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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1999"

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Kalman filter vs. IMM estimator: When do we need the latter?

Kalman filter vs. IMM estimator: When do we need the latter?

引用

conference on signal and data processing of small targets 2000

作者： Kirubarajan, T Bar-Shalom, Y Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819436747

In this paper a performance comparison between a Kalman filter and the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) estimator: is carried out for single-target tracking. In a number of target tracking problems of various sizes, ranging from single-target tracking to tracking of about a thousand aircraft for Air Traffic Control, it has been shown that the IMM estimator performs significantly better than a Kalman filter In spite of these studies and many others, the condition under which an IMM estimator is desirable over a single model Kalman filter has not been quantified. In this paper the limits of a single model Kalman filter vs. an IMM estimator are quantified in terms of the target maneuvering index, which is a function of target motion uncertainty, measurement uncertainty and sensor revisit interval. Naturally, the higher the maneuverability of the target (higher maneuvering index), the more the need for a versatile estimator like the IMM. Using simulation studies, it is shown that above a certain maneuvering index an IMM estimator is preferred over a Kalman filter to track the target motion. Performances of these two estimators are compared in terms of estimation errors and track continuity over the practical range of maneuvering indices. These limits should serve as a guideline in choosing the more versatile, but costlier, IMM estimator over a simpler Karman filter.

关键词： target tracking tracking performance air traffic control tracking maneuvering targets Kalman filter multiple model estimation adaptive estimation Interacting Multiple Model Estimator

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Time-domain metal detector and GPR data processing and fusion for landmine detection

Time-domain metal detector and GPR data processing and fusio...

引用

conference on Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike targets V

作者： Gao, P Collins, L Duke Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Durham NC 27706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081943664X

For the landmine detection problem, a detector that provides a high probability of detection and a low probability of false alarm is needed. It is often the case that detectors satisfy one requirement at the cost of poor performance with regard to the other. Single sensors cannot achieve this goal, since every sensor has its advantages and disadvantages when dealing with a large variety of landmines, from large metal-cased mines to small plastic-cased mines, etc. Thus, in this paper we consider two types of sensors, EMI and GPR. Time-domain EMI has been extensively used in the military and humanitarian demining. However, it is essentially a metal detector, thus, can detect mines with high metal content successfully, as well as metal debris in the environment. This yields poor detection performance on mines with low metal content and high false alarm sate if the field was contaminated by metallic clutter. On the other hand, GPR is a potential tool for landmine detection, since it can detect and identify subsurface anomalies. A GPR system with wide frequency band can achieve good resolution and adequately deep penetration for landmine detection. In our previous work, we have shown that Bayesian detection approach can be applied to EMI data and provide promising results. In this paper, we present results that indicate that statistical signal processing techniques can improve performance over the conventional detection methods, which are usually based on the energy present in the signal. Specifically, we consider data taken by the Coleman Research Corporation (CRC) Handheld Standoff Mine Detection System (HSTAMIDS) at Fort A. P. Hill, VA. and Yuma, AZ. The active system of the HSTAMIDS contains co-located metal detector (MD) and GPR sensors, which allows us to fuse the data from the MD and GPR sensors. Thus, in addition to discussing individual sensor data processing, we also present result of data fusion of both the MD and the GPR data using the HSTAMIDS system.

关键词： mine detection statistical detection sensor fusion electromagnetic induction ground penetrating radar

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On universal linear prediction of Gaussian data 25

On universal linear prediction of Gaussian data

引用

25th IEEE International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing, ICASSP 2000

作者： Kozat, Suleyman S. Singer, Andrew C. Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780362934

In this paper, we derive some of the stochastic properties of a universal linear predictor, through analyses similar to those generally made in the adaptive signal processing literature. A. C. Singer et al. (see IEEE Trans. signal Proc., vol.47, no.10, p.2685-2700, Oct. 1999) introduced a predictor whose sequentially accumulated mean squared error for any bounded individual sequence was shown to be as small as that for any linear predictor of order less than some maximum order m. For stationary Gaussian time series, we generalize these results, and remove the boundedness restriction. In this paper we show that the learning curve of this universal linear predictor is dominated by the learning curve of the best order predictor used in the algorithm. © 2000 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Optimal multiframe detection and tracking in digital image sequences 25

Optimal multiframe detection and tracking in digital image s...

