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IEEE International conference on solid-state Circuits (ISSCC)

作者： Tung-Chien Chen Kuanfu Chen Zhi Yang Kimberly Cockerham Wentai Liu National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan University of California Santa Cruz CA Stanford University Stanford CA

Successful proof-of-concept laboratory experiments on cortically controlled motor prostheses, brain pacemakers and hippocampal prostheses motivate continued development for neural prosthetic systems. Advances in implantable electrode arrays and miniaturized multichannel recording ICs enable long-duration, wireless and closed-loop experiments on freely moving subjects. To further improve clinically viable neural prostheses, the bulk associated with external systems must be eliminated. Thus a miniaturized processing-and-controlling system interfacing recording ICs and actuators in real time is required.

关键词： Neural prosthesis Sorting Principal component analysis Epilepsy Prosthetics sensor arrays Covariance matrix Logic gates Feature extraction Implants

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Advances in radar systems by SELEX Sistemi Integrati: Today and towards the future

Advances in radar systems by SELEX Sistemi Integrati: Today ...

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European Radar conference (EURAD)

作者： Marina Grossi Annamaria Fiorello Stefano Pagliai Microelectron. & Photonic Dept. SELEX-Sist. Integrati Rome Italy Microelectronic and Photonic Department SELEX Sistemi Integrati Rome Italy Military Primary Radar Department SELEX Sistemi Integrati Rome Italy

SELEX Sistemi Integrati is now watching toward the future to reinforce its leadership in the state of the art of radar systems. The strong position in the market has been achieved by delivering top radar performance in many fields of application and it has been based on the capability to manage the proper technology insertion in its radar systems. For each radar product the Company has identified its own key technology components and has planned its development and insertion to take the right advantage from a well established radar knowledge. The same winning approach is now followed for the next generation of SELEX-SI radar systems. In the paper it will be shown how the Company has developed technology and radar systems together in the past, how it is delivering up to date solutions now and how it is preparing the new generation of radar systems by investing again in technology. In this field the focus will be on the new multifunction/multirole radar applications and on the technological capabilities that SELEX-SI is developing by taking advantage of its Research and development facilities.

关键词： Radar applications Radar antennas sensor arrays Paper technology Phased arrays Time to market Transmission line measurements Gallium arsenide solid state circuits Field programmable gate arrays

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Time-of-flight PET detector based on multi-pixel photon counter

Time-of-flight PET detector based on multi-pixel photon coun...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Chang Lyong Kim David L. McDaniel Alexander Ganin GE Global Research Center Niskayuna NY USA GE Healthcare Systems Waukesha WI USA

Geiger-mode multi-pixel APD is recognized as the best alternative solid-state photo-sensor for vacuum PMTs in various applications. Its magnetic field immunity and high gain have made it popular in MR/PET and high-energy physics detector research. In this paper, we utilized its compactness and high gain in the design of a TOF PET detector. In typical block detectors based on PMT, the full timing capability of both the PMT and scintillator could not be achieved due to the light sharing used in the Anger logic scheme. Since the Geiger-mode APD is a solid-state based technology, we can utilize one-to-one coupling between a scintillator and the photo-sensor to utilize the best timing capability of both. Also, the high photon detection efficiency of MPPC, Geiger mode APD from Hamamatsu, would help improve timing resolution. We made a block detector based on a 4 × 4 array of 3 × 3 mm 2 MPPC coupled to a 4 × 4 array of 3 × 3 × 25 mm 3 LYSO crystals to evaluate its performance. We have achieved an average energy resolution of 9% and 314ps coincidence timing resolution with very good uniformity. This shows that the solid-state based photo-sensor can be used for TOF PET detector. During the development of the detector, we recognized that a compact and low power electronic readout scheme is one of the biggest challenges, including its cost, for MPPC or other Geiger-mode APDs to be realized as products.

