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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Unmanned/Unattended Sensors and Sensor Networks XII"

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Towards the development of tamper-resistant, ground-based mobile sensor nodes

Towards the development of tamper-resistant, ground-based mo...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks VIII

作者： Mascarenas, David Stull, Christopher Farrar, Charles Los Alamos Natl Lab Los Alamos NM 87545 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488121

Mobile sensor nodes hold great potential for collecting field data using fewer resources than human operators would require and potentially requiring fewer sensors than a fixed-position sensor array. It would be very beneficial to allow these mobile sensor nodes to operate unattended with a minimum of human intervention. In order to allow mobile sensor nodes to operate unattended in a field environment, it is imperative that they be capable of identifying and responding to external agents that may attempt to tamper with, damage or steal the mobile sensor nodes, while still performing their data collection mission. Potentially hostile external agents could include animals, other mobile sensor nodes, or humans. This work will focus on developing control policies to help enable a mobile sensor node to identify and avoid capture by a hostile un-mounted human. The work is developed in a simulation environment, and demonstrated using a non-holonomic, ground-based mobile sensor node. This work will be a preliminary step toward ensuring the cyber-physical security of ground-based mobile sensor nodes that operate unattended in potentially unfriendly environments.

关键词： mobile sensor nodes ground robot anti-tamper anti-theft cyber-physical security robotics unmanned systems

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EO/IR sensor Development using Nanostructures for unattended Ground sensor Applications

EO/IR Sensor Development using Nanostructures for Unattended...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks VIII

作者： Sood, Ashok K. Zeller, John W. Puri, Yash R. Manzur, Tariq Dhar, Nibir K. Rivera, Abdiel Anwar, A. F. M. Fernandes, Gustavo Xu, J. M. (Jimmy) Magnolia Opt Technol Inc 52-B Cummings Pk Woburn MA 01801 USA Naval Underwater Warfare Ctr Newport RI 02841 USA DARPA MTO Arlington VA 22203 USA Univ Connecticut Dept Elect Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA Brock Univ Dept Engn St Catharines ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488121

Next Generation EO/IR focal plane arrays using nanostructure materials are being developed for a variety of Defense Applications including unattended Ground sensor Applications. Several different nanomaterials are being evaluated for these applications. These include ZnO nanowires that have demonstrated large signal to noise ratio as a wide band gap nanostructure material in the UV band. Similarly, the work is under way using Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) for a high speed detector and focal plane array as bolometer for IR bands of interest, which can be implemented for the unattended ground sensor applications. In this paper, we will discuss the sensor design and model predicting performance of an EO/IR focal plane array that can cover the UV to IR bands of interest. The model can provide a robust means for comparing performance of the EO/IR FPA's and sensors that can operate in the UV, Visible-NIR (0.4-1.8 mu m), SWIR (2.0-2.5 mu m), MWIR (3-5 mu m), and LWIR bands (8-14 mu m). This sensor model can be used as a tool for predicting performance of nanostructure arrays under development. We will also discuss our results on growth and characterization of ZnO/MgZnO nanowires and CNT's for the next generation sensor applications.

关键词： sensors Zinc oxide Signal to noise ratio Ultraviolet radiation Nanowires Nanostructures unattended ground sensors Dye sensitized solar cells Interference (communication) Solar energy

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A Versatile sensor Network for Urban Search and Rescue operations

A Versatile Sensor Network for Urban Search and Rescue opera...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks VIII

作者： Kansala, Klaus Korkalainen, Marko Mayra, Aki Tech Res Ctr Finland VTT Oulu 90571 Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488121

The presentation is based in the research work carried out in EU funded project SGL for USaR (Second Generation Locator for Urban Search and Rescue Operations). The aim of this project is to develop wireless standalone communication system with embedded sensor network which can be globally used in rescue operations after accidents or terrorist attacks. The system should be able to operate without external support for several days: it should have autonomy with power supply and communication. The devices must be lightweight so that rescue team can easily carry them and finally they must be easy to install and use. The range of the wireless communication must cover an area of several square kilometers. The embedded sensor system must be able to detect sings of life but also detect hazards threatening the rescue operators thus preventing more accidents. It should also support positioning and digital mapping as well as the management of the search and rescue operation. This sensor network for urban search and rescue operations has been tested on a field conditions and it has proven to be robust and reliable and provides an energy efficient way of communication and positioning on harsh conditions.

