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solid-state gas sensors for breath analysis: A review

ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA 2014年 824卷 1-17页

作者： Di Natale, Corrado Paolesse, Roberto Martinelli, Eugenio Capuano, Rosamaria Univ Roma Tor Vergata Dept Elect Engn I-00133 Rome Italy Univ Roma Tor Vergata Dept Chem Sci & Technol I-00133 Rome Italy

The analysis of volatile compounds is an efficient method to appraise information about the chemical composition of liquids and solids. This principle is applied to several practical applications, such as food analysis where many important features (e. g. freshness) can be directly inferred from the analysis of volatile compounds. The same approach can also be applied to a human body where the volatile compounds, collected from the skin, the breath or in the headspace of fluids, might contain information that could be used to diagnose several kinds of diseases. In particular, breath is widely studied and many diseases can be potentially detected from breath analysis. The most fascinating property of breath analysis is the non-invasiveness of the sample collection. solid-state sensors are considered the natural complement to breath analysis, matching the non-invasiveness with typical sensor features such as low-cost, easiness of use, portability, and the integration with the information networks. sensors based breath analysis is then expected to dramatically extend the diagnostic capabilities enabling the screening of large populations for the early diagnosis of pathologies. In the last years there has been an increased attention to the development of sensors specifically aimed to this purpose. These investigations involve both specific sensors designed to detect individual compounds and non-specific sensors, operated in array configurations, aimed at clustering subjects according to their health conditions. In this paper, the recent significant applications of these sensors to breath analysis are reviewed and discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gas sensors sensor arrays Breath analysis Medical diagnosis

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development and application of a fast solid-state potentiometric CO₂-sensor in thick-film technology 28

Development and application of a fast solid-state potentiome...

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28th European conference on solid-state Transducers (EUROsensorS)

作者： Wiegaertner, Sven Kita, Jaroslaw Hagen, Gunter Schmaus, Christa Kiessig, Andre Glaser, Eckard Bolz, Armin Moos, Ralf Univ Bayreuth Dept Funct Mat POB 101251 D-95447 Bayreuth Germany Siegert Elect GmbH D-90556 Cadolzburg Germany Corsci GmbH & Co KG D-91052 Erlangen Germany

A solid-state potentiometric CO2 sensor of the type CO2, O-2, Au, Li2CO3-BaCO3 vertical bar Nasicon vertical bar Na2Ti6O13-TiO2, Au, O-2, CO2 was fully manufactured in planar thick-film technology. On the rear side of the sensor substrate an integrated heater is applied. Thus, it is possible to operate the sensor as a stand-alone device. On the one hand, based on the special meander structure of the heater, a homogeneous temperature distribution on the sensor side can be obtained. And on the other hand, it is possible to operate the sensor with the ideal working temperature of 525 degrees C. At this temperature, the sensor signal follows the theoretical considerations and responds to the Nernst equation. That way, it is possible to use the sensor in different applications, for example to detect the CO2 concentration of human breathing air or to monitor the air quality in closed rooms. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published

关键词： CO2 sensor nernstian behavior Nasicon potentiometric gas sensor

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Research on and Realization of Interactive Wireless Monitoring and Management System of Processed Grain Based on Web3D

Research on and Realization of Interactive Wireless Monitori...

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International conference on Industrial Informatics, Computing Technology, Intelligent Technology, Industrial Information Integration (ICIICII)

作者： Huiling Zhou Ke Han Xin Wei Automation School Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467383134

In order to improve fineness and visualization of processed grain storage monitoring and management process, this paper proposes and realizes an interactive monitoring system based on Web3D. With Web3D, database and user's instructions, the system can vividly achieve interactive three-dimensional virtual scene of processed grain storage monitoring, rendering scenes including the spatial location of grain and wireless sensor nodes, relevant storage and monitoring information, and wireless sensor network state information in real time dynamically. The system can also show the three-dimensional scene from multi-perspective realizing 3D visualization of monitoring process. In addition, the system provides a tool capable of combining the heat and mass transfer mathematical model of grain bulk with the actual measurement data from the backend storage to simulate the temperature and humidity field of processed grain in different colors in the three-dimensional monitoring scenario with view to help regulators accurately assess food safety status, and test the accuracy and compatibility of the heat and mass transfer mathematical model in actual storage applications. This system provides customizable 3D model library. By using the unified data interface and adding the appropriate 3D model, the user may establish environment monitoring systems applicable to storage of vegetables, fruits and medicine, etc. This new monitoring system will represent the development trend of storage monitoring system.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Monitoring solid modeling Wireless sensor networks Mathematical model Temperature measurement Wireless communication

