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Wide-area-distributed storage system for multimedia database

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1999年 3656卷 534-544页

作者： Ueno, Masahiro Kinoshita, Shigechika Kuriki, Makoto Murata, Setsuko Iwatsu, Shigetarou NTT Integrated Information & Energy Systems Lab Tokyo Japan

We have developed a wide-area-distributed storage system for multimedia databases that minimizes the possibility of simultaneous failure of multiple disks in the event of a major disaster. It features a RAID system whose member disks are spatially distributed over a wide area. Each node has a device that includes the controller of the RAID and the controller of the member disks controlled by other nodes. The devices in the node are connected to a computer using fiber optic cables and communicate using Fibre-Channel technology. Any computer at a node can utilize multiple devices connected by optical fibers as a single 'virtual disk'. The advantage of this system structure is that devices and fiber optic cables are shared by the computers. In this report, we first describe our proposed system and a prototype we used for testing. Then we discuss its performance, i.e., how the read and write throughputs are affected by data-access delay, the RAID level, and queuing.

关键词： Data storage equipment

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videobook: an experiment in characterization of video

Videobook: an experiment in characterization of video

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Proceedings 1996 International conference on image Processing, ICIP'96

作者： Iyengar, Giridharan Lippman, Andrew B. MIT Media Lab Cambridge MA United States

In this paper we present a framework for content based query and retrieval of information from large video databases. This framework enables content based retrieval of video sequences by characterizing the sequences using motion, texture and colorimetry cues. This characterization is biologically inspired and results in a compact parameter space where every segment of video is represented by an 8 dimensional vector. Searching and retrieval is done in real-time with high accuracy in this parameter space. The present version of the videoBook has 165 video sequences, each 15 seconds long at 30 frames a second representing storage of 65 Giga Bytes. The videoBook is able to search and retrieve video sequences with 92% accuracy in real-time. Experiments thus demonstrate that the characterization is capable of extracting higher level structure from raw pixel values.

关键词： image processing

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Comparison of automatic shot boundary detection algorithms

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1999年 3656卷 290-301页

作者： Lienhart, Rainer Intel Corp Santa Clara United States

various methods of automatic shot boundary detection have been proposed and claimed to perform reliably. Although the detection of edits is fundamental to any kind of video analysis since it segments a video into its basic components, the shots, only few comparative investigations on early shot boundary detection algorithms have been published. These investigations mainly concentrate on measuring the edit detection performance, however, do not consider the algorithms' ability to classify the types and to locate the boundaries of the edits correctly. This paper extends these comparative investigations. More recent algorithms designed explicitly to detect specific complex editing operations such as fades and dissolves are taken into account, and their ability to classify the types and locate the boundaries of such edits are examined. The algorithms' performance is measured in terms of hit rate, number of false hits, and miss rate for hard cuts, fades, and dissolves over a large and diverse set of video sequences. The experiments show that while hard cuts and fades can be detected reliably, dissolves are still an open research issue. The false hit rate for dissolves is usually unacceptably high, ranging from 50% up to over 400%. Moreover, all algorithms seem to fail under roughly the same conditions.

关键词： image analysis

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Multifeature image and video content-based storage and retrieval

Multifeature image and video content-based storage and retri...

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conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems

作者： Ardizzone, E LaCascia, M Univ. of Palermo (Italy)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423181

In this paper we present most recent evolution of JACOB, a system we developed for image and video content-based storage and retrieval. The system is based on two separate archives: a ''Features DB'' and a ''Raw-data DB''. When a user puts a query, a search is done in the ''Features DB'';the selected items are taken from the ''Raw-data DB'' and shown to the user. Two kinds of sessions are allowed: ''database population'' and ''database querying''. During a ''database population'' session the user inserts new data into the archive. The input data can consist of digital images or videos. videos are split into shots and for each shot one or more representative frames (r-frames) are automatically extracted. Shots and r-frames are then characterized, either in automatic or semi-automatic way, and stored in the archives. Automatic features' extraction consists of computing some low-level global features. Semi-automatic features' extraction is done by using annotation tools that perform operations that aren't currently possible with fully automatic methods. To this aim semi-automatic motion based segmentation and labeling tools have been developed. During a ''database querying'' session, queries direct or by example are allowed. Queries (direct or by example) may be iterated and variously combined to satisfy the query in the smallest number of steps. Multifeature querying is based on statistical analysis of the feature space.

关键词： databases video Feature extraction image segmentation Motion models image retrieval Zoom lenses Optical flow Computing systems image storage

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Using content models to build audio-video summaries

Using content models to build audio-video summaries

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases conference

作者： Saarela, J Merialdo, B Inst Eurecom F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

The amount of digitized video in video archives is becoming so huge that easier access and content browsing tools are desperately needed. Also, video is no longer one big piece of data but a collection of useful smaller building blocks that can be accessed and used independently from the original context of presentation. In this paper, we demonstrate a content model for audio-video sequences with the purpose of enabling the automatic generation of video summaries. The model is based on descriptors which indicate various properties and relations of audio and video segments. In practice, these descriptors could either be generated automatically by analysis methods, or produced manually (or computer-assisted) by the content provider himself. We analyze the requirements and characteristics of the different data segments with respect to the problem of summarization, and we define our model as a set of constraints which allow to produce good quality summaries.

