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Parsing Tv programs for identification and removal of non-story segments

Parsing TV programs for identification and removal of non-st...

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases conference

作者： McGee, T Dimitrova, N Philips Res Briarcliff Manor NY 10510 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

Abstr. video information automatically from the Tv broadcast requires reliable methods for isolating program and commercial segments out of the full broadcast material. In this paper we present the results from cut, static sequence, black frame and text detection for the purpose of isolating non-program segments. These results are evaluated by comparison to human visual inspection using over 13 hours of varied program content. Using cut rate detection alone produced a high recall with a medium precision. Text detection was performed on the commercials and the false positive segments. Adding text detection slightly lowers the recall, however, much higher precision is achieved. A new fast black frame detector algorithm is presented. Black frame detection is important for identifying the commercial boundaries. The results indicate that adding the detection of text in addition to cut rate to reduce the number of false positives appears to be a promising method. Furthermore, by adding the information about the position and size of the text and tracking it through an area should further increase the reliability.

关键词： commercial detection video segmentation video content analysis video parsing

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Comparison of automatic shot boundary detection algorithms

Comparison of automatic shot boundary detection algorithms

引用

7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases conference

作者： Lienhart, R Intel Corp Microcomp Res Labs Santa Clara CA 95052 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

various methods of automatic shot boundary detection have been proposed and claimed to perform reliably. Although the detection of edits is fundamental to any kind of video analysis since it segments a video into its basic components, the shots, only few comparative investigations on early shot boundary detection algorithms have been published. These investigations mainly concentrate on measuring the Edit detection performance, however;do not consider the algorithms' ability to classify the types and to locate the boundaries of the edits correctly. This gaper extends these comparative investigations More recent algorithms designed explicitly to detect specific complex editing operations such as fades and dissolves are taken into account and their ability to classify the types and locate the boundaries of such edits are examined. The algorithms' performance is measured in terms of hit rate, number of false hits, and miss rate for hard cuts, fades, and dissolves over a large and diverse set of video sequences. The experiments show, that while hard cuts and fades can be detected reliably, dissolves are still an open research issue The fate hit rate for dissolves is usually unacceptably high, ranging from 50% up to over 400%. Moreover;all algorithms seem to fail under roughly the same conditions.

关键词： video content analysis shot boundary detection hard cut detection fade detection dissolve detection

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Indexing and retrieval of multimedia objects at different levels of granularity

Indexing and retrieval of multimedia objects at different le...

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conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems III

作者： Faudemay, P Durand, G Seyrat, C Tondre, N Univ Paris 06 LIP6 F-75255 Paris 05 France

ISBN: (纸本)0819429880

Intelligent access to multimedia databases for "naive user" should probably be based on queries formulation by "intelligent agents". These agents should "understand" the semantics of the contents, learn user preferences and deliver to the user a subset of the source contents, while keeping the freedom of choice of the user. Such systems should interpret multimedia contents in terms of multiple audiovisual objects (from video to visual or audio object), and on actions and scenarios. In our project we have developed a method for image segmentation into semantic objects, even in the case of still images. We use this method, and user-defined collections of such objects, and to characterize stories contents. For this purpose, we also use audio information from selected parts of the video. Stories are characterized by a set of visual concepts and words, and semantic similarity between stories is evaluated based on information retrieval methods. The system learns user preferences, and incrementally builds a user profile, which is used to present relevant stories in appropriate order. This approach was used to build a mockup of a simple "plus" engine, which is presently being experimented.

关键词： multimedia indexing video analysis spatial segmentation temporal segmentation example-based retrieval

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Scene change detection and feature extraction for MPEG-4 sequences

Scene change detection and feature extraction for MPEG-4 seq...

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7th storage and retrieval for image and video databases conference

作者： Divakaran, A Ito, H Sun, HF Poon, T Mitsubishi Elect Informat Technol Amer Adv Televis Lab New Providence NJ 07974 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431273