关键词： Positron emission tomography Counting circuits Timing solid state circuits sensor arrays Energy resolution Radiation detectors Magnetic fields Physics Logic

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Array of X and gamma ray scintillator detector for space gamma ray telescope application

Array of X and gamma ray scintillator detector for space gam...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Claudio Labanti Martino Marisaldi Fabio Fuschino Paolo Bastia Barbara Negri Francesco Perotti Heike Soltau IASF department in Bologna Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica Italy INAF/IASF Bologna Italy Thales Alenia Space Milan Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Rome Italy IASF department INAF Milan Italy PN-Sensor München Germany Germany

The instruments on board the latest gamma observatories (INTEGRAL, AGILE, GLAST) combines technologies based either on solid state or on scintillator detector, the first one being favorite when a low energy threshold and a good energy resolution is required, the latter being more convenient for large volume when worse performance are still acceptable. With the development of new scintillator materials and even more with new low-noise ligth readout devices the differences between the two techniques are narrowing and for some application the cheaper scintillator detector can compete with solid state devices. Furthermore both these detector concepts can be combined in a single compact device by means of the Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) technique that allows to discriminate direct interactions in silicon from scintillation events. Combined in arrays they can be the base for position senstive planes to be combined with coded mask in imaging instruments or the component of new generation Compton based telescopes. For this purpose two prototype systems have been designed and realized, both based on a 20 channels Silicon Drift Detectors (SDD) monolithic array coupled to individual 1 cm thick CsI(Tl) scintillator crystals. In the first system the detector readout is implemented with ASICs tailored specifically to the SDD readout, while in the second system the PSD readout of the array is implemented. The performance of these kind of detectors tested in the various prototypes as well as their applications in new generation space telescopes are discussed.

关键词： sensor arrays Gamma ray detection Gamma ray detectors Telescopes Space technology Instruments solid state circuits solid scintillation detectors Silicon Prototypes

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High performance large infrared and visible astronomy arrays for low background applications: Instruments performance data and future developments at Raytheon

High performance large infrared and visible astronomy arrays...

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conference on Infrared Systems and Photoelectronic Technology ii

作者： Beuville, Eric Acton, David Corrales, Elizabeth Drab, John Levy, Alan Merrillb, Michael Peralta, Richard Ritchie, William Raytheon Vis Syst Goleta CA 93117 USA Natl Opt Astron Observ Tucson AZ 85719 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468086

Raytheon Vision Systems (RVS) has developed a family of high performance large format infrared detector arrays for astronomy and civil space applications. RVS offers unique off-the-shelf solutions to the astronomy community. This paper describes mega-pixel arrays, based on multiple detector materials, developed for astronomy and low-background applications. New focal plane arrays under development at RVS for the astronomy community will also be presented. Large sensor Chip Assemblies (SCAB) using various detector materials like Si:PINT, HgCdTe, InSb, and Si:As IBC, covering a detection range from visible to large wavelength infrared (LWIR) have been demonstrated with an excellent quantum efficiency and very good uniformity. These focal plane arrays have been assembled using state-of-the-art low noise, low power, readout integrated circuits (ROIC) designed at RVS. Raytheon packaging capabilities address reliability, precision alignment and flatness requirements for both ground-based and space applications. Multiple SCAs can be packaged into even larger focal planes. The VISTA telescope, for example, contains sixteen 2k X 2k infrared focal plane arrays. RVS astronomical arrays are being deployed world-wide in ground-based and space-based applications. A summary of performance data for each of these array types from instruments in operation will be presented (VIRGO Array for large format SWIR, the ORION and VISTA arrays, NEWFIRM and other solutions for MWIR spectral ranges).

