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Multimedia Computing, Networking and applications (MCNA), International conference on

作者： Sharief Abdel-Razeq Haythem Bany Salameh Salwa Mdardas Department of Telecommunications Engineering Yarmouk University Irbid Jordan Department of Communications and Networking Al Ain University Al Ain United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (数字)9798350354737

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354744

Indoor Hybrid WiFi/LiFi Networks, or IHWLNets, are a ground-breaking solution to indoor wireless networking that leverages the complementary qualities of both Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) and Light Fidelity ($\mathbf{L i F i}$) technologies. In today’s connected world, wherein the requirement for high-speed data transfer within interior environments continues to rise, IHWLNets emerge as a strategic option. WiFi, noted for its extensive availability and versatility, satisfies the varying connection demands of consumers from many industries. At the same time, LiFi, which transmits data via light rays, offers remarkable speed, security, and resilience to interference from electromagnetic waves, which makes it ideal for sensitive environments like medical and industry. By carefully integrating such technologies, IHWLNets hold the ability to redefine indoor connectivity, enhancing effectiveness, and user experiences in very important sectors such as healthcare, manufacturing, and retail. As research and development in this area progresses, IHWLNets have immense potential to drive innovations in smart buildings, Internet of Things (IoT) deployments, and beyond, heralding an era of seamless connectivity and innovative applications. In this survey, we provide the reader with a solid background on $\mathbf{W i F i, L i F i}$ architectures and their channel models. Furthermore, we revise recent papers on indoor hybrid $\mathrm{WiFi} / \mathrm{LiFi}$ networks (IHWLNets) and provide some important future directions.

关键词： Surveys Wireless sensor networks Technological innovation Wireless networks Computer architecture Light fidelity solids Internet of Things Channel models Wireless fidelity

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Prognostic health management for avionic systems

Prognostic health management for avionic systems

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IEEE conference on Aerospace

作者： R.F. Orsagh D.W. Brown P.W. Kalgren C.S. Byington A.J. Hess T. Dabney Impact Technologies LLC Rochester NY USA Crystal Gateway Four Arlington VA USA

Maintenance of aircraft electronic systems has traditionally been performed in reaction to reported failures or through periodic system replacements. Recent changes in weapons platform acquisition and support requirements have spurred interest in application of prognostic health management (PHM) concepts developed for mechanical systems to electronic systems. The approach, development, and validation of prognostics for two types of electronic equipment are discussed in this paper. The two applications, a switch-mode power supply and a GPS receiver were selected based on their relatively high failure rates and relevance to many commonly used avionics systems. The method identifies prognostic features by performing device, circuit, and system-level modeling. Device modeling with equivalent circuit and mathematical physics of failure models describe parameter degradation resulting from damage accumulation for each device. Prognostic features extracted from a small array of sensors on the power supply, and from the GPS operational communication data stream are used to update life usage and failure progression models to provide an indication of the health state. The results of accelerated failure tests on both systems are used to illustrate the approach and demonstrate its effectiveness in predicting the useful life remaining. The solutions have applicability to power supplies in many avionic systems, and to a broad class of mixed digital/analog circuitry including radar and software defined radio

关键词： Aerospace electronics Power system modeling Power supplies sensor arrays Global Positioning System Circuits Mathematical model Weapons Power system management Prognostics and health management

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A 1/2 inch 1.3 M-pixel progressive-scan IT-CCD for still and motion picture applications

A 1/2 inch 1.3 M-pixel progressive-scan IT-CCD for still and...

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IEEE International conference on solid-state Circuits (ISSCC)

作者： T. Yamada K. Hatano M. Morimoto Y. Nakashiba S. Uchiya A. Tanabe Y. Kawakami T. Nakano S. Kawai S. Suwazono H. Utsumi S. Katoh D. Syohji Y. Taniji N. Mutoh K. Orihara N. Teranishi Y. Hokari Silicon Systems Research Laboratories Japan ULSI Device Development Laboratories System Micro Division NEC Corporation Limited Kanagawa Japan