In this paper we present a new computationally efficient and effective technique for detection of abrupt scene changes in MPEG-4/2 compressed video sequences. We combine the de image based approach of Yeo and Liu(1) with the bit allocation change based approach of Feng, Lo and Mehrpour.(2) The bit allocation based approach has the advantage of computational simplicity since it only requires entropy decoding of the sequence. Since extraction of de images from I-Frames/Objects is simple, the de image based technique of Yeo is a good alternative for comparison of I-frames/objects. For P-frames/objects however, Yeo's algorithm requires additional computation. We find that the bit allocation change based approach is prone to false detection in comparison of intra-coded objects in MPEG-4 sequences. However, if a suspected scene/object change has been located accurately in a group of consecutive frames/objects, the bit allocation based technique quickly and accurately locates the cut point therein. This motivates us to use de image based detection between successive I-Frames/Objects to identify the sub-sequences with scene/object changes, and then use bit allocation based detection to find the cut point therein. Our technique thus has only a marginally greater complexity than the completely bit allocation based technique but has greater accuracy. It is applicable to both MPEG-2 sequences and MPEG-4 multiple-object sequences. In the MPEG-4 multiple object case, we use a weighted sum of the change in each object of the frame using the area of the object as the weight.

关键词： compressed-domain video processing video segmentation MPEG-4 MPEG-2 scene change detection

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Interactive classification and indexing of still and motion pictures in videoRoadMap

Interactive classification and indexing of still and motion ...

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conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems III

作者： Park, YC Golshani, F Panchanathan, S Candan, KS Arizona State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Tempe AZ 85287 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429880

The large scale proliferation of multimedia data necessitates the use of sophisticated techniques for accessing the information based on the content. videoRoadMap is a new content-based video indexing system for retrieving video clips and images from multimedia databases. The system indexes the audio-visual information using spatio-temporal features and information modeling methods. The proposed system employs adaptive similarity measurements based on the contents of media objects, resulting in more accurate retrievals. Principal component analysis and second order statistical analysis are employed to determine the appropriate combination of weight values in similarity search. In addition, videoRoadMap includes a powerful multi-faceted querying mechanism which allows queries to be formulated and presented in a variety of modes, including query by example (image and/or video), query by sketch, and query by object motion trajectory.

关键词： content-based multimedia object retrieval subjectivity modeling audio-visual information analysis

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Managing compressed multimedia data in a memory hierarchy: Fundamental issues and basic solutions

Managing compressed multimedia data in a memory hierarchy: F...

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conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems III

作者： veijalainen, J Ojaneu, E Univ Jyvaskyla Dept Comp Sci & Informat Syst FIN-40351 Jyvaskyla Finland

ISBN: (纸本)0819429880

The purpose of the work is to discuss the fundamental issues and solutions in managing compressed and uncompressed multimedia data, especially voluminous continuous mediatypes (video, audio) and text in a memory hierarchy with four levels (main memory, magnetic disk, (optical or magnetic) on-line/near-line low-speed memory, and slow off-line memory, i.e. archive). We view the multimedia data in such a database to be generated, (compressed), and stored into the memory hierarchy (at the lowest non-archiving level), and subsequently retrieved, (decompressed), and presented. If unused, the data either travels down in the memory hierarchy or it is compressed and stored at the same level. We first discuss the general prerequisites of the memory hierarchy, like program locality and decreasing storage costs and performance of each deeper level. To discuss the issues in a greater depth a schematic four level memory hierarchy model is presented. Multimedia data poses, as compared to conventional data, three new requirements for a memory hierarchy. First, continuous multimedia data (e.g. audio and especially video) have real-time requirements for the retrieval time, not present in a conventional memory hierarchy supporting e.g. a virtual memory. Second, single multimedia objects are often very large, requiring hundreds of megabytes, even gigabytes of memory. From the memory hierarchy point of view the latter fact necessitates partial storage strategies at different levels. Third, the data is so voluminous that compression becomes an interesting alternative, because of considerable savings in storage capacity and I/O and network bandwith. Based on the real time requirements of continuous multimedia data one can set boundaries for the maximum retrieval time Tr-max Further, knowing the average retrieval speed S-i of the particular memory level i for an arbitrary object X one can determine the deepest possible (i.e. slowest) level the data can be placed on. The inequality Tr(O-j)

关键词： Multimedia video databases Data storage video compression Magnetism Data modeling image compression Optical storage Data archive systems

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Multiresolution subimage similarity matching for large image databases

Multiresolution subimage similarity matching for large image...