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Modeling stateless transport protocols in ns-3

Modeling stateless transport protocols in ns-3

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Open Innovations Association (FRUCT), conference of

作者： Dmitry Ju. Chalyy P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University Yaroslavl Russia

development of transport protocols have received a great deal of attention of network research community at several past decades. One of the general directions of such an effort was to improve a congestion control mechanism of the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), which is tightly bounded with other components of the protocol responsible, for example, for robust delivery of data and loss detection. Such a solid architecture complicates innovations in this area and leads to inefficient or misleading functioning in different network settings. Last decade has shown the emergence of new communication paradigms such as cloud computing, software-defined networks, sensor networks, fog networks etc. Thus, rethinking architecture of the transport protocol can be useful to comply new demands. The standard TCP approach ties the transport connection to its endpoints however approaching network applications in new network settings may demand more flexible and transparent data transfer. For example, in cloud computing architectures, servers can dynamically power on or shutdown and such a behavior must be transparent for clients. This can be difficult or even impossible to achieve if the transport protocol's state is distributed between both sides of the connection. We consider a protocol called the Trickles [1], which is one of the first efforts to migrate all connection state to one endpoint allowing its counterpart to operate without any per-connection state. In this paper we describe the architecture of the model of such a stateless protocol and describe a framework that can be used to model such protocols in ns-3. Another contribution of the paper is an approach based on ideas of literate programming [3] to achieve reproducible results of analysis of network protocols.

关键词： Servers Sockets Transport protocols Synchronization Computer architecture Cloud computing

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development OF A SAPPHIRE OPTICAL WALL SHEAR STRESS sensor FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE applications

DEVELOPMENT OF A SAPPHIRE OPTICAL WALL SHEAR STRESS SENSOR F...

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International conference on solid-state sensors, Actuators and Microsystems

作者： D. Mills D. Blood M. Sheplak Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479989560

This paper presents the development of the first sapphire micromachined wall shear stress sensor for high-temperature applications utilizing geometric moire optical transduction. A folded tether floating element structure is employed to extend the linear operating range of the sensor. Picosecond pulsed laser micro-machining processes are developed for patterning of mechanical structures in sapphire, and a four-channel alumina fiber array with sapphire optical fibers is used to interrogate the moire fringe. Platinum thin-film gratings and a stainless steel package enable a theoretical maximum operating temperature in excess of 800℃, and initial dynamic calibration in differential mode demonstrates a shear stress sensitivity of 76.8 μV/Pa at 1.128 kHz.

关键词： Sapphire optical shear stress skin friction microelectromechanical systems floating element harsh environment high-temperature laser micromachining

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Autonomous wireless sensor with a low cost TEG for application in automobile vehicles 28

Autonomous wireless sensor with a low cost TEG for applicati...

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28th European conference on solid-state Transducers (EUROsensorS)

作者： Costa, A. Costa, D. Morgado, J. Santos, H. Ferreira, C. Inst Politecn Leiria ESTG Apartado 4163 P-2411901 Leiria Portugal INESC Coimbra P-300033 Coimbra Portugal

The present work consists in the development of an autonomous, low cost, reliable, energy scavenger sensor for automotive applications. Thermoelectric generators typically exhibit low efficiency but high reliability, making them suitable for autonomous, low average energy consumption, applications. A prototype sensor was developed for mounting in the engine exhaust pipe using a step-up voltage converter, a microcontroller, temperature and pressure sensing elements, conditioning electronics and a wireless transceiver, all powered by a low cost TEG (Peltier module TEC1-12706), through the scavenging of exhaust gases thermal energy. During the tests the prototype was able to sustain a regular signal transmission throughout the engine operation. The sensor was installed directly at the measuring point eliminating wired cables to hot and vibrating parts, thus, simplifying the installation of components and improving the reliability of the vehicle systems. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： wireless sensor thermoelectric generator energy scavenger vehicle exhaust

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Shape-controlled ZnO nanostructures for gas sensing applications 28

Shape-controlled ZnO nanostructures for gas sensing applicat...

