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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Unmanned/Unattended Sensors and Sensor Networks XII"

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Adaptive multi-sensor biomimetics for unsupervised submarine hunt (AMBUSH): Early results 10

Adaptive multi-sensor biomimetics for unsupervised submarine...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks X

作者： Blouin, Stephane Def R&D Canada Atlantic Res Ctr Dartmouth NS Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781628413113

Underwater surveillance is inherently difficult because acoustic wave propagation and transmission arc limited and unpredictable when targets and sensors move around in the communication-opaque undersea environment. Today's Navy underwater sensors enable the collechon of a massive amount of data, often analyzed offline. The Navy of tomorrow will dominate by making sense of that data in real-time, DRDCS AMBUSH project proposes a new undersea surveillance network paradigm that will enable such a real-time operation, Nature abounds with examples of collaborative tasks taking place despite limited communication and computational capabilities. This publication describes a year's worth of research efforts finding inspiration in Nature's collaborative tasks such as wolves hunting in packs. This project proposes the utilization of a he network combining both static and mobile network nodes. The military objective is to enable an unsupervised surveillance capability while maximizing target localization performance and endurance. The scientific objective is to develop the necessary technology to acoustically and passively localize a noise-source of interest in shallow waters, The project fulfills these objectives via distributed computing and adaptation to charging undersea conditions. Specific research interests discussed here relate to approaches for performing: (a) network self-discovery, (b) network connectivity self assessment, (c) opportunistic network routing, (d) distributed data-aggregation, and (c) simulation of underwater acoustic propagation, We present early results then followed by a discussion about future work.

关键词： Underwater surveillance sensor network distributed computing. adaptation

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Aerial Networking Communication solutions using Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) 10

Aerial Networking Communication solutions using Micro Air Ve...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks X

作者： Balasubramanian, Shyam de Graaf, Maurits Hoekstra, Gerard Corporaal, Henk Wijtvliet, Mark Linde, Javier Cuadros Thales Nederland BV Bestevaer 46 NL-1271 ZA Huizen Netherlands Techn Univ Eindhoven NL-5612 AZ Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781628413113

The application of a Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) for wireless networking is slowly gaining significance in the field of network robotics. Aerial transport of data requires efficient network protocols along with accurate positional adjustment of the MAV to minimize transaction times. In our proof of concept, we develop an Aerial networking protocol for data transfer using the technology of Disruption Tolerant networks (DTN), a store-and-forward approach for environments that deals with disrupted connectivity. Our results show that close interaction between networking and flight behavior helps in efficient data exchange. Potential applications are in areas where network infrastructure is minimal or unavailable and distances may be large. For example, forwarding video recordings during search and rescue, agriculture, swarm communication, among several others. A practical implementation and validation, as described in this paper, presents the complex dynamics of wireless environments and poses new challenges that are not addressed in earlier work on this topic. Several tests are evaluated in a practical setup to display the networking MAV behavior during such an operation.

关键词： Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) Mobile Ad-Hoc networks (MANET) Micro-Aerial Vehicles (MAV) aerial vehicle or multirotor

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Channel Modelling for Free-Space Optical Inter-HAP Links Using Adaptive ARQ Transmission 10

Channel Modelling for Free-Space Optical Inter-HAP Links Usi...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks X

作者： Parthasarathy, S. Giggenbach, D. Kirstaedter, A. German Aerosp Ctr DLR Inst Commun & Nav D-82234 Wessling Germany Univ Stuttgart Inst Commun Networks & Comp Engn D-70569 Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781628413113

Free-space optical (FSO) communication systems have seen significant developments in recent years due to growing need for very high data rates and tap-proof communication. The operation of an FSO link is suited to diverse variety of applications such as satellites, High Altitude Platforms (HAPs), unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), aircrafts, ground stations and other areas involving both civil and military situations. FSO communication systems face challenges due to different effects of the atmospheric channel. FSO channel primarily suffers from scintillation effects due to Index of Refraction Turbulence (IRT). In addition, acquisition and pointing becomes more difficult because of the high directivity of the transmitted beam: Miss-pointing of the transmitted beam and tracking errors at the receiver generate additional fading of the optical signal. High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) are quasi-stationary vehicles operating in the stratosphere. The slowly varying but precisely determined time-of-flight of the Inter-HAP channel adds to its characteristics. To propose a suitable ARQ scheme, proper theoretical understanding of the optical atmospheric propagation and modeling of a specific scenario FSO channel is required. In this paper, a bi-directional symmetrical Inter-HAP link has been selected and modeled. The Inter-HAP channel model is then investigated via simulations in terms of optical scintillation induced by IRT and in presence of pointing error. The performance characteristic of the model is then quantified in terms of fading statistics from which the Packet Error Probability (PEP) is calculated. Based on the PEP characteristics, we propose suitable ARQ schemes.