关键词： infrared astronomy readouts megapixel focal plane array InSb HgCdTe Si : PIN Raytheon

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Utilizing a chronopotentiometric sensor technique for metallothionein determination in fish tissues and their host parasites

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sensorS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 2007年第1期127卷 112-119页

作者： Petrlova, Jitka Krizkova, Sona Zitka, Ondrej Hubalek, Jaromir Prusa, Richard Adam, Vojtech Wang, Joseph Beklova, Miroslava Sures, Bernd Kizek, Rene Mendel Univ Brno Dept Chem & Biochem CZ-61300 Brno Czech Republic Mendel Univ Brno Dept Anim Nutr & Forage Prod CZ-61300 Brno Czech Republic Brno Univ Technol Dept Microelect CZ-60200 Brno Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Fac Med 2 Dept Clin Biochem & Pathobiochem CZ-15006 Prague 5 Czech Republic Arizona State Univ Dept Chem & Mat Engn Tempe AZ 85287 USA Arizona State Univ Dept Chem Tempe AZ 85287 USA Univ Vet & Pharmaceut Sci Dept Vet Ecol & Environm Protect CZ-61242 Brno Czech Republic Univ Duisburg Essen D-45117 Essen Germany

Metallothionein (MT) are a class of intracellular proteins possessing cysteme-rich and heavy metal-binding properties. They can be utilized as biomarkers for the detection and assessment of heavy metals in environmental pollution. This paper addresses the development of a sensor technique suitable for the determination of MT in the tissue samples of perches and their parasites. The work suggest a heavy metal biosensor based on interaction of heavy metals (lead(H), cadmium(H), copper(ii) and silver(l)) with MT using adsorptive transfer stripping (AdTS) technique in combination with chronopotentiometric stripping analysis. The samples were investigated with various heavy metals (lead(H), cadmium(H), copper(H) and silver(l)), prior to sensor applications to understand the interaction between MT and the metals. The results obtained from this experiment clearly show that cadmium(ii) had the highest affinity for MT followed by silver(l), copper(H) and lead(H). Based on these results, we attempted to quantify MT content with respect to content of a heavy metal in the samples of interest. The highest re-evaluated concentration of MT (495 ng/g of fresh weight) was determined in samples of Acanthocephalus anguillae. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： metallothionem sensor electrochemical detection peak H perch (Perca fluviatilis) parasites Acanthocephalus lucii and Acanthocephalus anguillae heavy metals

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Fabrication and Characterization of a Hydrogen sensor Based on Palladium Nanowires

Fabrication and Characterization of a Hydrogen Sensor Based ...

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International conference on solid state sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： V. La Ferrara B. Alfano E. Massera I. Nasti G. Di Francia ENEA Research Center Località Granatello Portici Italy University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy

A hydrogen sensor based on an array of palladium nanowires has been realized starting from a silicon substrate coated with a Si 3 N 4 where an interdigitated electrode pattern has been fabricated using photolithography. Saturated palladium solution has been prepared and array of palladium nanowires has been formed applying at the electrodes a voltage signal. As grown Pd nanowires are conductive and do not exhibit any response to hydrogen. Their response can be activated after a treatment which modifies physical properties of Pd nanowires, improving their response. The array has been tested towards 4% H 2 in nitrogen carrier. We have observed that the device response, at room temperature, is quite strong and reversible so that the sensor device seems to be useful for those applications where the Lower Explosive Limit needs to be controlled.

关键词： Fabrication Hydrogen sensor phenomena and characterization Palladium Nanowires sensor arrays Electrodes Temperature sensors Silicon Lithography

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development of a New Active Personal Dosimeter for Use in Space Radiation Environments

Development of a New Active Personal Dosimeter for Use in Sp...

