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An effective approach to edge classification from DCT domain

An effective approach to edge classification from DCT domain

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IEEE International conference on image processing

作者： Hongliang Li Guizhong Liu Yongli Li School of Electronics and Information Engineering Xi''an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

In the field of content-based visual information analysis, the detection of visual features is a significant topic. In order to process video data efficiently, visual features extraction is required. Many advanced video applications require direct manipulation of compressed video data. An effective approach that detects edges in MPEG compressed images is proposed. First, DCT coefficients of 8/spl times/8 subblocks are analyzed on their meaning in determining boundaries. Then, we consider two types of ideal linear edges cutting through a block of size 8/spl times/8. Based on these edge models, we derive an edge detection approach from ten normalized DCT coefficients, obtaining the general rules of edge classification. Finally, we test the proposed algorithm on different images, and compare our method with other edge classification approaches. Simulations show that our approach can be used to estimate the edge information of images from their DCT coefficients more effectively than those proposed previously.

关键词： Discrete cosine transforms image edge detection image coding Video compression Information systems Data mining Transform coding Multimedia systems Indexing Layout

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Noise reduction by a new iterative weighted sparse decomposition algorithm

Noise reduction by a new iterative weighted sparse decomposi...

引用

International conference on communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS)

作者： Ting Fu Huafu Chen Dezhong Yao School of Life Science & Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology Chengdu China

In this paper, a new weighted sparse decomposition algorithm is developed for signal recovery from noisy recordings. The algorithm is completed by iteratively solving the global minimum l/sub 1/ norm to seek the sparse component of the signal in a complete or over-complete dictionary, in order to get an estimate of the signal. The multiresolution wavelet is adopted as the complete dictionary, and the two-scale relation in wavelet algorithm was utilized to define the penalty parameter in the objective function. The method is confirmed by both simulation and real data.

关键词： Noise reduction Iterative algorithms Dictionaries Wavelet packets image analysis Space technology Humans visual system Signal analysis Multiresolution analysis

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Magnetic resonance force microscopy and the solid state quantum computer

Magnetic resonance force microscopy and the solid state quan...

引用

conference on Quantum Dot Devices and Computing

作者： Pelekhov, DV Martin, I Suter, A Reagor, DW Hammel, PC Los Alamos Natl Lab Los Alamos NM 87545 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819443956

A Quantum Computer (QC) is a device that utilizes the principles of Quantum Mechanics to perform computations. Such a machine would be capable of accomplishing tasks not achievable by means of any conventional digital computer, for instance factoring large numbers. Currently it appears that the QC architecture based on an array of spin quantum bits (qubits) embedded in a solid-state matrix is one of the most promising approaches to fabrication of a scalable QC. However, the fabrication and operation of a Solid State Quantum Computer (SSQC) presents very formidable challenges;, primary amongst these are: (1) the characterization and control of the fabrication process of the device during its construction and (2) the readout of the computational result. Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy (MRFM)-a novel scanning probe technique based on mechanical detection of magnetic resonance-provides an attractive means of addressing these requirements. The sensitivity of the MRFM significantly exceeds that of conventional magnetic resonance measurement methods, and it has the potential for single electron spin detection. Moreover, the MRFM is capable of true 3D subsurface imaging. These features will make MRFM an invaluable tool for the implementation of a spin-based QC. Here we present the general principles of MRFM operation, the current status of its development and indicate future directions for its improvement.

关键词： Magnetism Quantum computing Resonators Quantum communications Signal detection 3D image processing Microscopy Deconvolution Chemical species Solid state electronics

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Automatic insertion work based on visual measurement and contact force estimation

Automatic insertion work based on visual measurement and con...

引用

IEEE International conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： S. Murakami Y. Hashiguchi T. Hasegawa Kyushu Electric Power Co. Inc. Yaskawa Electric Corporation

This paper focuses on the automation of insertion work, such as inserting a metal sleeve into a wire terminal, necessary in distribution work. The major technical issues for this task automation are considered as: the detection of a target object in an unstructured, complex outdoor environment; and the insertion executed at the work site with restricted clearance. In the former, the target object is detected by applying 3D image processing and template matching techniques, based on the position and posture relationship between CCD cameras, the target object, and the background. In addition, the manipulator's targeting position is updated by commands from the visual sensor system, applying the video-rate stereo camera method. This allows for realtime visual feedback control; thus, misalignment due to deviation arising from manipulator's mechanism is avoided. In the latter issue, a new algorithm was developed for insertion. This algorithm can estimate contact force, based on the deviation between the present position and command position of the manipulator. An experiment using a testing robotic system revealed that the proposed robotic technology was effective for performing insertion work without assistance by humans.

关键词： Force measurement Automation Object detection Robots Wire image processing Charge coupled devices Charge-coupled image sensors Sensor systems Cameras

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Creating 3D speech-driven talking heads: a probabilistic network approach

Creating 3D speech-driven talking heads: a probabilistic net...

引用

IEEE International conference on image processing

作者： KyoungHo Choi Jenq-Neng Hwang Lnformation Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of washington Seattle WA USA

We present a probabilistic approach to decide whether or not extracted facial features are appropriate for creating 3D face models. Automatically extracted 2D facial features from a video sequence are fed into the proposed probabilistic framework before a corresponding 3D face model is built to avoid generating unnatural or non-realistic 3D faces. In addition, a new algorithm for audio-to-visual conversion based on constrained optimization is presented to generate visual parameters for driving the mouth movement of the 3D face models from speech. Lagrangian optimization is applied to transform a constrained problem into an unconstrained problem. Experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness and validity of the proposed algorithms for various video sequences and speech.