For still pictures, the sensor provides high-resolution color signals in a 15 frame/s 1050-line progressive mode. For motion pictures, it provides wide-dynamic range color signals in a 30 frame/s 525-line progressive mode. This latter mode employs a pixel-exchange-and-mix readout function that helps halve the number of scanning lines. A 5/spl times/5 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ pixel makes the 8.3/spl times/7.1 mm/sup 2/ IT-CCD the smallest yet applicable to the SXGA format. A two-phase drive horizontal CCD with phosphorus-implanted storage regions (PST-HCCD) with optimized wells so that they do not generate potential pockets under inter-electrode gaps helps reduce the driving voltage to 2.5 V. In still camera use, an overflow drain with self-adjusting potential barrier (SA-OFD) is attached to the HCCD to remove superfluous charges in the vertical CCD (VCCD) just before an exposure. A source-follower amplifier with separate p-well driver transistors with suppressed back-gate effects achieves a gain 11% higher than that obtained using a conventional amplifier. Green-sensitivity of the device is 190 mV (F8, 706 nt, 1/30 s), and the saturation signal is 400 mV (1050-line progressive mode).

关键词： Motion pictures Electrodes Laboratories Charge coupled devices Voltage Pulse amplifiers Silicon National electric code Image sensors Charge-coupled image sensors

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development of Electromagnetic Tomography System using LCR Meter

Development of Electromagnetic Tomography System using LCR M...

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IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology conference (I2MTC) - Discovering New Horizons in Instrumentation and Measurement

作者： Cui, Ziqiang Chen, Yuxiang Zou, Ping Wang, Chao Wang, Huaxiang Tianjin Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Tianjin Key Lab Proc Measurement & Control Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538622223

Electromagnetic tomography technique has been developed for monitoring the electric conductivity and/or magnetic permeability distributions in industrial applications. It offers some advantages over other tomographic modalities, including low cost, no radiation and non-invasive. Most of the electromagnetic tomography measurement systems are implemented with specifically developed circuits. Generally, it is difficult to achieve high SNR while maintaining a high dynamic measurement range. In this paper, an electromagnetic tomography system based on commercial LCR meter (or impedance analyzer) is presented. The system can achieve multi-channel mutual inductance measurements by incorporating LCR meter with a custom-built programmable analog switch array. The four terminals of the LCR meter, i.e. Hp, Lp, Hc and Lc, can be connected to any transmitter and receiver coils via the switch arrays which is controlled by an Arduino MCU. The system can send the measured data to host PC via USB, thus acquiring the mutual inductance between any pairs of the coils. In this way, the complexity and scale of electromagnetic tomography system are significantly reduced. Preliminary results show the system has the advantages of high measurement accuracy and good data repeatability. The system SNR can achieve 60 dB.

关键词： Electromagnetic tomography LCR meter impedance analyzer auto-balancing bridge Arduino

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Gadanki Active Phased Array MST Radar: Multi-channel capabilities and initial results

Gadanki Active Phased Array MST Radar: Multi-channel capabil...

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URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science conference (URSI AP-RASC)

作者： M. Durga Rao P. Kamaraj K. Jayaraj J. Kamal Kumar K. M. V. Prasad J. Raghavendra T.N. Rao A.K. Patra Kyoto University University of Tsukuba

ISBN: (纸本)9781538685518

The most powerful active phased array MST radar (AAMSTR) having 360° beam agility, modularity, multi-channel capability and built-in scalability has been realised at NARL, Gadanki, India (13.45°N, 79.18°E). Several latest technologies has been implanted in the radar development, such as placing state-of-the-art high power solid state Transmit-Receive modules (TRM) near antenna elements to minimize cable losses, complex distributed control signal system to each TRM through optical fiber, flexible antenna array configuration to support upto a maximum of 64 channels with direct digital receiver system for Spaced Antenna (SA) and Interferometry/ Imaging applications. The system has been validated for its scientific usage in a variety of experimental modes, like Doppler beam swinging (DBS) and Velocity-Azimuth-Display (VAD) modes in the troposphere. The initial results are found to be very encouraging. The multi-receiver capability has been tested with different array apertures and base lengths for interferometry and spaced antenna experiments. The improved detectability and high resolution capabilities with built-in flexibilities caters the present and future scientific requirements of the atmospheric research community. In this paper, we present the system configuration with multi-channel facility, validation of products, new capabilities and the first results obtained using the Active Phased Array MST Radar.

关键词： Radar antennas Phased arrays Radar Receiving antennas Transmitting antennas Transmission line measurements

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Sub-nanosecond avalanche transistor drivers for low impedance pulsed power applications

Sub-nanosecond avalanche transistor drivers for low impedanc...