关键词： FSO Index of Refraction Turbulence Scintillation Pointing Error Bit Error Probability Packet Error Probability Transmission Efficiency Error Detection and Correction

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An Object-Oriented Modeling and Simulation Framework for Bearings-Only Multi-Target Tracking using an unattended Acoustic sensor Network

An Object-Oriented Modeling and Simulation Framework for Bea...

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conference on Emerging Technologies in Security and Defence;and Quantum Security II;and unmanned sensor Systems X

作者： Aslan, Murat Samil Tubitak Bilgem Iltaren Adv Technol Res Inst TR-06800 Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9780819497680

Tracking ground targets using low cost ground-based sensors is a challenging field because of the limited capabilities of such sensors. Among the several candidates, including seismic and magnetic sensors, the acoustic sensors based on microphone arrays have a potential of being useful: They can provide a direction to the sound source, they can have a relatively better range, and the sound characteristics can provide a basis for target classification. However, there are still many problems. One of them is the difficulty to resolve multiple sound sources, another is that they do not provide distance, a third is the presence of background noise from wind, sea, rain, distant air and land traffic, people, etc., and a fourth is that the same target can sound very differently depending on factors like terrain type, topography, speed, gear, distance, etc. Use of sophisticated signal processing and data fusion algorithms is the key for compensating (to an extend) the limited capabilities and mentioned problems of these sensors. It is hard, if not impossible, to evaluate the performance of such complex algorithms analytically. For an effective evaluation, before performing expensive field trials, well-designed laboratory experiments and computer simulations are necessary. Along this line, in this paper, we present an object-oriented modeling and simulation framework which can be used to generate simulated data for the data fusion algorithms for tracking multiple on-road targets in an unattended acoustic sensor network. Each sensor node in the network is a circular microphone array which produces the direction of arrival (DOA) (or bearing) measurements of the targets and sends this information to a fusion center. We present the models for road networks, targets (motion and acoustic power) and acoustic sensors in an object-oriented fashion where different and possibly time-varying sampling periods for each sensor node is possible. Moreover, the sensor's signal processing and d

关键词： Ground target tracking acoustic sensor network bearings-only multiple target tracking road network modeling receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve unattended ground sensor (UGS) network direction of arrival (DOA) estimation object-oriented programming

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Modelling systems of weakly characterised sensors

Modelling systems of weakly characterised sensors

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks IX

作者： Willis, Chris J. BAE SYST Adv Technol Ctr Chelmsford CM2 8HN Essex England

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492814

The modelling of the Automatic Target Detection, Recognition and Identification performance in systems of multiple sensors and/or platforms is important in several respects. For example, in the selection of sensors or sensor combinations of sufficient performance to achieve operational requirements or;for understanding how the system might be best exploited. To this end a simulation framework has been developed examining sensor options across different sensor types, parameterisations, search strategies, and applications. It uses Bayesian Decision Theoretic principles, along with simple sensor models and Monte-Carlo simulation, to derive the expected performance of single deployed sensors and of sensor combinations. The basic framework has been significantly extended to include recognition and identification problems along with the detection problem for which it was originally designed. The framework has also been expanded to treat cases in which the sensors are poorly characterised, and recommendations for parameterisation in this mode are made. The sensor system modelling framework has been applied to a number of illustrative problems. These range from simple target detection problems using sensors of differing performance or of different regional search schemes, through to examinations of: the number of measurements required to reach threshold performance;the effects of sensor measurement cost;issues relating to the poor characterisation of sensors within the system, and;the performance of a more elaborate combined detection and recognition sensor system. Generally, these results tend to show that the method is able to quantify qualitative expectations of performance, and is sufficiently powerful to highlight some unexpected aspects of operation.

