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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases III"

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image indexing using translation and scale-invariant moments and wavelets 5

Image indexing using translation and scale-invariant moments...

引用

conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Mandal, MK Panchanathan, S Aboulnasr, T Univ. of Ottawa (Canada)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

Histogram comparison is a popular technique for image indexing. Given a query image, histogram-based techniques can retrieve similar images from a database, which were acquired under similar illumination levels. However, these techniques fail when images are acquired under different illumination conditions. In this paper, we propose two novel histogram-based techniques which are robust to the changes in illumination. First, we propose to employ moments of the image histogram which are invariant to translation and scaling of image gray levels. Secondly, we propose to compare the parameters of histograms of the wavelet subbands for indexing. These parameters are modified appropriately to counter the effect of changes in illumination. The proposed techniques are computationally inexpensive and can be easily integrated within a wavelet-based image coder.

关键词： image indexing histogram legendre moments wavelets translation and scale invariance

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Digital signature of color images using amplitude modulation 5

Digital signature of color images using amplitude modulation

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Kutter, M Jordan, F Bossen, F Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (Switzerland)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

Watermarking techniques, also referred to as digital signature, sign images by introducing changes that are imperceptible to the human eye but easily recoverable by a computer program. Generally, the signature is a number which identifies the owner of the image. The locations in the image where the signature is embedded are determined by a secret key. Doing so prevents possible pirates from easily removing the signature. Furthermore, it should be possible to retrieve the signature from an altered image. Possible alternations of signed images include blurring, compression and geometrical transformations such as rotation and translation. These alterations are referred to as attacks. A new method based on amplitude modulation is presented. Single signature bits are multiply embedded by modifying pixel values in the blue channel. These modifications are either additive or subtractive, depending on the value of the bit, and proportional to the luminance. This new method has shown to be resistant to both classical attacks, such as filtering, and geometrical attacks. Moreover, the signature can be extracted without the original image.

关键词： watermarking digital signature copyright color image geometrical attack steganography

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Automated analysis and annotation of basketball video 5

Automated analysis and annotation of basketball video

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Saur, DD Tan, YP Kulkarni, SR Ramadge, J Princeton Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

Automated analysis and annotation of video sequences are important for digital video libraries, content-based video browsing and data mining projects. A successful video annotation system should provide users with useful video content summary in a reasonable processing time. Given the wide variety of video genres available today, automatically extracting meaningful video content for annotation still remains hard by using current available techniques. However, a wide range video has inherent structure such that some prior knowledge about the video content can be exploited to improve our understanding of the high-level video semantic content. In this paper, we develop tools and techniques for analyzing structured video by using the low-level information available directly from MPEG compressed video. Being able to work directly in the video compressed domain can greatly reduce the processing time and enhance storage efficiency. As a testbed, we have developed a basketball annotation system which combines the low-level information extracted from MPEG stream with the prior knowledge of basketball video structure to provide high level content analysis, annotation and browsing for events such as wide-angle and close-up views, fast breaks, steals, potential shots, number of possessions and possession times. We expect our approach can also be extended to structured video in other domains.

关键词： structured video analysis basketball video content annotation browsing indexing MPEG compressed data wide-angle and close-up camera views intra-coded block count

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Using background knowledge for picture organization and retrieval 5

Using background knowledge for picture organization and retr...

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Quintana, Y Univ. of Western Ontario (Canada)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

A picture knowledge base management system is described that is used to represent, organize and retrieve pictures from a frame knowledge base. Experiments with human test subjects were conducted to obtain further descriptions of pictures from news magazines. These descriptions were used to represent the semantic content of pictures in frame representations. A conceptual clustering algorithm is described which organizes pictures not only on the observable features, but also on implicit properties derived from the frame representations. The algorithm uses inheritance reasoning to take into account background knowledge in the clustering. The algorithm creates clusters of pictures using a group similarity function that is based on the gestalt theory of picture perception. For each cluster created, a frame is generated which describes the semantic content of pictures in the cluster. Clustering and retrieval experiments were conducted with and without background knowledge. The paper shows how the use of background knowledge and semantic similarity heuristics improves the speed, precision, and recall of queries processed. The paper concludes with a discussion of how natural language processing of can be used to assist in the development of knowledge bases and the processing of user queries.

关键词： conceptual clustering content retrieval picture knowledge bases frames inheritance reasoning

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Query by synthesized sketch in an architectural database 5

Query by synthesized sketch in an architectural database

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： BenoisPineau, J Martinez, J Briand, H IRESTE (France) IRIN/Univ. de Nantes (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

In an architectural database that is to be used by architects, urbanists, sociologists, geometers, etc., querying must be simplified. The aim of this work is to retrieve the images of a building that best fit a specified point of view. Original data are provided in DXF and TIFF formats (maps and images respectively.) A loose linking between these two types of information is obtained through textual attributes. However, the same building is photographed several times and more than a single building can appear on a picture. After determining the point of view by simple ''clicks'' on a map, we take advantage of the geometrical description of the building in order to draw its outline. Then, the images that have been textually associated with the selected building undergo a five-steps image-processing algorithm: conversion from the RGB color-space to intensity component, Nagao filtering, oriented gradient filtering, thresholding, and correlation-based hierarchical full search matching. If the building objects are not completely masked by natural ones, the ''rectangular'' shapes of frontage and side walls correspond well to the sketch and the requested images are returned to the user.