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25th IEEE International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing, ICASSP 2000

作者： Bruno, Marcelo G.S. Moura, José M.F. Electrical Engineering Depart. University of Sao Paulo P.O. Box 61548 Sao Paulo SP05424-970 Brazil Massachusetts Institute of Technology Room 35-203 77 Massachusetts Ave CambridgeMA02139-4703 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780362934

We present a Bayesian algorithm for optimal multiframe detection and tracking of small extended targets in two-dimensional (2D) finite resolution images. The algorithm integrates detection and tracking into a single framework using as data a sequence of cluttered sensor snapshots. Performance studies using Monte Carlo simulations show substantial improvements when the proposed Bayes tracker is compared to the association of a correlation filter and a linearized Kalman-Bucy filter. Likewise, there are significant detection performance gains of up to 6 dB in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) when the multiframe Bayes detector is compared to a single frame likelihood ratio test (LRT) detector. © 2000 IEEE.

关键词： signal to noise ratio

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On parametric detection of small targets in sea clutter

On parametric detection of small targets in sea clutter

引用

International conference on Information Fusion

作者： H.E. Wensink Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V. Hengelo Netherlands

A new algorithm is presented that instantaneously estimates the clutter characteristics in the environment of the radar cell that is processed. No a priori information is used, since the algorithm operates directly on the data of the incoming burst. It is a technique that adapts continuously and instantaneously to the environment. The algorithm, after having identified the sea clutter rejects this sea clutter from the data; thus enhancing the probability of detecting small objects in a clutter environment. The final step is the actual detection that makes use of the advantages of the parametric representation. This results in a lower rate of false detections and as a consequence the later stages, like clustering and tracking, receive a more accurate input. The technique behind this algorithm uses recent developments in parametric time series analysis and performs well in suppressing sea as well as land clutter.

关键词： signal processing algorithms Radar detection Radar cross section Radar clutter Object detection Doppler radar signal processing Time series analysis signal resolution Reflection

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On universal linear prediction of Gaussian data

On universal linear prediction of Gaussian data

引用

International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： S.S. Kozat A.C. Singer Coordinated Sci. Lab. Illinois Univ. Urbana IL USA Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana-Champaign IL USA

关键词： Predictive models Convergence Stochastic processes Least squares methods Speech analysis Resonance light scattering Integrated circuit modeling Time series analysis Speech coding Random processes

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signal and data processing of small targets 1999: 20-22 July 1999, Denver, Colorado

Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets 1999: 20-22 July...

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1999年

作者： Oliver E Drummond

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NNJPDA for tracking closely-spaced Rayleigh targets with possibly merged measurements

NNJPDA for tracking closely-spaced Rayleigh targets with pos...

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conference on signal and data processing of small targets 1999

作者： Blair, WD Brandt-Pearce, M Georgia Inst Technol Georgia Tech Res Inst Atlanta GA 30332 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819432954

The measurements of the two closely-spaced targets will be merged when the target echoes are not resolved in angle, range, or radial velocity (i.e., Doppler processing). The modified Cramer Rao lower bound (CRLB) is given for monopulse direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for two unresolved Rayleigh targets and used to give insight into the antenna boresight pointing. A monopulse processing technique is given for DOA estimation of two unresolved Rayleigh targets. The Nearest Neighbor Joint Probabilistic data Association Algorithm (NNJPDA) algorithm is extended to include the possibility of merged monopulse measurements of Rayleigh targets. The monopulse signals are incorporated into the data association as a feature to discriminate between merged and resolved measurements.

关键词： unresolved objects target tracking data association radar signal processing

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Application of IMM/MHT tracking with spectral features to ground targets

Application of IMM/MHT tracking with spectral features to gr...

引用

conference on signal and data processing of small targets 1999

作者： Blackman, SS Dempster, RJ Sasaki, DM Singer, PF Tucker, GK Raytheon Systems Co. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819432954

This paper considers the problem of tracking dim unresolved ground targets and helicopters in heavy clutter with a ground based sensor. To detect dim targets the threshold must be set low which results in a large number of false alarms. The tracker typically uses the target dynamics to prevent the false alarms from forming false tracks. The interesting aspect of this problem is that the targets may be or may become stationary. The tracks of stationary targets are difficult to discriminate from tracks formed by persistent false alarms.

关键词： MHT IMM multispectral detection passive ranging

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Sequential Monte Carlo for manoeuvring target tracking in clutter

Sequential Monte Carlo for manoeuvring target tracking in cl...

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conference on signal and data processing of small targets 1999

作者： Gordon, NJ Doucet, A DERA Signal Proc & Imagery Dept Malvern WR14 3PS Worcs England

In this paper we consider the problem of tracking a manoeuvring target in clutter. We apply an original on-line Monte Carlo (MC) filtering algorithm to perform optimal state estimation. Improved performance of the res... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819432954

关键词： particle filter tracking in clutter manoeuvring target tracking Bayesian methods

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