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European conference on Antennas and Propagation

作者： Jacob Velander Syaiful Redzwan Mohd Shah Mauricio David Perez Noor Badariah Asan Taco J. Blokhuis Robin Augustine Microwaves in Medical Engineering Group Solid State Electronics Department of Engineering Sciences Angstrom Laboratory Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Traumatology department Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht The Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781785618154;9781785618161

Microwave based biomedical sensors can monitor the changes in the dielectric parameters of materials it interacts with. In the physiological realm, there are many dynamics happening during stages such as, bedridden, medical rehabilitation and physical training. The dynamics involve the change in tissue mass and its construct, which will make variations in their dielectric properties. Thus, microwaves sensors are potential candidates in rehabilitation and can provide feedbacks on physical exercises. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this data is not yet well correlated to diseases or health conditions. To facilitate the development of biomedical microwave sensors, phantoms emulating the temporal variations in dielectric properties of human tissues during medical rehabilitation process are necessary. In this paper a leg phantom model for the development of lower extremity trauma / femur fracture rehabilitation microwave sensor is presented. The load bearing capacity of the extremity is compromised when a patient sustains femur fracture and that can affect his/her fat, muscle or bone density over time. The proposed phantom has the versatility to represent the dielectric property variations representing the time scaled tissue variations during the intermediate stages of rehabilitation. Since the microwave sensors are being developed in 1-5 GHz frequency range, the phantom is also characterized corresponding to the reported literature data in that range.

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EffiE: Efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Real-Time EMG Pattern Recognition System on Edge Devices

EffiE: Efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Real-Time ...

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International IEEE/EMBS conference on Neural Engineering, CNE

作者： Jimmy Lu Philip Liang Jin Chul Rhim Xiaorong Zhang Zhuwei Qin Lowell High School San Francisco CA School of Engineering San Francisco State University San Francisco CA

With the advancement of deep learning (DL) technologies, applying DL methods to processing surface electromyo-graphic (sEMG) signals for movement intent recognition has gained increasing interest in the research community. Compared to conventional non-DL methods commonly used for EMG pattern recognition (PR), DL algorithms have the advantage of automatically extracting sEMG features without the cumbersome manual feature engineering step and are especially effective in processing sEMG signals collected from 1-dimentional (1D) or 2D sensor arrays. However, a key challenge to the deployment of DL methods in sEMG-controlled neural-machine interface (NMI) applications (e.g., myoelectric controlled prostheses) is the high computational cost associated with DL algorithms (e.g., convolutional neural network (CNN)) since most NMI applications need to be implemented on resource-constrained embedded computer systems and have real-time requirements. In this paper, we designed and implemented EffiE - an efficient CNN for real-time EMG PR system on edge devices. The development of the EffiE system integrated several strategies including a deep transfer learning strategy to adaptively and quickly update the pre-trained CNN model based on the user's newly collected data on the edge device, and a deep learning quantization method that can dramatically reduce the memory consumption and computational load of the CNN model without sacrificing the model accuracy. The proposed EffiE system has been implemented on a Sony Spresense 6-core microcontroller board as a working prototype for real-time NMIs. The embedded NMI prototype has integrated input/output interfaces as well as efficient memory management and precise timing control schemes to achieve real-time DL-based myoelectric control of a bionic arm using hand gestures. We released all the source code at: https://***/MIC-Laboratory/EffiE

关键词： Deep learning Adaptation models Computational modeling Transfer learning Feature extraction Real-time systems Electromyography

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state-of-the-Art MCT Photodiodes for Cutting-Edge sensor applications by AIM 43

State-of-the-Art MCT Photodiodes for Cutting-Edge Sensor App...

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conference on Infrared Technology and applications XLIII

作者： Figgemeier, H. Hanna, S. Eich, D. Fries, P. Mahlein, K. -M. Wenisch, J. Schirmacher, W. Beetz, J. Breiter, R. AIM INFRAROT MODULE GmbH Theresienstr 2 D-74072 Heilbronn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781510608559;9781510608566