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28th European conference on solid-state Transducers (EUROsensorS)

作者： Jonca, Justyna Ryzhikov, Andrey Kahn, Myrtil L. Fajerwerg, Katia Chaudret, Bruno Chapelle, Audrey Menini, Philippe Fau, Pierre CNRS Chim Coordinat Lab 205 Route Narbonne F-31077 Toulouse 4 France Univ Toulouse 3 UT 3 F-31062 Toulouse 9 France CNRS UPS INSA LPCNO F-31077 Toulouse 4 France CNRS LAAS F-31400 Toulouse France

In order to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of semiconducting gas sensors, we have integrated three different ZnO nanostructures as sensitive layers on silicon chips: cloudy-like nanoparticles, isotropic nanoparticles and nanorods. We have compared their response towards three gases, namely CO, C3H8, and NH3. The morphology of ZnO nanostructures significantly influences the sensors responses to the reducing gases. These results demonstrate that sensor performance can be improved using the same sensitive material and by modifying only its shape this opens the way to new arrays of selective gas sensors. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： ZnO gas sensors organometallic approach

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Optimal parameter estimation method for different types of resonant liquid sensors 28

Optimal parameter estimation method for different types of r...

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28th European conference on solid-state Transducers (EUROsensorS)

作者： Voglhuber-Brunnmaier, Thomas Heinisch, Martin Niedermayer, Alexander O. Abdallah, Ali Beigelbeck, Roman Jakoby, Bernhard Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Inst Microelect & Microsensors Altenbergerstr 69 A-4040 Linz Austria Danube Univ Krems Ctr Integrated Sensor Syst A-2700 Wiener Neustadt Austria Vienna Univ Technol Inst Sensor & Actuator Syst A-1040 Vienna Austria

The performance of a recently introduced method to estimate the resonance parameters from complex spectral data and the error propagation for viscosity and density parameters of liquids are examined. The method is known to produce excellent results when used for piezoelectric and Lorentz force actuated sensors for single port or two-port devices. The method is also suited for very low quality factors (< 10) which extends the usable measurement range of many sensor concepts, especially for fluid sensing applications. Generally valid expressions for the measurement accuracy are stated and compared to measurement results obtained with a piezoelectric tuning fork and a Lorentz force actuated and inductively read out platelet sensor. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： viscosity sensor lumped element circuit Cramer-Rao lower bound accuracy fluid loading

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development of a pH sensor with integrated reference electrode for cell culture monitoring

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1st National conference on sensors

作者： Adami, Andrea Pedrotti, Severino Collini, Cristian Lorenzelli, Leandro FBK Center for Materials and Microsystems Via Sommarive 18 Trento 38123 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781461438595

This work presents the development of a "all-solid state" integrated reference electrode based on a PVC membrane doped with lipophilic salts (tetrabutylammonium tetrabutylborate (TBA-TBB) and Potassium tetrakis (4-chlorphenyl)borate (KTClpB)) for the integration with ISFETs sensors using a Si3N4 dielectric as sensitive material. The described system is intended for the implementation of fully integrated large sensor arrays for high throughput cell assays. Electrode preparation and evaluation of potential stability to pH is described, demonstrating the suitability of the approach. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media.

关键词： pH sensors

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Combining Real Time Classifiers for Fast and Reliable Electronic Nose response analysis for Aerospace NDTs 28

Combining Real Time Classifiers for Fast and Reliable Electr...

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28th European conference on solid-state Transducers (EUROsensorS)

作者： Salvato, Maria De Vito, Saverio Massera, Ettore Buonanno, Antonio Miglietta, Mara Fattoruso, Grazia Di Francia, Girolamo Portici Res Ctr ENEA Italian New Technol Energy & Sustainable Eco Ple E Fermi 1 I-80055 Partici NA Italy

Fast response and reliability are a prerogative in non-destructive tests specifically in aerospace industry for safety and efficiency reasons. Currently, composite panels bonding, in green aircraft concept, is lacking a validated NDT technique for the bond quality. E-noses equipped with PARC algorithms appear a promising choice to acquire speedily a complete pattern response maximizing reliability. In this paper, combining real time classifiers, we show how to obtain a rapid first-hand response with the possibility of increasing accuracy awaiting for the end of the e-nose measurement cycle. A reject option is casted on the base of classifier self-perceived reliability to nullify false negatives while keeping the false positive rate at minimum. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Electronic Noses Industrial applications Aerospace Industry Hybrid sensor arrays Ion Mobility Spectrometers Surface analysis

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