关键词： performance modelling surveillance/reconnaissance ISTAR target detection/recognition/identification sensor management sensor system Monte-Carlo simulation weak characterisation

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An Open Communication and sensor Platform for Urban Search and Rescue Operations

An Open Communication and Sensor Platform for Urban Search a...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks IX

作者： Korkalainen, Marko Mayra, Aki P. Kansala, Klaus VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland Oulu 90571 Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492814

In this paper, we present research results carried out in EU funded project SGL for USaR (Second Generation Locator for Urban Search and Rescue Operations). The project aims to develop wireless standalone communication system with embedded sensor network, which is targeted to detect signs of life, locate victims in disaster areas and detect hazards. The system consists of REDS (Remote Early Detection System) wireless sensor network and FIRST portable first responder device integrating 5 different victim location methods. REDS has wireless CO and CO2 sensors, a camera, vibration sensors and a sound sensor for detection of life signs. The system provides also a pointing device to locate objects on the search area. Victim positioning is possible with GPS and radio based time of flight methods. Portable and user operated FIRST device combines field chemical, audio and video measurements for early location of entrapped people, detection of buried people, air quality monitoring in confined spaces and safety and security monitoring. The system level communication is divided in two levels: sensor network level uses short range local communication and communication hubs, which use long range high level communication with operation command centre. During the project, implemented REDS sensor network and FIRST device have been tested on a field conditions and they have proven to be robust and reliable.

关键词： USaR operations wireless communication radio based positioning multi-sensor devices hazard detection first responders

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Free-space optical communication at 1.55 μm and 4.85 μm and turbulence measurements in the evaporation layer

Free-space optical communication at 1.55 μm and 4.85 μm an...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks IX

作者： Zeller, John Manzur, Tariq USN Undersea Warfare Ctr NUWC Newport RI 02841 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492814

Free-space optics (FSO) holds the potential for high bandwidth communication in situations where landline communication is not practical, with relatively low cost and maintenance. The short-wave infrared (SWIR) and mid-wave infrared (MWIR) bands contain atmospheric transmission windows spanning approximately 1.50-1.75 mu m and 4.6-4.9 mu m, respectively. Transmission coefficients and losses were modeled using MODTRAN for optical path lengths of up to 2 km to for various atmospheric conditions. The determination of the refractive index structure parameter C-n(2) is useful in calculating the time-dependent Fried parameter, r(0), which provides an indication of the magnitude of the phase distortion of an optical wavefront by scintillation in accordance with the Kalomogorov model. By better understanding the effects of turbulence and C-n(2) on FSO transmission through modeling and experimental measurements, measures can be implemented to reduce the bit error rate and increase data throughput, enabling more efficient and accurate communication links. FSO beam optimization is achievable using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, whereby wavefront distortion of a transmitted beam is measured to compensate in real time for the effects of turbulence to provide optimized FSO reception. Using advanced techniques and compensation methods, limitations associated with infrared FSO transmission and reception in the evaporation layer may be overcome or circumvented to provide high bandwidth communication through turbulence and/or adverse weather conditions.

关键词： Free-space optics evaporation layer communication networks MODTRAN quantum cascade lasers

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Land cover/use mapping using multi-band imageries captured by Cropcam unmanned Aerial Vehicle Autopilot(UAV) over Penang Island, Malaysia

Land cover/use mapping using multi-band imageries captured b...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks IX

作者： Fuyi, Tan Chun, Beh Boon Jafri, Mohd Zubir Mat San, Lim Hwee Abdullah, Khiruddin Tahrin, Norhaslinda Mohammad Univ Sains Malaysia Sch Phys George Town 11800 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492814