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Pulsed Power Plasma Science

作者： L.L. Molina F.J. Zutavern A. Mar G.M. Loubriel Sandia National Laboratories USA Sandia National Laboratories

Summary form only given. Ultra compact, short pulse, high voltage and current pulsers are needed for a variety of non-linear electrical and optical applications. With a fast rise time and short pulse width, these drivers are capable of producing sub-nanosecond electrical and optical pulses by gain switching semiconductor laser diodes. Gain-switching of laser diodes requires a sub-nanosecond pulser with low output impedance (5 W or less) to generate a fast (<100 ps) optical pulse. The designed pulsers also could be used for triggering photo-conductive semiconductor switches, gating high speed optical imaging systems, and providing electrical and optical sources for fast transient sensor applications. Building on concepts from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the development of pulsers based on solid state avalanche transistors was adapted to low impedances. As each successive stage is avalanched in the circuit, the amount of overvoltage increases, increasing the switching speed and improving the turn on time of the output pulse at the last stage. The output of the pulser is coupled into the load using a parallel plate charge line. The impedance and associated discharge time of this transmission line is tailored to the impedance and pulse duration requirements of the load. With the adapted circuit modifications, we have designed and evaluated a driver pulser capable of delivering 200 V DC into a 5 W load with a 250 ps risetime and a 500 ps pulsewidth. Results from transmission line, resistive, and semiconductor laser diode test loads will be presented.

关键词： Driver circuits Impedance Optical pulses Optical sensors Diode lasers Pulse circuits High speed optical techniques Nonlinear optics Space vector pulse width modulation Optical pulse generation

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High-precision and low-latency widefield diamond quantum sensing with neuromorphic vision sensors

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Du, Zhiyuan Gupta, Madhav Xu, Feng Zhang, Kai Zhang, Jiahua Zhou, Yan Liu, Yiyao Wang, Zhenyu Wrachtrup, Jörg Wong, Ngai Li, Can Chu, Zhiqin Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China Frontier Research Institute for Physics South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China 3rd Institute of Physics Research Center SCoPE and IQST University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70569 Germany Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research Stuttgart Germany School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science Park Shatin New Territories Hong Kong

During the past decade, interest has grown significantly in developing ultrasensitive widefield diamond magnetometry for various applications, such as inspecting integrated circuits, measuring neuronal action potentials, and investigating vortex dynamics in superconductors. Despite attempts to improve the adoption of conventional frame-based sensors, including the lock-in technique, avalanche photodiode arrays, and the streaking imaging approach, achieving high temporal resolution and sensitivity simultaneously remains a key challenge. This is largely due to the transfer and processing of massive amounts of sensor data to capture the widefield fluorescence intensity changes of spin defects in diamonds. In this study, we adopt a neuromorphic vision sensor to address this issue. This sensor pre-processes the detected signals in optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) measurements for quantum sensing, employing a working principle that closely resembles the operation of the human vision system. By encoding the changes of light intensity into spikes, this approach results in a vast dynamic range, high temporal resolution, and exceptional signal-to-background ratio. After a thorough evaluation of theoretical feasibility, our experiment with an off-the-shelf event camera demonstrated a 13× improvement in temporal resolution with comparable precision of detecting ODMR resonance frequencies compared with the state-of-the-art highly specialized frame-based approach. A specialized camera system with the same mechanism has the potential to enhance these benefits further. This performance improvement is primarily attributable to orders of magnitude smaller data volumes and, thus, reduced latency. We further showcase the deployment of this technology in monitoring dynamically modulated laser heating of gold nanoparticles coated on a diamond surface, a recognizably difficult task using existing approaches. The current development provides new insights for high-precision and

关键词： Electrophysiology

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development OF A SAPPHIRE OPTICAL WALL SHEAR STRESS sensor FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE applications

DEVELOPMENT OF A SAPPHIRE OPTICAL WALL SHEAR STRESS SENSOR F...

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International conference on solid-state sensors, Actuators and Microsystems

作者： D. Mills D. Blood M. Sheplak Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479989560

This paper presents the development of the first sapphire micromachined wall shear stress sensor for high-temperature applications utilizing geometric moire optical transduction. A folded tether floating element structure is employed to extend the linear operating range of the sensor. Picosecond pulsed laser micro-machining processes are developed for patterning of mechanical structures in sapphire, and a four-channel alumina fiber array with sapphire optical fibers is used to interrogate the moire fringe. Platinum thin-film gratings and a stainless steel package enable a theoretical maximum operating temperature in excess of 800℃, and initial dynamic calibration in differential mode demonstrates a shear stress sensitivity of 76.8 μV/Pa at 1.128 kHz.