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storage and retrieval for image and video databases vI

作者： Leung, Kai-Sang Ng, Raymond Department of Computer Science The Univ. of British Columbia 2366 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

Many database management systems support whole-image matching. However, users may only remember certain subregions of the images. In this paper, we develop Padding and Reduction Algorithms to support subimage queries of arbitrary size based on local color information. The idea is to estimate the best-case lower bound to the dissimilarity measure between the query and the image. By making use of multiresolution representation, this lower bound becomes tighter as the scale becomes finer. Because image contents are usually pre-extracted and stored, a key issue is how to determine the number of levels used in the representation. We address this issue analytically by estimating the CPU and I/O costs, and experimentally by comparing the performance and accuracy of the outcomes of various filtering schemes. Our findings suggest that a 3-level hierarchy is preferred. We also study three strategies for searching multiple resolutions. Our studies indicate that the hybrid strategy with horizontal filtering on the coarse level and vertical filtering on remaining is the best choice when using Padding and Reduction Algorithms in the preferred 3-level multiresolution representation. The best 10 desired images can be retrieved efficiency and effectively from a collection of a thousand images in about 3.5 seconds.

关键词： Content based retrieval

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CSvD: Approximate similarity searches in high dimensional spaces using clustering and singular value decomposition

CSVD: Approximate similarity searches in high dimensional sp...

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conference on Multimedia storage and Archiving Systems III

作者： Thomasian, A Castelli, v Li, CS IBM Corp Thomas J Watson Res Ctr Yorktown Heights NY 10598 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429880

Many data-intensive applications, such as content-based retrieval of images or video from multimedia database and similarity retrieval of patterns;in data mining, require the ability the efficiently performing similarity queries. Unfortunately, the performance of nearest neighbor (NN) algorithms, the basis for similarity search, quickly deteriorates with the number of dimensions. In this paper we propose a method called Clustering with Singular value Decomposition (CSvD), combining clustering and singular value decomposition (SvD) to reduce the number of index dimensions. With CSvD, points are grouped into clusters that are more amenable to dimensionality reduction than the original dataset, Experiments with texture vectors extracted from satellite images show that CSvD achieves significantly higher dimensionality reduction than SvD alone for the satellite fraction of total variance with preserved. Conversely, for thr same compression ratio CSvD results in an increase in preserved total variance with respect to SvD (e.g,, a 70% increase fear a. 20:1 compression ratio). Then, approximate NN queries are more efficiently processed, as quantified through experimental results.

关键词： databases Earth observing sensors Satellite imaging Satellites Data compression Data mining Principal component analysis Feature extraction Multimedia video

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ARHON: A multimedia database design for image documents 9

ARHON: A multimedia database design for image documents

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9th European Signal Processing conference, EUSIPCO 1998

作者： Chandrinos, K.v. Irmnerkarr, J. Trahanias, P.E. Institute of Computer Science FORTH. P.O. Box 1385 Heraklion Crete71 110. Greece

In this paper we present the design and initial implementation of a multimedia system for historical documents. The system, currently under development at FORTH, will be used bv the vikelea Municipal Library of archives at Ileraklion, Crete. The material consist s of historical documents that need to be digitized, indexed and continuously annotated by scholars so that the value of the archive will increase by its use. We present the design architecture and initial implementation of a client- server model for the creation, maintenance and use of such a digital archive. Also, we present a technique for marking-up different media to provide rapid entering of semantic information The user can interactively markup parts of the representation 011 the medium of choice (e.g. areas 011 a document image) and associate local information with text, images, sound-clips, video or subparts of them without altering the original. The output is XML files that can be parsed by viewers to navigate through the semantic information or used by search agents to refine the accuracy of retrieval in a query. For demonstration purposes we present LmageTagger, a prototype for document image tagging. Developing in .Java allows for net-centric administration and use of a number of heterogenous databases through standard Internet browsers.

关键词： Multimedia systems

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Fast polynomial regression transform for video database

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IEEE International conference on image Processing

作者： K.J. Han A.H. Tewfik Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MN USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818688211

Important issues in multimedia information systems are the development of efficient storage layout models and effective retrieval system to manage multimedia databases. In multimedia information systems, the capability for interaction with video media type is still extremely limited due to a huge amount of video databases. We present the Fast Polynomial Regression Transform (FPRT) based metadata scheme for manipulating the large video database in the paper. This new metadata scheme provides the simplification of the query mechanism and the improvement of communication in multimedia systems. The main advantage of the proposed approach is the reduction of the data storage space while preserving much video content information. Other advantages are computational simplicity for video information coding and accuracy for video indexing. visual tools for video representation and browsing are also presented.

关键词： Polynomials Multimedia databases Multimedia systems Information retrieval video compression Management information systems Streaming media Space technology Indexing image segmentation

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