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17th Slovak-Czech-Polish Optical conference on Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics

作者： Boldis, M. Uherek, F. Chovan, J. Slovak Tech Univ Bratislava Fac Elect Engn & Informat Technol Bratislava 81219 Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9780819482365

With the invention of first laser before 50 years has been proved generation of intense, focused and narrow light beam of one wavelength, also at the same time were fulfilled assumptions for creation memories on light base -Optical data Storages. Contemporary dynamic memories operate on base electrical impulses, manufactured as matrix arranged MOSFET transistors with capacitors, and reach time delay (latency time) in ones nanoseconds. Transfer data rates are above ones of Gbps. Current storages are approaching technologically threshold parameters, what may be barrier to further development, whereas Optical data storages multiple exceed transfer data rates of contemporary memories, not require reverse O/E/O signal transformation, operate in pico-seconds (ps) and work at low energetic levels of femto-Joules. New end-user services lay still bigger emphasis for transferred and stored data volumes, transfer rates, quality of transmission and data processing, whereby they partly pushing out contemporary storages and create place for optical memory elements used in telecommunication networks and in devices. Optical storages with their several-fold higher-density, high transmission rates, better quality and small dimensions are becoming a new trend for dynamic buffer or balancing memories, used for long-term data archiving in plasmonic nano-structures within Holographic data storages.

关键词： Holography Optical storages Optical memory 3D surface recording Optical buffer All-optical systems Integrated optics

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Firmware Upgrade for the data Acquisition System of the LabPET small Animal PET Scanner

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE 2010年第2期57卷 556-560页

作者： Tetrault, M. -A. Bergeron, M. Lecomte, R. Fontaine, R. Univ Sherbrooke Dept Elect & Comp Engn Sherbrooke PQ J1K 2R1 Canada Univ Sherbrooke Dept Med Nucl & Radiobiol Sherbrooke PQ J1K 2R1 Canada CHUS Sherbrooke Mol Imaging Ctr Sherbrooke PQ J1K 2R1 Canada

The LabPET scanner is based on avalanche photodiodes individually read out by free running analog to digital converters, giving it the ability to reach high count rates for individual detection crystals. The actual rate performance depends on the supporting firmware that implements the detection, sampling and processing steps in the host programmable devices. The initial firmware version for the LabPET provided the target performance, but was written for functionality rather than maximum throughput. The upgraded firmware optimizes several parts of the analysis flow and uses pipelining techniques to increase count rate performance by 50%, while utilizing 24% less FPGA logic resources and no hardware modifications.

关键词： FPGA pipelining positron emission tomography (PET) real time signal processing

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A New Framework for small Sample Size Face Recognition Based on Weighted Multiple Decision Templates

A New Framework for Small Sample Size Face Recognition Based...

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17th International conference on Neural Information processing

作者： Ghaemi, Mohammad Sajjad Masoudnia, Saeed Ebrahimpour, Reza Sharif Univ Technol Dept Math Sci Tehran Iran Res Ctr Intelligent Signal Processing Tehran Iran Sch Cognit Sci Inst Studies Theoret Phys & Math Tehran Iran Islamic Azad Univ Young Res Club Ctr Tehran Branch Tehran Iran Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training Univ Dept Elect Engn Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9783642175367

In this paper a holistic method and a local method based on decision template ensemble are investigated. In addition by combining both methods, a new hybrid method for boosting the performance of the system is proposed and evaluated with respect to robustness against small sample size problem in face recognition. Inadequate and substantial variations in the available training samples are the two challenging obstacles in classification of an unknown face image. At first in this novel multi learner framework, a decision template is designed for the global face and a set of decision templates is constructed for each local part of the face as a complement to the previous part. The prominent results demonstrate that, the new hybrid method based on fusion of weighted multiple decision templates is superior to the other classic combining schemes for both ORL and Yale data sets. In addition when the global and the local components of the face are combined together the best performance is achieved.

关键词： Face recognition

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A novel detection warning signal creation method for hand-held GPR applications

A novel detection warning signal creation method for hand-he...