关键词： Sapphire optical shear stress skin friction microelectromechanical systems floating element harsh environment high-temperature laser micromachining

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Optical demonstration of a medical imaging system with an EMCCD-sensor array for use in a high resolution dynamic X-ray imager

Optical demonstration of a medical imaging system with an EM...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Bin Qu Ying Huang Weiyuan Wang Prateek Sharma Andrew T. Kuhls-Gilcrist Alexander N. Cartwright Albert H. Titus Daniel R. Bednarek Stephen Rudin Department of Electrical Engineering State University of New York University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Departments of Physiology and Biophysics State University of New York University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Toshiba America Medical Systems Inc. Tustin CA USA Toshiba Stroke research center State University of New York University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Departments of Electrical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering State University of New York University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Departments of Radiology Neurosurgery Physiology and Biophysics State University of New York University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Departments of Radiology Mechanical and AeroSpace Engineering Electrical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Physiology and Biophysics and Neurosurgery State University of New York University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA

Use of an extensible array of Electron Multiplying CCDs (EMCCDs) in medical x-ray imager applications was demonstrated for the first time. The large variable electronic-gain (up to 2000) and small pixel size of EMCCDs provide effective suppression of readout noise compared to signal, as well as high resolution, enabling the development of an x-ray detector with far superior performance compared to conventional x-ray image intensifiers and flat panel detectors. We are developing arrays of EMCCDs to overcome their limited field of view (FOV). In this work we report on an array of two EMCCD sensors running simultaneously at a high frame rate and optically focused on a mammogram film showing calcified ducts. The work was conducted on an optical table with a pulsed LED bar used to provide a uniform diffuse light onto the film to simulate x-ray projection images. The system can be selected to run at up to 17.5 frames per second or even higher frame rate with binning. Integration time for the sensors can be adjusted from 1 ms to 1000 ms. Twelve-bit correlated double sampling AD converters were used to digitize the images, which were acquired by a National Instruments dual-channel Camera Link PC board in real time. A user-friendly interface was programmed using LabVIEW to save and display 2K × 1K pixel matrix digital images. The demonstration tiles a 2 × 1 array to acquire increased-FOV stationary images taken at different gains and fluoroscopic-like videos recorded by scanning the mammogram simultaneously with both sensors. The results show high resolution and high dynamic range images stitched together with minimal adjustments needed. The EMCCD array design allows for expansion to an M×N array for arbitrarily larger FOV, yet with high resolution and large dynamic range maintained.

关键词： arrays X-ray imaging Image resolution Optical sensors Optical films

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High-resolution SPECT with a CdZnTe detector array and a scintillation camera

High-resolution SPECT with a CdZnTe detector array and a sci...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： M.C. Wu G.A. Kastis S.J. Balzer D.W. Wilson H.B. Barber H.H. Barrett M.W. Dae B.H. Hasegawa Department of Radiology University of California San Francisco USA Department of Radiology University of Arizona Tucson USA

The emerging significance of transgenic animal research has motivated the development of radionuclide imaging systems for mice and other small animals. In this work we compare the performance of a scintillation camera with a pinhole collimator (aperture diameter = 0.5 mm, magnification = 8-10) to that of a pixellated CdZnTe hybrid detector array with a parallel-hole collimator (pixel pitch = 0.380 mm, collimator aspect ratio = 27:1, collimator efficiency = 5 /spl times/ 10/sup -5/) for SPECT. A "mouse heart" phantom (annular cavity filled with aqueous pertechnetate simulating myocardial perfusion, OD = 5.1 mm, ID = 1.6 mm) and a miniature Carlson grid phantom (3.2 mm cold squares, 4.8 mm pitch) were imaged. Both systems produced high quality images in which objects smaller than two millimeters were resolved. The pinhole system's cone-beam geometry offers advantages, such as an easily variable field of view, and disadvantages such as increased distortion and a decreased field of view close to the pinhole. The semiconductor detector and parallel-hole collimator provide excellent spatial resolution close to the collimator with a fixed field of view of 25 /spl times/ 25 mm. We believe that both systems will find applications in small animal imaging.

关键词： sensor arrays Collimators Animals solid scintillation detectors Mice Imaging phantoms Spatial resolution High-resolution imaging Cameras Apertures

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