关键词： multi-sensor device radio based positioning wireless communication hazard detection USaR operations natural of man-made disasters

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Firestorm™ - A Collaborative Network Suite Application for Rapid sensor Data Processing & Precise Decisive Responses

Firestorm™ - A Collaborative Network Suite Application for ...

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conference on unattended Ground, Sea, and Air sensor Technologies and Applications xiiI

作者： Kaniyantethu, Shaji ARDEC Picatinny Arsenal NJ 07806 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486202

This paper discusses the many features and composed technologies in Firestorm (TM) - a Distributed Collaborative Fires and Effects software. Modern response management systems capitalize on the capabilities of a plethora of sensors and its output for situational awareness. Firestorm utilizes a unique networked lethality approach by integrating unmanned air and ground vehicles to provide target handoff and sharing of data between humans and sensors. The system employs Bayesian networks for track management of sensor data, and distributed auction algorithms for allocating targets and delivering the right effect without information overload to the Warfighter. Firestorm Networked Effects Component provides joint weapon-target pairing, attack guidance, target selection standards, and other fires and effects components. Moreover, the open and modular architecture allows for easy integration with new data sources. Versatility and adaptability of the application enable it to devise and dispense a suitable response to a wide variety of scenarios. Recently, this application was used for detecting and countering a vehicle intruder with the help of radio frequency spotter sensor, command driven cameras, remote weapon system, portable vehicle arresting barrier, and an unmanned aerial vehicle - which confirmed the presence of the intruder, as well as provided lethal/non-lethal response and battle damage assessment. The completed demonstrations have proved Firestorm's (TM) validity and feasibility to predict, detect, neutralize, and protect key assets and/or area against a variety of possible threats. The sensors and responding assets can be deployed with numerous configurations to cover the various terrain and environmental conditions, and can be integrated to a number of platforms.

关键词： networked lethality weapon-target pairing target handoff target deconfliction track management attack guidance modular architecture collaborative engagement

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Effects of evaporation layer on free-space optical communication links near sea surface at 1.55 μm

Effects of evaporation layer on free-space optical communica...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks VIII

作者： Zeller, John Manzur, Tariq USN Undersea Warfare Ctr Newport RI 02841 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819488121

Free-space optics (FSO) holds the potential for high bandwidth communication in situations where landline communication is not practical, with relatively low cost and maintenance. For FSO communication in maritime environments, laser beams propagating through the evaporation layer near the sea surface are affected by turbulence, the scattering coefficients of the water particles, and the salt water itself. To better gauge and understand the effects of turbulence on FSO communication, the refractive index structure parameter C-n(2), which relates to scintillation strength, is determined from database of environmental parameters experimentally measured near the sea surface. A high speed Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is utilized to measure wavefront distortion of a beam transmitted though the evaporation layer, and thus determine the extent of turbulence encountered along the optical pathway. Through the use of adaptive optics, the wavefront of a transmitted beam is modulated in real time to compensate for turbulence, thereby providing optimal FSO reception. The Kalman filter method is also employed to reconstruct an original undistorted image from a series of sequential transmitted images altered by turbulence. In addition, atmospheric, free-space, and scintillation losses are analyzed and predicted for extended optical path lengths in view of their impact on FSO data transfer and communication. Furthermore, the effects of weather conditions on FSO transmission are investigated through MODTRAN based modeling at 1.55 mu m wavelength, where multiple elevation angles are considered. Using advanced techniques, many limitations associated with infrared FSO transmission and reception in the evaporation layer may be overcome or circumvented.