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IEEE conference on Aerospace

作者： Lawrence S. Pinsky Jeffrey Chancellor Physics Department University of Houston Houston TX USA

A new solid state detector, known as Medipix, developed by a consortium of academic institutions has been evolved from a technology originally created for use at the LHC at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland. This technology is being harnessed for use as an active personal dosimeter for space radiation applications. The pixel based technology embeds the entire required readout electronics for each pixel withing the pixel's 55 micron square footprint. That allows the seamless tiling of multiple arrays of detectors. Prototypes have been exposed to heavy ion beams at the HIMAC facility in Japan and at the Texas A&M cyclotron in the US. The results are very encouraging. Extensive experience is being gained in using the detectors with appropriate converters for simultaneous neutron dosimetry as well. Ultimate versions may be deployed that are both wireless and self-contained, as well as having a package size comparable to current passive personal dosimeters. Prospect are excellent for building them into spacesuits, which would provide ground-based real-time monitoring of the detailed doses being taken by crew members during such high-risk periods as EVAs. These dosimeters could also be used as active area monitors in a variety of both space and ground-based applications.

关键词： Space technology Detectors solid state circuits Large Hadron Collider Readout electronics sensor arrays Prototypes Ion beams Cyclotrons Neutrons

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2^nd and 3^rd generation thermal imagers based on type-ii superlattice photodiodes

2<SUP>nd</SUP> and 3<SUP>rd</SUP> generation thermal imagers...

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conference on Infrared and Photoelectronic Imagers and Detector Devices

作者： Rehm, Robert Walther, Martin Schmitz, Johannes Fleissner, Joachim Ziegler, Johann Cabanski, Wolfgang Breiter, Rainer Fraunhofer Inst Appl Solid State Phys Freiburg Germany AIM Infrarot Module GmbH Heilbronn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819463736

We report on the development of InAs/GaSb type-ii superlattice focal plane arrays (FPAs) for missile warning systems in airborne platforms. The FPA fabrication technology was developed on the basis of monospectral superlattices for the MWIR (3-5 mu m) spectral range. A monospectral. 288x384 MWIR camera with 24 mu m pixel pitch, a noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) better than 14 mK and a background-limited performance (BLIP) up to 92 K is demonstrated. Based on the monospectral technology, the first bispectral superlattice camera was realized. The dual color 288x384 superlattice camera features simultaneous, pixel-registered detection of both spectral channels between 3-4 mu m and 4-5 mu m with a NETD better than 30 mK and 17 m-K, respectively. Hence, spatial or temporal registration problems, which are common to most dual color and dual band infrared imagers are solved with the new bispectral MWIR missile alerting sensor.

关键词： InAs/GaSb type-ii superlattice missile warning dual-band dual-color bispectral infrared camera thermal imaging focal plane array

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Antenna-coupled microbolometers for multi-spectral infrared imaging

Antenna-coupled microbolometers for multi-spectral infrared ...

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32nd conference on Infrared Technology and applications

作者： Weling, Aniruddha S. Henning, Patrick F. Neikirk, Dean P. Han, Sangwook Foster Miller Inc 195 Bear Hill Rd Waltham MA 02451 USA Univ Texas Austin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819462624

Although the rapid development of 2-D focal plane arrays of thermal infrared (IR) detectors has led to remarkable progress in uncooled IR imaging technology, a major limitation of these sensors is the lack of true on-chip spectral discrimination. Multi-spectral detection capabilities enable rapid, efficient and multi-dimensional scene interpretation that is especially beneficial to advanced IR imaging systems for early threat warning and target recognition applications. We propose a novel design for a monolithic micromachined array of bolometric detectors capable of multi-spectral imaging in the long-wave IR (7-14 mu m) region. The central ingredient of this approach is to employ planar multi-mode antenna structures to efficiently couple incident electromagnetic radiation to a microbolometeric sensing element that is much smaller than the IR wavelength. The wavelength selectivity of such an antenna-coupled detector can be tuned by optimizing its multiple geometric parameters. We present a planar microbolometer design that can accomplish 3-color LWIR imaging with no moving parts analogous to solid-state color videography in the visible region. The proposed effort targets applications of uncooled color IR imaging where the benefits in space, power, weight and complexity will have a significant impact.

关键词： infrared imaging multi-spectral thermal detector microbolometer array FPA sensor

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