The problem of difficulty in obtaining cloud-free scene at the Equatorial region from satellite platforms can be overcome by using airborne imagery. Airborne digital imagery has proved to be an effective tool for land cover studies. Airborne digital camera imageries were selected in this present study because of the airborne digital image provides higher spatial resolution data for mapping a small study area. The main objective of this study is to classify the RGB bands imageries taken from a low-altitude Cropcam UAV for land cover/use mapping over USM campus, penang Island, Malaysia. A conventional digital camera was used to capture images from an elevation of 320 meter on board on an UAV autopilot. This technique was cheaper and economical compared with other airborne studies. The artificial neural network (NN) and maximum likelihood classifier (MLC) were used to classify the digital imageries captured by using Cropcam UAV over USM campus, Penang Islands, Malaysia. The supervised classifier was chosen based on the highest overall accuracy (>80%) and Kappa statistic (>0.8). The classified land cover map was geometrically corrected to provide a geocoded map. The results produced by this study indicated that land cover features could be clearly identified and classified into a land cover map. This study indicates the use of a conventional digital camera as a sensor on board on an UAV autopilot can provide useful information for planning and development of a small area of coverage.

关键词： UAV classification Cropcam

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Autonomous UAV Persistent Surveillance Using Bio-Inspired Strategies

Autonomous UAV Persistent Surveillance Using Bio-Inspired St...

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conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration and Networking for Persistent ISR III

作者： Burman, Jerry Hespanha, Joao Madhow, Upamanyu Isaacs, Jason Venkateswaran, Sriram Tien Pham Teledyne Sci Co 1049 Camino Dos Rios Thousand Oaks CA 91360 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819490674

A team consisting of Teledyne Scientific Company, the University of California at Santa Barbara, the Army Research Laboratory, the Engineer Research and Development Center, and IBM UK is developing technologies in support of automated data exfiltration from heterogeneous battlefield sensor networks to enhance situational awareness for dismounts and command echelons. unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) provide an effective means to autonomously collect data from a sparse network of unattended ground sensors (UGSs) that cannot communicate with each other. UAVs are used to reduce the system reaction time by generating autonomous collection routes that are data-driven. Bio-inspired techniques for autonomous search provide a novel strategy to detect, capture and fuse data from heterogeneous sensor networks. The bio-inspired algorithm is based on chemotaxis or the motion of bacteria seeking nutrients in their environment. Field tests of a bio-inspired system that routed UAVs were conducted in June 2011 at Camp Roberts, CA. The field test results showed that such a system can autonomously detect and locate the source of terrestrial events with very high accuracy and visually verify the event. In June 2011, field tests of the system were completed and include the use of multiple autonomously controlled UAVs, detection and disambiguation of multiple acoustic events occurring in short time frames, optimal sensor placement based on local phenomenology and the use of the International Technology Alliance (ITA) sensor Network Fabric. The system demonstrated TRL 6 performance in the field at Camp Roberts.

关键词： unattended Ground sensor unmanned Air Vehicle Data Exfiltration Autonomous Operations Bio-Inspired Algorithms Chemotaxis Likelihood Function Data Fusion Route Planning Source Localization Acoustic Event Classification sensor Network Fabric optimal sensor placement and acoustic phenomenology

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Managing heterogeneous networks of mobile and stationary sensors

Managing heterogeneous networks of mobile and stationary sen...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks VIII

作者： Buerkle, Axel Solbrig, Peter Segor, Florian Bulatov, Dimitri Wernerus, Peter Mueller, Sven Fraunhofer IOSB Fraunhoferstr 1 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany Fraunhofer IOSB D-76275 Ettlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488121

Protecting critical infrastructure against intrusion, sabotage or vandalism is a task that requires a comprehensive situation picture. Modern security systems should provide a total solution including sensors, software, hardware, and a "control unit" to ensure complete security. Incorporating unmanned mobile sensors can significantly help to close information gaps and gain an ad hoc picture of areas where no pre-installed supervision infrastructure is available or damaged after an incident. Fraunhofer IOSB has developed the generic ground control station AMFIS which is capable of managing sensor data acquisition with all kinds of unattended stationary sensors, mobile ad hoc sensor networks, and mobile sensor platforms. The system is highly mobile and able to control various mobile platforms such as small UAVs (unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and UGVs (unmanned Ground Vehicles). In order to establish a real-time situation picture, also an image exploitation process is used. In this process, video frames from different sources (mainly from small UAVs) are georeferenced by means of a system of image registration methods. Relevant information can be obtained by a motion detection module. Thus, the image exploitation process can accelerate the situation assessment significantly.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicles swarms ground control station georeferencing

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