For about 30 years, AIM has been ranking among the leading global suppliers for high-performance MCT infrared detectors, with its portfolio spanning the photosensitivity cut-off range from the SWIR to the VLWIR and from 1st generation to 3rd generation FPA devices. To meet the market demands for SWaP-C- and IR-detectors with additional functionalities such as multicolor detection, AIM employs both LPE and MBE technology. From AIM's line of highest-performance single color detectors fabricated by LPE, we will present our latest excellent results of 5.3 mu m cut-off MWIR MCT detectors with 1024x768 pixels and a 10 mu m pixel pitch. AIM's powerful low dark current LWIR and VLWIR p-on-n device technology on LPE-grown MCT has now been extended to the MWIR spectral range. A comparison of results from n-on-p and p-on-n MWIR MCT planar photodiode arrays is presented. Operating temperatures of 160 K and higher, in conjunction with low defect density and excellent thermal sensitivity (NETD) are attained. The results achieved for LPE MWIR are compared to MBE MWIR data. For both the cost-efficient production of MWIR single color MCT detectors, as well as 3rd generation multicolor MCT detectors, AIM makes use of MBE growth of MCT on large-area GaAs substrates. The now-available AIM MWIR single color MBE MCT detectors grown on GaAs are qualified, delivered, and have reached a maturity fully meeting customers' requirements. Representing AIM's multicolor detector development, latest test results on a 640x512 pixels with a 20 mu m pitch design will be presented. The MWIR/MWIR diodes demonstrate high QE, very low color cross talk, and excellent NETD in conjunction with low defect densities.

关键词： FPA MCT SWaP HOT MULTICOLOR MWIR

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CR3DT: Camera-RADAR Fusion for 3D Detection and Tracking

CR3DT: Camera-RADAR Fusion for 3D Detection and Tracking

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IEEE/RSJ International conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Nicolas Baumann Michael Baumgartner Edoardo Ghignone Jonas Kühne Tobias Fischer Yung-Hsu Yang Marc Pollefeys Michele Magno Center for Project-Based Learning D-ITET ETH Zurich Computer Vision and Geometry Group D-INFK ETH Zurich

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

To enable self-driving vehicles accurate detection and tracking of surrounding objects is essential. While Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensors have set the benchmark for high-performance systems, the appeal of camera-only solutions lies in their cost-effectiveness. Notably, despite the prevalent use of Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) sensors in automotive systems, their potential in 3D detection and tracking has been largely disregarded due to data sparsity and measurement noise. As a recent development, the combination of RADARs and cameras is emerging as a promising solution. This paper presents Camera-RADAR 3D Detection and Tracking (CR3DT), a camera-RADAR fusion model for 3D object detection, and Multi-Object Tracking (MOT). Building upon the foundations of the state-of-the-Art (SotA) camera-only BEVDet architecture, CR3DT demonstrates substantial improvements in both detection and tracking capabilities, by incorporating the spatial and velocity information of the RADAR sensor. Experimental results demonstrate an absolute improvement in detection performance of 5.3% in mean Average Precision (mAP) and a 14.9% increase in Average Multi-Object Tracking Accuracy (AMOTA) on the nuScenes dataset when leveraging both modalities. CR3DT bridges the gap between high-performance and cost-effective perception systems in autonomous driving, by capitalizing on the ubiquitous presence of RADAR in automotive applications. The code is available at: https://***/ETH-PBL/CR3DT.

关键词： solid modeling Meteorological radar Three-dimensional displays Accuracy Radar detection Radar Object detection Radar tracking sensor systems sensors

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development of 3D diamond detectors for application in future particle physics experiments

Development of 3D diamond detectors for application in futur...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： H. Li A. Oh M. Gersabeck O. Allegre P. Parkinson O. A. De Aguiar Francisco P. Salter C. Smith N. Al-Amairi School of Natural Science University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom School of Engineering University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom

ISBN: (数字)9798350388152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388169

Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) diamond is a wide band-gap material which features high radiation hardness and low leakage current, making it suitable for building solid state detectors for high energy physics and radiotherapy dosimetry applications. 3D diamond detector is a relatively new concept that is characterised by an electrode array fabricated inside a CVD diamond plate using a femto-second laser, resulting in electrically conducting graphitic paths. This fabrication method allows for various complicated electrode structures, making it possible to design novel electrode geometries and optimise the temporal/spatial performance of 3D diamond devices. In this paper, multiple 3D diamond detector structures are modelled. Their electric fields are simulated using Sentaurus TCAD, and the signal response is simulated with Monte Carlo method using Garfield++. Utilising these simulation tools, the performance of different 3D diamond detector structures are analysed. To test the detector performance experimentally, detector prototypes with various structures are built with a femto-second laser equipped with an optical correction using Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs). The Two Photon Absorption (TPA) technique is used to generate point-like charge distributions inside 3D diamond sensor, so that the detector response can be examined with high spatial and temporal resolution.

