We have been developing custom multi channel mixed signal readout integrated circuits (ICs) for advanced position sensitive solid-state radiation detector arrays for applications ranging from X-ray astronomy and medic...
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We have been developing custom multi channel mixed signal readout integrated circuits (ICs) for advanced position sensitive solid-state radiation detector arrays for applications ranging from X-ray astronomy and medical imaging to security and industrial inspection. Readout ICs are an integral part of position-sensitive semiconductor detectors for X-ray, gamma-ray and charged particle imaging. Different detector applications require custom IC, which is typically designed for a specific detector array. Therefore, it is important to develop generic ICs to meet a range of applications in different complementing fields. To achieve this aim NOVA has been developing generic ICs for different fields of applications, which embodies versatile and adaptable functions as well as selectable features. An overview of generic ICs developed at NOVA is presented here. Each chip described targets a complementing application field with versatile functions and features.
Ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) microsensors including a SiO2/Si3N4 pH-sensitive gate structure and a titanium/gold pseudo-electrode have been used to detect the activity of the Lactobacillus Acidophilus...
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Ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) microsensors including a SiO2/Si3N4 pH-sensitive gate structure and a titanium/gold pseudo-electrode have been used to detect the activity of the Lactobacillus Acidophilus bacterium. The first results have shown that such applications require high bacterial concentrations and, therefore, small analysis volumes. Thus, the pH-ISFETs have been adapted by fabricating micro-tanks from plexiglas or poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Bacterial detection over several minutes has been made possible by monitoring pH variations. This will allow ChemFET microsensors to be developed for bacteriological applications and for clinical analysis in particular. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
As applications of advanced solid-state radiation detector arrays proliferate across disciplines ranging from X-ray astronomy and medical imaging to security and industrial inspection, the relative scarcity of low-noi...
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As applications of advanced solid-state radiation detector arrays proliferate across disciplines ranging from X-ray astronomy and medical imaging to security and industrial inspection, the relative scarcity of low-noise, multi-channel integrated circuits (ICs) needed to read out these arrays has become increasingly apparent. In fact, readout ICs are now regarded to be an integral part of position-sensitive semiconductor detectors for X-ray and gamma-ray imaging. Because the requirements of various detector applications tend to be diverse, a custom IC is typically designed for a specific detector array. This often lengthens the time and raises the cost of system development. To help close the readout technology gap and facilitate advances in this field, NOVA has been formulating strategies for instrumenting different detectors of a given application category with the same "generic" IC which embodies common functions as well as selectable features. A brief overview of possible approaches to such generic ICs will be given. Within this context, accomplishments and ongoing efforts at NOVA in developing front-end ICs for various detector architectures and signal-processing scenarios will be described. We will especially consider the case of ICs used in conjunction with position-sensitive CZT detectors, implemented in traditional soldered lead or flip-chip connection geometries, to perform spectroscopic, energy-binning or current-mode type measurements
A high-speed, high-sensitivity sensor was developed in a standard 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS mixed-signal technology for the use in endoscopes. The full frame rate in excess of 3200 frames per second enables the imaging of tr...
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A high-speed, high-sensitivity sensor was developed in a standard 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS mixed-signal technology for the use in endoscopes. The full frame rate in excess of 3200 frames per second enables the imaging of transient events in biomedical samples. The sensor is organized as a 512/spl times/192 pixel array with additional RGB dye filters. Data are transferred from the sensor on either 4 or 8 analogue signal taps. The imager reaches a sensitivity of 130 V//spl mu/***/sup -2/ at a wavelength of 470 nm with a dynamic range of 62 dB and 50.2 dB in linear mode and charge-skimming mode, respectively. The FPN, PRNU and temporal noise were measured to be at 0.7%, 1.1% and 0.08% of the full-scale output range of the sensor. This excellent performance is exploited in the analysis of high-speed transient phenomena of human vocal cords.
This paper explores the current research being conducted at the US Army Aviation and Missile Research, development and Engineering Center (RDEC) on the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama. It discusses the benefit...
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This paper explores the current research being conducted at the US Army Aviation and Missile Research, development and Engineering Center (RDEC) on the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama. It discusses the benefits of an electronically steerable phased array (ESA), in particular as it applies to a military environment. It includes a background study into the components behind the active ESA and discusses the current level of integration of the microelectronic circuitry in the design. The purpose of the research is to explore the highest possible level of component integration for a phased array utilizing the state-of-the-art in solidstate electronics and semiconductor fabrication and packaging. The paper also discusses the future direction of the research to be conducted on the RDEC.