关键词： Facial features Speech Video sequences Face detection Head Constraint optimization Mouth Lagrangian functions Real time systems Robustness

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DPF - a perceptual distance function for image retrieval

DPF - a perceptual distance function for image retrieval

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IEEE International conference on image processing

作者： Baitao Li E. Chang Ching-Tung Wu Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California슠Santa Barbara USA

For almost a decade, content-based image retrieval has been an active research area, yet one fundamental problem remains largely unsolved: how to measure perceptual similarity. To measure perceptual similarity, most researchers employ the Minkowski-type metric. Our extensive data-mining experiments on visual data show that, unfortunately, the Minkowski metric is not very effective in modeling perceptual similarity. Our experiments also show that the traditional "static" feature weighting approaches are not sufficient for retrieving various similar images. We report our discovery of a perceptual distance function through mining a large set of visual data. We call the discovered function dynamic the partial distance function (DPF). When we empirically compare the DPF to Minkowski-type distance functions, the DPF performs significantly better in finding similar images. The effectiveness of the DPF can be well explained by similarity theories in cognitive psychology.

关键词： image retrieval Content based retrieval Data mining Area measurement Psychology Information retrieval Testing Digital images Earth Fuzzy logic

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Managing the information flow in visual sensor networks

Managing the information flow in visual sensor networks

引用

International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia communications (WPMC)

作者： K. Obraczka R. Manduchi J.J. Garcia-Luna-Aveces CE Department University of California Santa Cruz USA

Sensor networks, or sensor webs, which consist of a large number of interconnected sensing devices, have recently been the subject of extensive research. Typical applications of sensor networks include monitoring of possibly very large, remote and/or inaccessible areas, surveillance, and smart environments, like meeting rooms, buildings, homes, and highways. Our focus is on visual sensor networks, which are networks of cameras equipped with enough processing power to support local image analysis. The paper describes ongoing research at UCSC in visual sensor networks and highlights the research challenges to be addressed. It motivates the need for tight coupling between vision techniques and communication protocols for more effective monitoring/tracking capabilities (by having sensors operate in a coordinated manner), as well as energy- and bandwidth-efficient protocols which prolong the operational life of the sensor network.

关键词： Information management Intelligent sensors Protocols Remote monitoring Surveillance Road transportation image sensors Cameras image analysis Sensor phenomena and characterization

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Modification on distance transform to avoid over-segmentation and under-segmentation

Modification on distance transform to avoid over-segmentatio...

引用

IEEE Region 8 International Symposium on Video/image processing and Multimedia communications (EURASIP)

作者： K.N.R. Mohana Rao A.G. Dempster Department of Electronic Systems University of Westminster London UK

Many techniques, both conventional and morphological, have been proposed in the literature for the segmentation of images. Morphological image segmentation methods, particularly those using a watershed algorithm, have found wide applications. The popular method of F. Meyer and S. Beucher (see J. visual Comm. image Representation., vol.1, p.21-46, 1990), based on a marker constrained watershed algorithm which uses only the binary image and its distance transform, can lead to over-segmentation or under-segmentation if the image objects are of irregular shape and they are overlapping or touching. Another problem with the Beucher and Meyer method is that the watersheds constructed may not agree/coincide with the actual image object junctions as only the binary image is used and information contained in the gray scale image is not utilised. We present an approach addressing both these problems. Morphological area-opening on the distance transform is used for choosing markers to avoid over-segmentation and under-segmentation. The second problem is addressed by using a gray scale image instead of a distance transform to force the watersheds to coincide with the actual junctions of the image objects. The proposed procedure has been applied to images with almost similar objects and the results of our procedure of segmentation are found to be very efficient and encouraging.

关键词： image segmentation Shape Blood image recognition Region 8 Multimedia communication Diseases Cells (biology) image processing Humans

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Fuzzy color signatures

Fuzzy color signatures

引用

IEEE International conference on image processing

作者： A. Dorado E. Izquierdo Computer Science Department Universidad Javeriana Cali Colombia Electronic Engineering Department Queen Mary University of London

With the large and increasing amount of visual information available in digital libraries and the Web, efficient and robust systems for image retrieval are urgently needed. A compact color descriptor scheme and an efficient metric to compare and retrieve images is presented. An image adaptive color clustering method, called fuzzy color signature, is proposed. The original image colors are mapped into a small number of representative colors using a peaks detection function derived from the color distribution. Fuzzy color signatures are then used as image descriptors. To compare image descriptors the earth mover's distance is used. Several experiments have been conducted to assess the performance of the proposed technique.

关键词： image retrieval Information retrieval image databases Histograms Quantization Humans Indexing Fuzzy logic Earth Cities and towns

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Contourlets: a directional multiresolution image representation

Contourlets: a directional multiresolution image representat...

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IEEE International conference on image processing

作者： M.N. Do M. Vetterli Beckman Institute University of Illinois Urbana IL USA Audiovisual Communications Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland

We propose a new scheme, named contourlet, that provides a flexible multiresolution, local and directional image expansion. The contourlet transform is realized efficiently via a double iterated filter bank structure. Furthermore, it can be designed to satisfy the anisotropy scaling relation for curves, and thus offers a fast and structured curvelet-like decomposition. As a result, the contourlet transform provides a sparse representation for two-dimensional piecewise smooth signals resembling images. Finally, we show some numerical experiments demonstrating the potential of contourlets in several image processing tasks.

关键词： image resolution image representation Signal resolution Discrete transforms Filter bank Continuous wavelet transforms Wavelet transforms Wavelet coefficients Laboratories Anisotropic magnetoresistance

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