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Hydrogen bonding networks for tunable organic neuromorphic transistor arrays and in-sensor computing

Matter 2025年

作者： Zhou, Tiantian Zhang, Feifan Gao, Jiandong Nie, Kaiming Li, Gen Huang, Wanxin Wang, Ruiheng Tian, Guofeng Ling, Haifeng Lin, Hongzhen Zhao, Yan Yang, Hui Xu, Jiangtao Ji, Deyang Hu, Wenping Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China School of Microelectronics Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering Aalto University Aalto00076 Finland State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing210023 China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing100029 China Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou215123 China Department of Materials Science State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices Fudan University Shanghai200438 China Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit Ministry of Education Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Intelligent Sensing Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China

Inspired by neural architectures, synaptic transistors incorporating sensing, memory, and computing functionalities within one device have garnered widespread attention. However, achieving high carrier mobility and enduring synaptic plasticity remains challenging due to the unbalanced charge trapping effect at the dielectric/semiconductor interface. Here, introducing the hydrogen bonding networks, constructed via double dielectric materials, significantly improves the interface characteristics. This approach could modulate the carrier mobility of fabricated synaptic transistors from 0.49 to 22 cm2 V−1 s−1 and increase synaptic plasticity from 67 to 10,000 s with an ultra-low energy consumption of 24 aJ per synaptic event. Moreover, we have devised an innovative linear self-attention-based spatial and channel joint attention (LSSCA) network architecture for spiking neural networks (SNNs) that exploits synaptic transistors to enhance image classification accuracy from 76% to 99%. This study provides a direct and effective strategy for engineering optically controlled synaptic transistors that demonstrate superior carrier mobility and prolonged plasticity, promising potential in low-energy, high-precision neuromorphic applications. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Precision engineering

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A universal 3D imaging sensor on a silicon photonics platform

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Rogers, Christopher Piggott, Alexander Y. Thomson, David J. Wiser, Robert F. Opris, Ion E. Fortune, Steven A. Compston, Andrew J. Gondarenko, Alexander Meng, Fanfan Chen, Xia Reed, Graham T. Nicolaescu, Remus Pointcloud Inc San FranciscoCA94107 United States Optoelectronics Research Centre University of Southampton University Road Southampton HampshireSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Opris Consulting San JoseCA95138 United States

Accurate 3D imaging is essential for machines to map and interact with the physical world[1, 2]. While numerous 3D imaging technologies exist, each addressing niche applications with varying degrees of success, none have achieved the breadth of applicability and impact that digital image sensors have achieved in the 2D imaging world[3-10]. A large-scale two-dimensional array of coherent detector pixels operating as a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system could serve as a universal 3D imaging platform. Such a system would offer high depth accuracy and immunity to interference from sunlight, as well as the ability to directly measure the velocity of moving objects[11]. However, due to difficulties in providing electrical and photonic connections to every pixel, previous systems have been restricted to fewer than 20 pixels[12-15]. Here, we demonstrate the first large-scale coherent detector array consisting of 512 (32×16) pixels, and its operation in a 3D imaging system. Leveraging recent advances in the monolithic integration of photonic and electronic circuits, a dense array of optical heterodyne detectors is combined with an integrated electronic readout architecture, enabling straightforward scaling to arbitrarily large arrays. Meanwhile, two-axis solid-state beam steering eliminates any tradeoff between field of view and range. Operating at the quantum noise limit[16, 17], our system achieves an accuracy of 3.1 mm at a distance of 75 metres using only 4 mW of light, an order of magnitude more accurate than existing solid-state systems at such ranges. Future reductions of pixel size using state-of-the-art components could yield resolutions in excess of 20 megapixels for arrays the size of a consumer camera sensor. This result paves the way for the development and proliferation of low cost, compact, and high performance 3D imaging cameras, enabling new applications from robotics and autonomous navigation to augmented reality and healthcare. Copyright © 2020, Th

关键词： Pixels

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Personal reflections on fiber optic gyros mid-1970s to the present 16

Personal reflections on fiber optic gyros mid-1970s to the p...

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conference on Fiber Optic sensors and applications XVI

作者： Udd, Eric Scheel, Ingrid Udd Columbia Gorge Res LLC 2555 NE 205th Ave Fairview OR 97024 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510626669

ISBN: (纸本)9781510626669

Since the early days of flight gyroscopes have acted as a key enabling technology for stabilization and guidance of aircraft and rockets. Mechanical gyros were the first to be used. They suffered from repeated failures and were aggressively replaced by ring laser gyros beginning in the late 1970s. Almost in parallel with the introduction of ring laser gyros, the first solid state gyros based on fiber optics began their development, at about the same time I began working on fiber sensors at McDonnell Douglas. This paper summarizes thoughts on the past, present and future of fiber optic gyros.

关键词： interferometer fiber optics gyro rotation sensor

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An Imaging Platform for Real-Time In Vitro Microscopic Imaging for Lab-on-CMOS Systems

An Imaging Platform for Real-Time In Vitro Microscopic Imagi...