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Proceedings of the International conference on Ground Penetrating Radar, GPR

作者： Mehmet Sezgin TÜBITAK UEKAE Gebze Kocaeli Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424446049;9781424446056

In this paper a novel detection warning signal creation method is proposed for pulse Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data, especially for small non-metallic targets, in time domain. Background removal is applied to the data through a sliding window scheme and Target Energy Function (TEF) is obtained as correlation summation of consecutive A-scan signals. Then Auxiliary Detection Function (ADF) is defined and a novel automatic Detection Warning signal (DWS) creation is applied. The proposed method has been tested specifically for a set of small sized dielectric targets which are not easily detectable. The results are promising as full detection performance and zero false alarm rate in original dataset. Moreover, it is obtained that the immunity of the proposed method against noise is very satisfactory.

关键词： signal detection Ground penetrating radar Buried object detection Radar detection Object detection signal processing Testing Statistical analysis Clutter Dielectrics

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Single microbubble acoustics in small tubes

Single microbubble acoustics in small tubes

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20th International Congress on Acoustics 2010, ICA 2010 - Incorporating the 2010 Annual conference of the Australian Acoustical Society

作者： Butler, Mairead B. Dermitzakis, Aris Thomas, David Looney, Padraig Pye, Stephen Sboros, Vassilis University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom University of Patras Greece NHS Lothian Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781617827457

Ultrasound microbubble contrast agents can be used to image blood flow in vessels. small blood vessels form around arterial plaques and in tumours, by angiogenesis, and microbubbles can be imaged in these vessels to aid diagnosis. Currently no specific ultrasound imaging techniques exist which can distinguish between microbubbles in large or small vessels, however in vitro it has been shown that microbubbles in small tubes have a different acoustic response to those in larger tubes. Imaging techniques optimised for large or small vessels, slow flowing or attached microbubbles would help microbubbles be used to their full potential. A system for the investigation of single microbubbles was modified to include tubes. Definity and biSphere microbubbles were studied in 200m cellulose and 50m acrylic tubes. data for free bubbles subject to the same acoustic field was also available for comparison. For all microbubbles a 6-cycle pulse of transmit frequency 1.6MHz was used with peak negative acoustic pressures of 550 kPa. The fundamental and harmonic backscattered pressures were calculated. For rigid shelled biSphere in the 200μm tube, the mean fundamental RMS pressure was 2.1 ± 1.3Pa compared to 4.7 ± 3.7Pa for free microbubbles. For softer shelled Definity the mean harmonic RMS pressure for free microbubbles was 3.2± 1.2Pa and 7.54 ± 3.2Pa in the 50μm tube. The results demonstrate that the origin of strong harmonic signatures from microbubbles in vivo is partly due to the presence of vessel walls, and that it is possible to detect small changes in microbubble behaviour. This provides valuable information on the acoustic response of microbubbles in tubes that can be used to develop better signal processing algorithms. Copyright © (2010) by the International Congress on Acoustics.

关键词： Acoustic fields

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Unsupervised aggregation for classification problems with large numbers of categories

Unsupervised aggregation for classification problems with la...

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13th International conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, AISTATS 2010

作者： Titov, Ivan Klementiev, Alexandre small, Kevin Roth, Dan Saarland University Germany Johns Hopkins University United States Tufts University United States University of Illinois United States

Classification problems with a very large or unbounded set of output categories are common in many areas such as natural language and image processing. In order to improve accuracy on these tasks, it is natural for a decision-maker to combine predictions from various sources. However, supervised data needed to fit an aggregation model is often difficult to obtain, especially if needed for multiple domains. Therefore, we propose a generative model for unsupervised aggregation which exploits the agreement signal to estimate the expertise of individual judges. Due to the large output space size, this aggregation model cannot encode expertise of constituent judges with respect to every category for all problems. Consequently, we extend it by incorporating the notion of category types to account for variability of the judge expertise depending on the type. The viability of our approach is demonstrated both on synthetic experiments and on a practical task of syntactic parser aggregation. Copyright 2010 by the authors.

关键词： Image processing

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Sparsity enhanced fast subsurface imaging for stepped frequency GPRs

Sparsity enhanced fast subsurface imaging for stepped freque...

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IEEE signal processing and Communications Applications (SIU)

作者： Mehmet Ali Çağrı Tuncer Ali Cafer Gürbuz Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Turkey

A sparsity enhanced and fast data acquisition and imaging method is presented for stepped-frequency continuous-wave ground penetrating radars (SFCW GPRs). In previous work it is shown that if the target space is sparse like the point like targets, an image of the target space can be constructed with making measurements at only a small number of random frequencies by solving an l 1 minimization problem. This greatly reduces the data acquisition time but the computational complexity for the imaging method is high. In this work, subsurface imaging is done with a suboptimal but fast method, orthogonal matching pursuit. Similar results to l 1 minimization images are obtained within much shorter times. Also the results are sparse and less cluttered compared to standard backprojection images.