关键词： Performance evaluation Electrodes Temperature sensors solid modeling Three-dimensional displays High energy physics Diamonds

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A MICROFLUIDIC OXYGENATOR FOR BIOLOGICAL CELL CULTURE

A MICROFLUIDIC OXYGENATOR FOR BIOLOGICAL CELL CULTURE

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2007 International solid-state sensors, Actuators and Microsystems conference (TRANSDUCERS 2007), vol.5

作者： Raymond H. W. Lam Min-Cheol Kim Todd Thorsen Hatsopoulos Microfluids Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

In this paper, we report on the development of a microfluidic platform in which dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations can be dynamically adjusted for cell culture applications. The DO concentration in culture media flowing through enclosed microchannels is regulated by the diffusion through an elastromeric interface from an overhead gas channel, using an oxygen-sensitive dye embedded in the fluid channel as a sensor. Using a microchannel network functioning as an oxygen/nitrogen mixer, the growth characteristics of murine fibroblast cells (3T3) were analyzed as a function of eight discrete DO concentrations in culture media within a single device, ranging from anaerobic (0ppm) to fully saturated (42ppm).

关键词： Microfluid Oxygenator sensor Cell

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The science, technology, and applications of Terawatt-class pulsed power drivers at Sandia National Laboratories

The science, technology, and applications of Terawatt-class ...

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IEEE Symposium Power Modulator

作者： M. K. Matzen M. G. Mazarakis J. E. Bailey M. E. Cuneo M. P. Desjarlais S. F. Glover M. C. Herrmann B. M. Jones M. D. Knudson J. J. Leckbee B. V. Oliver J. L. Porter G. A. Rochau L. X. Schneider D. B. Sinars W. A. Stygar M. A. Sweeney R. A. Vesey J. R. Woodworth Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA

There has been significant progress in the past few years in the development and application of Terawatt-class pulsed power generators. Sandia's flagship is the Z facility, which was recently refurbished to improve its energy, power (~100 TWe), reliability, and precision. We are now routinely performing one shot per day, obtaining load currents as high as 26 MA to create high magnetic fields (>; 1000 Tesla) and pressures (10s of Mbar). In a z-pinch configuration, the magnetic pressure (Lorentz Force) supersonically implodes a plasma created from a cylindrical wire array or liner, which at stagnation generates a plasma with energy densities as high as 10 MJ/cm 3 and temperatures exceeding 1 keV at 0.1% of solid density. These plasma implosions can produce over 2 MJ of x-ray energy at powers greater than 200 TW for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), radiation hydrodynamics, radiation-material interaction, Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE), and astrophysics experiments. In an alternate configuration, the large magnetic pressure is used to directly drive Isentropic Compression Experiments (ICE) to pressures greater than 6 Mbar or accelerate flyer plates to velocities as high as 45 km/s for equation of state experiments at pressures as high as 20 Mbar. This research and development is performed in collaboration with many other research groups from large laboratories and universities around the world. This paper summarizes research performed with Z and more recently with the refurbished Z facility, advances in high photon-energy radiography, derivative applications of the pulsed power program, and advances in the science of pulsed power that could revolutionize the next generation facilities.

关键词： solid modeling arrays Three dimensional displays Load modeling Physics Magnetic confinement

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development of Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors for 4D tracking

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JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 2017年第12期12卷 C12012-C12012页

作者： Staiano, A. Arcidiacono, R. Boscardin, M. Betta, G. F. Dalla Cartiglia, N. Cenna, F. Ferrero, M. Ficorella, F. Mandurrino, M. Obertino, M. Pancheri, L. Paternoster, G. Sola, V. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Sez Torino Via P Giuria 1 Turin Italy Univ Trento Dipartimento Fis Via Sommarive 14 Povo Trent Italy Fdn Bruno Kessler Ctr Mat & Microsyst Via Sommarive 18 Povo Trent Italy Univ Turin Dipartimento Fis Via P Giuria 1 Turin Italy Univ Piemonte Orientale Dipartimento Sci Farmaceut Largo Donegani 2-3 Novara Italy