关键词： multimedia databases query by content image processing architectural application

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Texture characterization of compressed aerial images using DCT coefficients. 5

Texture characterization of compressed aerial images using D...

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Reeves, R Kubik, K Osberger, W Queensland Univ. of Technology (Australia)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

We test the performance of a texture feature constructed from the variance of the first eight AC Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients of JPEG compressed images. We break the image into sub-images, consisting of many 8*8 blocks, and then calculate the variance of each DCT coefficient across the sub-image. We evaluate the texture feature at two different image resolutions, and at three different quality factors. In our high resolution image a pixel covered a square of side 4 cm on the ground. Our low resolution image was generated by subsampling. Representative feature vectors were generated for five subjectively identified textures, by averaging a small training set. Each sub-image was then classified according to the representative feature vector closest in feature space. Compression ratio had little effect on the classification result in our study. However image resolution significantly altered the classification result. Classification correlated much more closely to a subjective classification for the low resolution image. Feature vectors also fell into much more clearly defined clusters at the lower resolution. Although more research is required across different photo-scales and sets of images, we conclude that texture features generated from compressed JPEG images have potential for content-based image retrieval based on texture.

关键词： JPEG DCT content-based retrieval texture feature image compression aerial photography

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Multi-media indexing over the web 5

Multi-media indexing over the web

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Agnew, B Faloutsos, C Wang, ZY Welch, D Xue, XG Univ. of Maryland/College Park (United States) Univ. of Maryland/College Park and U.S. Army (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

There has been work on database systems that can retrieve multimedia objects by their content. We are extending this work by using the World Wide Web as source and storage for multimedia objects much like current text search engines do for textual information. A system that can access all types of multimedia objects by their content is a formidable task and improvements are constantly being made to indexing techniques. We have taken an important first step in demonstrating the viability of this technique while laying the groundwork for a larger, more capable system. We have implemented a simple indexing scheme while concentrating on building the infrastructure to support this system. Our system can retrieve references to images on the WWW, index those images, and store those images using spatial access methods. We then use query by example to find a set of images on the WWW that resemble our query image. Due to its design, it is easy to include additional context features, to substitute different indexing schemes, and add other types of multimedia to our system like time sequences, voice and video.

关键词： multimedia image indexing spatial database content-based retrieval World Wide Web

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image categorization using NxM-grams 5

Image categorization using NxM-grams

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Soffer, A Univ. of Maryland/Baltimore County and NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

A method for categorizing images using N x M-grams is presented. The goal of categorization is to find all images from the same category as a given query image. Some example categories are hand-written documents, printed documents, floor plans, satellite images, and fingerprints. The categorization method is based on the N-gram technique that is commonly used for determining similarity of text documents. Intuitively an N x M-gram is a small pattern in an image. The hypothesis that two images that have the same recurring patterns are likely to belong to the same category is examined. The notion of N x M-grams is defined and the process of computing an image profile in terms of its N x M-grams termed an N x M-gram vector is explained. Two similarity measures to compare images based on their N x M-gram vectors are proposed. Results of an experiment on images from various categories are presented. The two similarity measures for N x M-gram vectors are compared to each other as well as to results of categorization using a method based on color distribution features. The results show that for our test images N x M-gram based methods were more successful in finding images from the same category as a given query image than color distribution based methods.

关键词： retrieval by content image categorization N-grams image similarity image databases document analysis

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An analysis of multi-level color histograms 5

An analysis of multi-level color histograms

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Ng, RT Tam, D Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

Color is one of the most recognizable elements of image content, and color histogram is the most commonly used technique for indexing colors. Faloutsos et al. propose using a 3-dimensional index to perform histogram filtering.(3) Sawhney and Hafner later generalize the filtering approach by using L-dimensional indices.(11) The main contribution of this paper is the development and analysis of multi-level color histograms. The key idea is to insert additional levels of abstracted histograms in between a low dimensional index and the original histograms. Based on a cost model we developed, our analysis shows that in most cases, the optimal 3-level and 4-level configurations, when compared with the Faloutsos configuration and the optimal Sawhney-Hafner configuration, require lower CPU and I/O costs. Experimental results indicate that the gain in total time can vary from 22% to 400%. Our analysis also shows that the overhead required by 3-level and 4-level histograms is negligible.

关键词： image databases color indexing cost analysis optimizer issues

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Distributed data collection for a database of radiological image interpretations 5

Distributed data collection for a database of radiological i...

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conference on storage and retrieval for image and video databases V

作者： Long, LR Ostchega, Y Goh, GH Thoma, GR National Library of Medicine (United States) National Ctr. for Health Statistics (United States) Century Computing (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

The National Library of Medicine, in collaboration with the National Center for Health Statistics and the National Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, has built a system for collecting radiological interpretations for a large set of x-ray images acquired as part of the data gathered in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. This system is capable of delivering across the Internet 5- and 10-megabyte x-ray images to Sun workstations equipped with X Window based 2048x2560 image displays, for the purpose of having these images interpreted for the degree of presence of particular osteoarthritic conditions in the cervical and lumbar spines. The collected interpretations can then be stored in a database at the National Library of Medicine, under control of the Illustra DBMS. This system is a client/server database application which integrates (1) distributed server processing of client requests, (2) a customized image transmission method for faster Internet data delivery, (3) distributed client workstations with high resolution displays, image processing functions and an on-line digital atlas, and (4) relational database management of the collected data.

关键词： radiographs digital xray client/server National Library of Medicine DBMS Internet DBMS

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