关键词： Free-space optics evaporation layer communication networks infrared lasers MODTRAN Fried parameter

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Bio-Inspired UAV Routing, Source Localization and Acoustic Signature Classification for Persistent Surveillance

Bio-Inspired UAV Routing, Source Localization and Acoustic S...

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conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR II

作者： Burman, Jerry Hespanha, Joao Madhow, Upamanyu Pham, Tien Teledyne Sci Co 1049 Camino Dos Rios Thousand Oaks CA 91360 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819486219

A team consisting of Teledyne Scientific Company, the University of California at Santa Barbara and the Army Research Laboratory* is developing technologies in support of automated data exfiltration from heterogeneous battlefield sensor networks to enhance situational awareness for dismounts and command echelons. unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) provide an effective means to autonomously collect data from a sparse network of unattended ground sensors (UGSs) that cannot communicate with each other. UAVs are used to reduce the system reaction time by generating autonomous collection routes that are data-driven. Bio-inspired techniques for search provide a novel strategy to detect, capture and fuse data. A fast and accurate method has been developed to localize an event by fusing data from a sparse number of UGSs. This technique uses a bio-inspired algorithm based on chemotaxis or the motion of bacteria seeking nutrients in their environment. A unique acoustic event classification algorithm was also developed based on using swarm optimization. Additional studies addressed the problem of routing multiple UAVs, optimally placing sensors in the field and locating the source of gunfire at helicopters. A field test was conducted in November of 2009 at Camp Roberts, CA. The field test results showed that a system controlled by bio-inspired software algorithms can autonomously detect and locate the source of an acoustic event with very high accuracy and visually verify the event. In nine independent test runs of a UAV, the system autonomously located the position of an explosion nine times with an average accuracy of 3 meters. The time required to perform source localization using the UAV was on the order of a few minutes based on UAV flight times. In June 2011, additional field tests of the system will be performed and will include multiple acoustic events, optimal sensor placement based on acoustic phenomenology and the use of the International Technology Alliance (ITA) Senso

关键词： unattended Ground sensor unmanned Air Vehicle Data Exfiltration Autonomous Operations Bio-Inspired Algorithms Chemotaxis Likelihood Function Data Fusion Route Planning Source Localization Acoustic Event Classification Particle Swarm Optimization sensor Network Fabric optimal sensor placement and acoustic phenomenology

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Comparison of MAC Layer Performance of Reactive and Proactive Protocols for Different Mobility Conditions in WSN

Comparison of MAC Layer Performance of Reactive and Proactiv...

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1st International conference on Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology (CCSEIT 2011)

作者： Pandey, Manjusha Verma, Shekhar Indian Inst Informat Technol Allahabad Uttar Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9783642240362;9783642240379

Wireless sensor networks are the most challenging networks for communication because of its resource constrained nature and the dynamical nature of network topographic anatomy. A lot of research is being going on in the diverse parts of the world for optimum utilization of communication resources in these special types of ad hoc networks. The utility and application domain of sensor networks ranges from commercial, public safety applications and military sector to be the most important ones. The magnificent challenges to the routing algorithms employed in such type of networks are due to the mercurial size of the network and its expandable topology that is quite dynamic in nature. The present paper offers a comparison and analysis of the packet drop at the MAC layer for different routing protocols under an experimental setup having different mobility condition based scenarios of the wireless sensor network application. The comparative study may have also an impact on the improvement of MAC layer performance for different simulation times of the experimental setup considering two of reactive as well as proactive protocols that are most widely used routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor network application under consideration for the experimental is the battle field monitoring wireless sensor network and the comparative study has been performed for four different mobility patterns described as four different scenarios in the considered experimental application of wireless sensor networks. The sensor network simulative electronic deception architecture used is for the battle field monitoring application of wireless sensor networks. The application provides support for sensing capabilities within the network nodes called as UGS (unattended Ground sensors).Mobile nodes gather data from battle field and direct it to the base station via mobile UGV (unmanned Ground Vehicles).The performance of the MAC Layer varies with the different average jitter va