In this contribution we review the progress towards the development of a novel type of silicon detectors suited for tracking with a picosecond timing resolution, the so called Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors. The goal is to create a new family of particle detectors merging excellent position and timing resolution with GHz counting capabilities, very low material budget, radiation resistance, fine granularity, low power, insensitivity to magnetic field, and affordability. We aim to achieve concurrent precisions of similar to 10 ps and similar to 10 mu m with a 50 mu m thick sensor. Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors are based on the concept of Low-Gain Avalanche Detectors, which are silicon detectors with an internal multiplication mechanism so that they generate a signal which is factor similar to 10 larger than standard silicon detectors. The basic design of UFSD consists of a thin silicon sensor with moderate internal gain and pixelated electrodes coupled to full custom VLSI chip. An overview of test beam data on time resolution and the impact on this measurement of radiation doses at the level of those expected at HL-LHC is presented. First I-V and C-V measurements on a new FBK sensor production of UFSD, 50 mu m thick, with B and Ga, activated at two diffusion temperatures, with and without C co-implantation (in Low and High concentrations), and with different effective doping concentrations in the Gain layer, are shown. Perspectives on current use of UFSD in HEP experiments (UFSD detectors have been installed in the CMS-TOTEM Precision Protons Spectrometer for the forward physics tracking, and are currently taking data) and proposed applications for a MIP timing layer in the HL-LHC upgrade are briefly discussed.

关键词： Charge transport and multiplication in solid media Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, charge transport, multiplication and induction, pulse formation, electron emission, etc) Particle tracking detectors (solid-state detectors) Radiation-hard detectors

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大型紅外線天文學相機的發展

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科仪新知 2008年第167期 30-35页

作者：王祥宇

现代的天文研究与科技的发展有着密不可分的关系，尤其是固态电子侦测器技术的成熟，使得天文研究进入一个准确定量化的时代，大幅加速了天文学的发展。藉着天文对影像品质的要求，更多更先进的大面积侦测器阵列也陆续被开发出来。本文...

现代的天文研究与科技的发展有着密不可分的关系，尤其是固态电子侦测器技术的成熟，使得天文研究进入一个准确定量化的时代，大幅加速了天文学的发展。藉着天文对影像品质的要求，更多更先进的大面积侦测器阵列也陆续被开发出来。本文将介绍台湾参与的先进红外线相机计画，以此为例介绍天文相机的特性与要求，并且说明其与一般数位相机的差异。

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Unveiling Mechanical Stress in Lithium-Metal Batteries for Flexible Electronics: A Novel Approach with Optical Techniques and Artificial Interfaces

Unveiling Mechanical Stress in Lithium-Metal Batteries for F...

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Electronic Components and Technology conference (ECTC)

作者： Mayukh Nandy Siyang Liu Todd Houghton Haiwei Wu Candace Chan Hongbin Yu Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350375985

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375992

The widespread use of electronics has created a growing demand for high-energy-density Lithium-metal batteries in recent times. This demand has significantly increased as more wearable devices are being designed for applications like soft robotics, health monitoring, and movement tracking, all of which require flexible batteries. The longevity of these batteries relies on their ability to repeatedly bend and flex without damage. One crucial concern is the internal mechanical stress on electrodes caused by lithiation. Dendrite formation during lithium plating not only heightens this stress but also raises safety issues and reduces battery capacity. One solution is to deposit an artificial solid electrolyte interphase on the current collector before lithiation, ensuring a dendrite-free Li layer. This paper introduces novel optical reliability methods using camera and laser to gauge the mechanical stress on flexible electrodes. These methods are simpler and more efficient, allowing for stress measurement using a camera instead of relying on complex systems like the multibeam optical stress sensor (MOSS). Within a transparent electrochemical cell, we use Cu-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the working electrode and a Li metal sheet as the reference. The electrolyte comprises a solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate in ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate (1.0 M LiPF6 in EC/DEC=50/50 v/v). Due to its lower Young’s modulus, PET is the chosen substrate, making it highly sensitive to stress. The in-situ observation of the bending angle during lithiation under varied charge and discharge cycles provides insights into stress development.

关键词： Electrodes Plating Optical imaging Cameras Batteries Dendrites (neurons) Optical sensors

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