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IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems conference (BioCAS)

作者： Senevirathna, Bathiya Lu, Sheung Smela, Elisabeth Abshire, Pamela Univ Maryland Dept Elect & Comp Engn College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Maryland Dept Mech Engn College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Maryland Inst Syst Res College Pk MD 20742 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509006175

CMOS-based microelectronic sensors have great potential in the development of biosensors for medical and life science applications. Validating these lab-on-CMOS systems is a challenging task due to the difficulties in obtaining simultaneous ground-truth imaging and sensor data. In this work, we report a real-time imaging platform that generates high-quality images of lab-on-CMOS systems within cell culture environments. The platform was used to validate a CMOS capacitance sensor that monitors cell viability, proliferation, and death. In vitro experiments were performed with human ovarian cancer cell lines, in which time-lapse images and capacitance recordings were acquired simultaneously over three days. The images corroborate the temporal changes in capacitance recordings as the cells proliferate, and unambiguously confirm the sensor's ability to detect single-cell binding events, track cell morphology changes, identify cell division events, and monitor cell motility.

关键词： biosensor chip lab on a chip real-time imaging CMOS sensor validation lab-on-CMOS

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Practical considerations for high-speed X-ray pixel array detectors and X-ray sensing materials

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NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT 2019年 925卷 18-23页

作者： Philipp, H. T. Tate, M. W. Shanks, K. S. Purohit, P. Gruner, S. M. Cornell Univ Lab Atom & Solid State Phys Ithaca NY 14853 USA Cornell Univ CHESS Ithaca NY 14853 USA Cornell Univ Kavli Inst Cornell Nanoscale Sci Ithaca NY 14853 USA

Advances in synchrotron light sources are creating new opportunities for scientific discovery by producing intense, low-emittance pulses of X-ray illumination. Detectors play a critical link in the experimental process because they are the tools of observation, charged with providing quantitative records of events that are the product of experiments. The capabilities of X-ray imaging detectors often limit the experimental possibilities, and dedicated development is needed to meet source capabilities. Currently, challenging demands on imaging detectors include hard X-ray imaging (e.g., > 25 keV), high-speed imaging (e.g. matching X-ray pulse rates), and high dynamic range imaging. Pixel Array Detector (PAD) development efforts at Cornell aiming to meet these demands are described, including high atomic number (high-Z) sensor materials, single bunch imaging, high-speed continuous acquisition, and high dynamic range imaging. This paper discusses detector design considerations and development efforts at Cornell.

关键词： Pixel array detector X-ray camera CMOS camera Silicon detector CdTe Germanium

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High-Q Timing and Inertial Measurement Unit Chip (TIMU) with 3D Wafer-Level Packaging 40

High-Q Timing and Inertial Measurement Unit Chip (TIMU) with...

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40th Annual IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits conference (CICC)

作者： Ayazi, Farrokh Wen, Haoran Jeong, Yaesuk Gupta, Pranav Daruwalla, Anosh Liu, Chang-Shun Georgia Inst Technol Atlanta GA 30332 USA Panason Device Solut Lab MA Marlborough MA 01752 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538693957

This paper presents a high-Q and high dynamic range timing and inertial measurement unit chip (TIME) fabricated in a 3D natio-gap DRIE process and Ay afer-levelpackaged (WEE) using a hermetic TS\ interposer. The S01 based fabrication platform enables integration of high-frequency resonator arrays with very high Qs approaching 200,000 that are acoustically decoupled from one another and exhibit no cross-talk. In-plane and out- of-plane gyroscopic resonators are dynamically tuned to form Hi-axial Coriolis gyroscopes with unprecedented sensitivitylesels. Adsanced interface circuit architectures provide for self-calibration of high-Q gyroscopes, hence reducing drift substantially. High bandwidth and high dynamic range tri-axial accelerometers with micro-gray ity resolution enable new wearable applications in osteo and cardiopulmonary health monitoring.

关键词： MEMS IMU high-Q inertial sensor resonator HARMS

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Short Course: Emerging Topics in Phased arrays and the Path to THz

Short Course: Emerging Topics in Phased Arrays and the Path ...

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IEEE International conference on solid-state Circuits (ISSCC)

作者： Ehsan Afshari

ISBN: (数字)9781538685310

ISBN: (纸本)9781538685327

The design and implementation of phased arrays at mmWave and THz frequencies has several challenges, including loss of passives, phase mismatch, limited efficiency of active devices, and the antenna implementation. In this short course, we demonstrate that as we get closer to the cut-off frequency of transistors, new approaches that combine the device physics, circuit techniques, and EM theory are needed. We will discuss several scalable phased arrays for communication and radar applications.

关键词： Tutorials Radio frequency Wireless communication Transceivers solid state circuits Quantum computing Optical transmitters Computer architecture Wireless sensor networks Training

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Stress optic modulator using thin-film PZT for LIDAR applications 18

Stress optic modulator using thin-film PZT for LIDAR applica...