关键词： sensor networks Packet drop MAC Layer Routing Protocols: AODV OLSR DYMO LANMAR

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USING OPTOELECTRONIC sensors IN THE SYSTEM PROTEUS

USING OPTOELECTRONIC SENSORS IN THE SYSTEM PROTEUS

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks VII

作者： Zyczkowski, M. Szustakowski, M. Ciurapinski, W. Piszczek, M. Mil Univ Technol Inst Optoelect PL-00908 Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819483515

The paper presents the concept of optoelectronic devices for human protection in rescue activity. The system consists of an ground robots with predicted sensor. The multisensor construction of the system ensures significant improvement of security of using on-situ like chemical or explosive sensors. The article show a various scenario of use for individual sensor in system PROTEUS.

关键词： sensors Robots Mobile robots Cameras Chemical elements Optoelectronics Telecommunications Safety Explosives Optoelectronic devices

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Multi-target multi-sensor localization and tracking using passive antennas and optical sensors on UAVs

Multi-target multi-sensor localization and tracking using pa...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks VII

作者： Schikora, Marek Bender, Daniel Koch, Wolgang Cremers, Daniel Fraunhofer FKIE Neuenahrer Str 20 Wachtberg Germany Tech Univ Munich Garching Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819483515

In this work we focus on the task to localize and track multiple non-cooperative targets by a passive antenna array and an optical sensor. Both sensor systems are mounted on a UAV and obtain bearing measurements from the targets, where the number of targets is unknown. To solve the localization and tracking problem, the imprecise but unique bearing data collected from the antenna array has to be correlated with the precise but ambiguous bearing data gained from the optical system. We perform this by a Monte Carlo realization of a multi-sensor probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter.

关键词： Bearing data multi-target tracking localization passive system UAV sensor fusion PHD filter

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A Radar unattended Ground sensor with Micro-Doppler Capabilities for False Alarm Reduction

A Radar Unattended Ground Sensor with Micro-Doppler Capabili...

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conference on unmanned/unattended sensors and sensor networks VII

作者： Tahmoush, Dave Silvious, Jerry Burke, Ed USA Res Lab Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819483515

unattended ground sensors (UGS) provide the capability to inexpensively secure remote borders and other areas of interest. However, the presence of normal animal activity can often trigger a false alarm. Accurately detecting humans and distinguishing them from natural fauna is an important issue in security applications to reduce false alarm rates and improve the probability of detection. In particular, it is important to detect and classify people who are moving in remote locations and transmit back detections and analysis over extended periods at a low cost and with minimal maintenance. We developed and demonstrate a compact radar technology that is scalable to a variety of ultra-lightweight and low-power platforms for wide area persistent surveillance as an unattended, unmanned, and man-portable ground sensor. The radar uses micro-Doppler processing to characterize the tracks of moving targets and to then eliminate unimportant detections due to animals as well as characterize the activity of human detections. False alarms from sensors are a major liability that hinders widespread use. Incorporating rudimentary intelligence into sensors can reduce false alarms but can also result in a reduced probability of detection. Allowing an initial classification that can be updated with new observations and tracked over time provides a more robust framework for false alarm reduction at the cost of additional sensor observations. This paper explores these tradeoffs with a small radar sensor for border security. Multiple measurements were done to try to characterize the micro-Doppler of human versus animal and vehicular motion across a range of activities. Measurements were taken at the multiple sites with realistic but low levels of clutter. Animals move with a quadrupedal motion, which can be distinguished from the bipedal human motion. The micro-Doppler of a vehicle with rotating parts is also shown, along with ground truth images. Comparisons show large variations for dif

关键词： Radar micro-Doppler UGS

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