关键词： video analysis summary segmentation audio-video synchronization presentation constraints

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Synthetic summaries of video sequences using a multiresolution based key frame selection technique in a perceptually uniform color space

Synthetic summaries of video sequences using a multiresoluti...

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IEEE International conference on image Processing (ICIP 2000)

作者： Campisi, P Neri, A Univ Roma Roma Tre Dipartimento Ingn Elettron I-00146 Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0780362985

video databases are very demanding systems as far as mass storage requirements and computational resources necessary to perform common database operations, such as browsing and retrieval, are required. These operations can be simplified both in terms of computational complexity and of processing time by performing them on an ensemble of frames, called key frames, representative of the content units (shots) in which a video can be segmented. In this contribution an adaptive key frames extraction method based on a wavelet based multiresolution analysis in a perceptually uniform color space is presented. Experimental results that show the effectiveness of the proposed technique to select key frames summarizing the video's content, are finally provided.

关键词： image segmentation

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image retrieval: Information and Rough Set Theories 11

Image Retrieval: Information and Rough Set Theories

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11th International conference on image and Signal Processing (ICISP)

作者： Garimella, Rama Murthy Gabbouj, Moncef Ahmad, Iftikhar IIIT Hyderabad Dept Signal Proc Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh India Tampere Univ Technol Dept Signal Proc FIN-33101 Tampere Finland

In this research paper, we propose novel features based on information theory for image retrieval. We propose the novel concept of "probabilistic filtering". We propose a hybrid approach for image retrieval that combines annotation approach with content based image retrieval approach. Also rough set theory is proposed as a tool for audio/video object retrieval from multi-media databases. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.v.

关键词： Hierarchical features Normalized histogram Roughset K-L divergence image retrieval

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image clustering using fuzzy graph theory

Image clustering using fuzzy graph theory

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conference on storage and retrieval for Media databases 2000

作者： Jafarkhani, H Tarokh, v AT&T Labs Res Red Bank NJ 07701 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819435902

We propose an image clustering algorithm which uses fuzzy graph theory. First, we define a fuzzy graph and the concept of connectivity for a fuzzy graph. Then, based on our definition of connectivity we propose an algorithm which finds connected subgraphs of the original fuzzy graph. Each connected subgraph can be considered as a cluster. As an application of our algorithm, we consider a database of images. We calculate a similarity measure between any pairs of images in the database and generate the corresponding fuzzy graph. Then, we find the subgraphs of the resulting fuzzy graph using our algorithm. Each subgraph corresponds to a cluster. We apply our image clustering algorithm to the key frames of news programs to find the anchorperson clusters. Simulation results show that our algorithm is successful to find most of anchorperson frames from the database.

关键词： image clustering fuzzy graph theory multimedia retrieval multimedia indexing

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Comparative study of strategies for illumination-invariant texture representations

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1999年 3656卷 653-664页

作者： Levienaise-Obadia, B. Kittler, J. Christmas, W. Univ of Surrey Guildford United Kingdom

Illumination invariance is of paramount importance to annotate video sequences stored in large videodatabases consistently. Yet, popular texture analysis methods such as multichannel filtering techniques do not yield illumination-invariant texture representations. In this paper, we assess the effectiveness of three illumination normalisation schemes for texture representations derived from Gabor filter outputs. The schemes aim at overcoming intensity scaling effects due to changes in ilumination conditions. A theoretical analysis and experimental results enable us to select one scheme as the most promising one. In this scheme, a normalising factor is derived at each pixel by combining the energy responses of different filters at that pixel. The scheme overcomes illumination variations well, while still preserving discriminatory textural information. Further statistical analysis may shed light on other interesting properties or limitations of the scheme.

关键词： image analysis

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image retrieval in multimedia databases: A survey

Image retrieval in multimedia databases: A survey

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IIH-MSP 2009 - 2009 5th International conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing

作者： Alemu, Yihun Koh, Jong-Bin Ikram, Muhammed Kim, Dong-Kyoo Department of Computer Engineering Ajou University Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537627

In the past decades the advancement in the area of database management systems shifts towards multimedia. Multimedia information is very expressive, self explanatory, narrative, etc. Now a day the development of digital media, advanced network infrastructure and the easily available consumer electronics makes the multimedia revolution to run in an alarming rate [4] Inline with the advancement of database technology that incorporates multimedia data, an open question that always rose in the technology is how to retrieve/search images in the multimedia databases. There are a huge number of research works focusing on the searching mechanisms in image databases for efficient retrieval and tried to give supplementary suggestions on the overall systems. The growing of digital medias (digital camera, digital video, digital Tv, e-book, cell phones, etc.) gave rise to the revolution of very large multimedia databases, in which the need of efficient storage, organization and retrieval of multimedia contents came into question. Among the multimedia data, this survey paper focuses on the different methods (approaches) and their evaluation techniques used by many of recent research works on image retrieval system. Many researchers develop and use lots of approaches towards image retrieval. This paper, in general, classified image retrieval into text based and content based, including the newly growing ontology based image retrieval system as one focus. We address, in this paper, the challenges, techniques and evaluation methods used in image retrieval systems through a detailed look of most recent works. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Digital storage

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