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18th IEEE sensors conference

作者： Casset, F. Fowler, D. Desloges, B. Malhouitre, S. Hilt, T. Le Rhun, G. Dieppedale, C. Pollet, O. Rabaud, W. Colin, M. Univ Grenoble Alpes CEA LETI F-38000 Grenoble France

ISBN: (纸本)9781728116341

This paper presents the development of a stress optic modulator which can be implemented in an optical sensor system such as LIDAR. In LIDAR, an Optical Phased Array (OPA), consisting of several optical waveguides, can be used to steer the direction of light beams. The beam steering can be achieved using phase shifters where the delay for different optical waveguides is changed via the waveguide optical index by applying a mechanical stress using thin-film piezoelectric actuators. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation was used to design the stress optic modulator and demonstrators were built on 200 mm silicon wafers and thin-film Pb(Zr-0.52,Ti-0.48)O-3 (PZT) material. Electrical and optical measurements were performed on our stress optic modulator and show the efficiency of the PZT phase shifter as being in the range of V pi L pi = 20-26 ***, with an estimated energy dissipation of 800 nW per pi phase shift. The proposed method suggests an alternative path to low power and high frequency solid-state LIDAR optical sensor systems.

关键词： Stress optic modulator LIDAR piezoelectric PZT optical sensor system

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Scanning Network for Solving Navigation Problems of Autonomous Vehicles

Scanning Network for Solving Navigation Problems of Autonomo...

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International conference on Electrotechnical Complexes and Systems (ICOECS)

作者： Valery A. Kokovin Alexander A. Evsikov Saygid U. Uvaysov Aida S. Uvaysova Viktor I. Nefedov State University "Dubna" branch "Protvino" Protvino Moscow reg. Russia MIREA – Russian Technological University Moscow Russia

ISBN: (数字)9781728191164

ISBN: (纸本)9781728191171

The paper analyzes the increase in the intellectual capabilities of industrial Functional Networking Components due to the Industrial IoT concept being introduced into production. The intellectualization of mechatronic components, as part of the Functional Networking Components, has become a catalyst for the development of security systems in the interaction of humans and autonomous mobile transport devices, and control systems for these devices. This has led to the development of new sensor systems, wireless communication interfaces and navigation algorithms. The paper proposes a model of a scanning information and navigation system, consisting of distributed scanning cells matrix developed on FPGA. Each scanning cell has a specific area of responsibility and interacts with the nearest cells. The scanning system makes it possible to realize in real time the tasks of navigation and route planning by mobile autonomous devices. In addition, scanning information and navigation system permits to localize the movement of mobile devices and personnel. Scanning information and navigation system allows providing the necessary assistance in real time to all traffic participants in their area of responsibility in case of emergency. The development of the scanning cells computing core was based on the FPGA digital non-volatile matrix MAX 10 family of INTEL brand. While creating a communication link for scanning cell based on FPGA, Data-Strobe coding, with an LVDS signal level, showed a good result. LVDS - levels have high noise immunity and energy efficiency, which is important in an industrial environment with a high level of interference. The simulation results of control applications prototype of the scanning cell, the technical characteristics of the resources necessary for its creation are presented. Algorithms for the interaction of a scanning information and navigation system and mobile stand-alone devices are discussed.

关键词： Navigation Task analysis Production Real-time systems Automation Wireless sensor networks Field programmable gate arrays

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Machine Learning Based Routing Congestion Prediction in FPGA High-Level Synthesis 22

Machine Learning Based Routing Congestion Prediction in FPGA...

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22nd Design, Automation and Test in Europe conference and Exhibition (DATE)

作者： Zhao, Jieru Liang, Tingyuan Sinha, Sharad Zhang, Wei Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept ECE Hong Kong Peoples R China Indian Inst Technol Goa Dept CSE Farmagudi Goa India

ISBN: (纸本)9783981926323

High-level synthesis (HLS) shortens the development time of hardware designs and enables faster design space exploration at a higher abstraction level. Optimization of complex applications in HLS is challenging due to the effects of implementation issues such as routing congestion. Routing congestion estimation is absent or inaccurate in existing HLS design methods and tools. Early and accurate congestion estimation is of great benefit to guide the optimization in HLS and improve the efficiency of implementation. However, routability, a serious concern in FPGA designs, has been difficult to evaluate in HLS without analyzing post-implementation details after Place and Route. To this end, we propose a novel method to predict routing congestion in HLS using machine learning and map the expected congested regions in the design to the relevant high-level source code. This is greatly beneficial in early identification of routability oriented bottlenecks in the high-level source code without running time-consuming register-transfer level (RTL) implementation flow. Experiments demonstrate that our approach accurately estimates vertical and horizontal routing congestion with errors of 6.71% and 10.05 % respectively. By presenting Face Detection application as a case study, we show that by discovering the bottlenecks in high-level source code, routing congestion can be easily and quickly resolved compared to the efforts involved in RTL level implementation and design feedback.

关键词： Routing Measurement Feature extraction Field programmable gate arrays Optimization Estimation Tools

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