We outline the possible applications of newly developed single photon avalanche detectors (SPAD) operating at low voltage and fabricated in silicon planar technology, reporting on tests done with scintillators. We env...
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We outline the possible applications of newly developed single photon avalanche detectors (SPAD) operating at low voltage and fabricated in silicon planar technology, reporting on tests done with scintillators. We envisage the integration of large arrays of identical sensors, employing a common read-out mode in order to achieve a high resolution and high sensitivity solidstate photomultiplier. The applications of such a device would be many, particularly if we consider that we are also working on the production of micro-optical components, perfectly suited for the lossless coupling of these photosensors to several light sources (lasers, ordinary and scintillating fibres, scintillators, optical devices), by exploiting the promising DLI technology (deep lithography with ions). Crossed time-of-flight and amplitude measurements between SPADs and usual photomultipliers, coupled to scintillators, have allowed to compare their relative performance. Specific issues regarding the SPAD and the scintillating fibre readout are presented, also in view of possible applications in the field of particle/radiation tracking systems.
The performance of the Cassegrain Adaptive Optics (AO) system of the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope is reported. The system is based on a curvature wavefront sensor with 36 photon-counting avalanche photodiode modules and a b...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819455946
The performance of the Cassegrain Adaptive Optics (AO) system of the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope is reported. The system is based on a curvature wavefront sensor with 36 photon-counting avalanche photodiode modules and a bimorph wavefront correcting deformable mirror with 36 driving electrodes. This AO system has been in service since 2002 April for two open-use instruments, an infrared camera and spectrograph (IRCS) and a coronagraph imager with adaptive optics (CIAO). The Strehl ratio in the K-band is around 0.3 when a bright guide star is available under 0".4 seeing condition. High sensitivity of the wavefront sensor allows significant improvement in the image quality, even for faint guide stars down to R = 18 mag. The design of the new Nasmyth Adaptive Optics system with 188 control elements under construction is described. This new system with fivefold increase in the number of control elements will provide twice higher Strehl ratio of 0.7. To increase the sky coverage for this new system, a power laser system to produce an artificail guide star in the upper atmosphere is also under construction. The AO system with laser guide capability enables the coverage up to 80% of the entire sky and offers diffraction limited observation for almost any target in the sky. An all solid-state 4W laser to generate the sodium D line emission by summing the two YAG laser frequencies is under development. The generated laser beam is tranmitted through a photonic crystal fiber to the laser launching telescope attached at the backside of the secondary mirror. Expected performance of this laser guide Nasmyth AO system is shown.
A Mixed-Mode Pixel Array Detector (MMPAD) has been conceived for protein crystallography applications. The most notable feature of the detector is the combination of analog and digital approaches used in the pixel to ...
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A Mixed-Mode Pixel Array Detector (MMPAD) has been conceived for protein crystallography applications. The most notable feature of the detector is the combination of analog and digital approaches used in the pixel to ...
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A Mixed-Mode Pixel Array Detector (MMPAD) has been conceived for protein crystallography applications. The most notable feature of the detector is the combination of analog and digital approaches used in the pixel to generate very large dynamic range, low dead time, and fast readout of the types of spot intensity measurements needed in X-ray images from large macromolecules. Prototype structures for the pixel have been fabricated and evaluated and indicate that an intensity range of 10/sup 7/ to 1 can be measured with a precision of 0.25%, while still maintaining a high DQE for X-rays in the 6-18 keV range. The mixed-mode structure is compatible with a fast I/O system and allows the possibility of full-frame readout in the ms range. We present details of pixel behavior, design of support electronics, hybridization results and plans for fabrication of large arrays.
Pyroelectric infrared sensorarrays are imaging devices for infrared radiation that utilize the temperature dependence of the remanent in polarization in pyroelectric materials. We use the finite element method for th...
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Pyroelectric infrared sensorarrays are imaging devices for infrared radiation that utilize the temperature dependence of the remanent in polarization in pyroelectric materials. We use the finite element method for the calculation of the coupled thermo-electro-mechanical fields for an instance of a linear sensor array, derive the modulation transfer function from the simulation data, and compare the result to an analytical solution.
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