关键词： Ground penetrating radar Matching pursuit algorithms Radar imaging data acquisition Compressed sensing

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Neuronal Functional Connectivity Dynamics in Cortex: An MSC-based Analysis

Neuronal Functional Connectivity Dynamics in Cortex: An MSC-...

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32nd Annual International conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC 10)

作者： Li, Lin Park, Il (Menming) Seth, Sohan Sanchez, Justin C. Principe, Jose C. Univ Florida Dept Elect Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA Univ Florida Dept BioMed Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA Univ Florida Dept Pediat Div Neurol Gainesville FL 32611 USA Univ Florida Dept Elect Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441242

The activation of neural ensembles in the cortex is correlated with behavioral states and a change in neuronal functional connectivity patterns is expected. In this paper, we investigate this dynamic nature of functional connectivity in the cortex. Because of the time scale of behavior, a robust method with limited sample size is desirable. In light of this, we utilize mean square contingency (MSC) to measure the pairwise neural dependency to quantify the cortical functional connectivity. Simulation results show that MSC is more robust than cross correlation when the sample size is small. In monkey neural data test, our approach is more effective in detecting the dynamics of functional connectivity associated with the transitions between rest and movement states.

关键词： MSC-based analysis behavioral states bioelectric phenomena biomechanics brain cortex cross correlation mean square contingency medical signal processing monkey neural data test movement states neuronal functional connectivity dynamics neurophysiology pairwise neural dependency rest states statistical analysis

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WALL-CLUTTER MITIGATION USING CROSS-BEAMFORMING IN THROUGH-THE-WALL RADAR IMAGING

WALL-CLUTTER MITIGATION USING CROSS-BEAMFORMING IN THROUGH-T...

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European signal processing conference

作者： Christian Debes Christian Weiss Abdelhak M. Zoubir Moeness G. Amin Signal Processing Group Technische Universitat Darmstadt Center for Advanced Communications Villanova University

A new technique for removal of the wall EM returns in Through-the-Wall Radar Imaging is presented. It is based on the spatial notch-filtering to separate wall and target reflections. The proposed technique forms squint beams at the receiver using a divided aperture. In doing so, it removes the strong wall signature without eliminating those of the targets. The proposed scheme provides desirable 3D target detection which is evaluated using real data examples from Through-the-Wall radar imaging experiments.

关键词： wall radar Radar imaging new technique targets observational data Imaging Eliminate Receivers Strabismus

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Development of a Particle Filter Framework for Respiratory Motion Correction in Nuclear Medicine Imaging

Development of a Particle Filter Framework for Respiratory M...

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conference on Medical Imaging 2010 - Image processing

作者： Abd Rahni, Ashrani Aizzuddin Lewis, Emma Wells, Kevin Guy, Matthew Goswami, Budhaditya Univ Surrey Ctr Vis Speech & Signal Proc Guildford GU2 7XH Surrey England Medway Maritime Hosp Nucl Med Phys Gillingham England Univ Surrey Guildford Surrey England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819480248

This research aims to develop a methodological framework based on a data driven approach known as particle filters, often found in computer vision methods, to correct the effect of respiratory motion on Nuclear Medicine imaging data. Particles filters are a popular class of numerical methods for solving optimal estimation problems and we wish to use their flexibility to make an adaptive framework. In this work we use the particle filter for estimating the deformation of the internal organs of the human torso, represented by X, over a discrete time index k. The particle filter approximates the distribution of the deformation of internal organs by generating many propositions, called particles. The posterior estimate is inferred from an observation Z(k) of the external torso surface. We demonstrate two preliminary approaches in tracking organ deformation. In the first approach, X-k represent a small set of organ surface points. In the second approach, X-k represent a set of affine organ registration parameters to a reference time index r. Both approaches are contrasted to a comparable technique using direct mapping to infer X-k from the observation Z(k). Simulations of both approaches using the XCAT phantom suggest that the particle filter-based approaches, on average performs, better.

关键词： Particle Filter Respiratory Motion Correction Nuclear Medicine Imaging

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