context and the Joint Probabilistic data Association Filter,(7) a Kalman Filter based algorithm. The perceived computational expense associated with this combinatorial explosion has meant that such algorithms have been restricted to applications involving only a handful of targets. The approach presented here makes it possible to use such algorithms with a large number of targets.

关键词： Detection and tracking algorithms Filtering (signal processing) Electronic filtering Particle filters Particles

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Background modeling and target segmentation via modified Kalman filtering

Background modeling and target segmentation via modified Kal...

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Searle, SJ Univ Adelaide Sch Elect & Elect Engn CSSIP Adelaide SA 5005 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

In target detection and tracking applications with imagery data taken from a moving camera platform, it is necessary to segment potential targets in each image frame. This is typically done by preprocessing individual images to exploit some known attribute about the data. Often these methods make many false detections, particularly in the presence of additive noise, and the results thus require significant post-processing. A means of estimating the background in the imagery sequence under the formalism of the Kalman filter is suggested. This background estimate is then used to recast the segmentation problem as one of outlier detection, and the result of segmentation is used to modify the filter update. Ways of making the technique computationally benign are discussed. The technique is used to analyse a simulated image sequence, and the performance is compared to that of a single-frame back-round-estimation technique. The feasibility of target segmentation via background tracking is thus demonstrated.

关键词： Image segmentation Filtering (signal processing) Target detection Matrices Cameras Image filtering Digital filtering Electronic filtering Optical filters Image analysis

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data association hypothesis evaluation for i.i.d. but non-Poisson multiple target tracking

Data association hypothesis evaluation for i.i.d. but non-Po...

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Mori, S Chong, CY ALPHATECH Inc Mountain View CA 94040 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

This paper discusses the evaluation of data association hypotheses for a general class of multiple target tracking problems. We assume that the number of targets is unknown, and that given the number of targets, the joint target state distributions form a system of independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) probability distributions. We are particularly interested in the case where the prior probability distribution of the number of targets is not necessarily Poisson. We will show that the Poisson assumption is not only sufficient but also necessary for the commonly used standard multiplicative hypothesis evaluation formula. Consequently, we claim that the use of the standard multiplicative hypothesis evaluation formula implies, either explicitly or implicitly, the Poisson assumption. We will also examine the Poisson assumption on the number of false alarms in each measurement set.

关键词： multiple target tracking data association hypothesis evaluation IID cluster non-Poisson point process

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A wavelet-based regularization scheme for HRR radar profile enhancement for use in automatic target recognition

A wavelet-based regularization scheme for HRR radar profile ...

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Morris, HC DePass, MM San Jose State Univ Dept Math San Jose CA 95192 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

Cetin(1-2) has applied non-quadratic optimization methods to produce feature-enhanced high-range resolution (ERR) radar profiles. This work concerned ground-based targets and was carried-out in the temporal domain. In this paper, we propose a wavelet-based-half-quadratic technique(3) for ground-to-air target identification. The method is tested on simulated data generated by standard techniques(4). This analysis shows the ability of the proposed method to recover high-resolution features such as the locations and amplitudes of the dominant scatterers in the HRR profile. This suggests that the technique potentially may help improve the performance of HRR target recognition systems.

关键词： high range-resolution radar wavelets signal reconstruction non-quadratic optimization superresolution

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Tracking ground vehicles on a grid

Tracking ground vehicles on a grid

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Sworder, DD Boyd, JE Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

Hybrid models have proven useful for tracking targets with multiple motion modes. Most emphasis in the literature has been devoted to aircraft which transition from constant velocity motion to constant (or nearly constant) turns and back. Ground targets motions have received less attention despite similarities with aircraft. This paper presents a study of the ground-tracking problem using the Gaussian wavelet estimator as the basic algorithm. The sensor suite contains a matrix of range-bearing sensors of quality that is strongly range dependent. There also may be an acoustic sensor which provides an auxiliary speed measurement. It is shown that the high degree of partitioning of the kinematic state space provided by the algorithm is useful in this application.

关键词： nonlinear filters target tracking data fusion

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A dynamic approach to efficiently clustering and predicting groups for moving targets

A dynamic approach to efficiently clustering and predicting ...

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16th conference on signal and data processing of small targets

作者： Ma, DY Zhang, AD SUNY Buffalo Dept Comp Sci & Engn Buffalo NY 14260 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945351X

Effective and efficient approaches to monitor and manage maneuvering objects are of great importance in various applications, such as wide battlefields, traffics, and wireless communications. Modern airborne radar sensors can provide wide-area surveillance coverage of ground activities. The huge volume of radar data renders it impractical and inefficient to examine all the activities of individual moving object. Clustering moving objects and predicting motion tendencies of large groups are becoming a crucial issue for optimizing resource distribution and formulating sound decisions. However, most traditional clustering techniques are static-object-oriented and not effective at clustering maneuvering objects. In addition, the radar data intermittence and noise data, which are caused by extraneous objects and stationary clutter background, are major difficulties in clustering and predicting groups. In this paper, we present a dynamic-object-oriented clustering approach to detecting and predicting large group activities over time. We propose a "core member" concept to support dynamic-object-oriented clustering and to mitigate the effects of data intermittence and noise data. In general, some special targets always tend to remain in a constant group and stay near the center of that group. To a large extent, the movement of these targets represents the activity of the entire group. To exploit this characteristic, we consider these special targets to be core members of their own cluster. The movements of the core members can help us detect clusters and predict their future movements. The performance and results of the application of our approach to CASTFOREM data sets are also presented.

关键词： Radar Detection and tracking algorithms Filtering (signal processing) Target detection Electronic filtering Sensors data modeling Surveillance Wireless communications signal detection

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Proceedings of SPIE - signal and data processing of small targets 2004

Proceedings of SPIE - Signal and Data Processing of Small Ta...

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signal and data processing of small targets 2004

The proceedings contain 50 papers from the conference on SPIE- signal and data processing of small targets 2004. The topics discussed include: background modeling and target segmentation via modified Kalman filtering;automatic target selection in video signals;detection of small targets in IR image sequences using VSLMS;multiple model tracking using fuzzy clustering;tracking maneuvering targets using a scale mixture of normals;physics-based computational complexity of nonlinear filters;IMM estimator with out-of-sequence measurements;feature aided tracking (FAT) and tracking ground vehicles on a grid.

关键词： Digital signal processing

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