The concept of 3-dimensional (3D) modeling by an autonomous mobile robot is presented. The mobile robot is equipped with a stereo camera and explores an unknown environment autonomously. The robot also has encoders an...
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The concept of 3-dimensional (3D) modeling by an autonomous mobile robot is presented. The mobile robot is equipped with a stereo camera and explores an unknown environment autonomously. The robot also has encoders and sonars. Information from these sensors are used for 3D modeling, ego-motion, and searching new and unknown objects. The 3D modeling of real environments by a mobile robot is applicable to optimal path planning, object recognition, virtual reality (VR), and so on. A preliminary result of the 3D modeling is also shown.
We are concerned with the reconstruction of a regularly-sampled image based on irregularly-spaced samples thereof. We propose a new iterative method based on a cubic spline representation of the image. An objective fu...
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We are concerned with the reconstruction of a regularly-sampled image based on irregularly-spaced samples thereof. We propose a new iterative method based on a cubic spline representation of the image. An objective function taking into account the similarity to the known samples and the regularity of the function is minimized in order to obtain a good approximation. We apply the developed algorithm to motion-compensated image interpolation. Under motion compensation, the resulting sampling grids are irregular and require irregular/regular interpolation. We show experimental results on real-world images and we compare our results with other methods proposed in the literature.
We present sampling results for certain classes of 2-D signals that are not bandlimited, but have a parametric representation with a finite number of degrees of freedom, such as 2-D Diracs, polygons and bilevel signal...
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We present sampling results for certain classes of 2-D signals that are not bandlimited, but have a parametric representation with a finite number of degrees of freedom, such as 2-D Diracs, polygons and bilevel signals with piecewise polynomial boundaries. As opposed to standard multidimensional sampling schemes, the proposed methods exploit the properties of the Radon transform of such signals. In particular, we demonstrate that by using an appropriate sampling kernel, one can perfectly reconstruct the signal from a finite set of samples of its Radon transform, and thus significantly reduce a computational load. The novel approach we present in the paper, offers practical algorithmic implementation and is potentially applicable to a large class of two-dimensional signals.
In this paper we present a novel speech coding algorithm for transmission over packet networks based on CELP (Code-Excited-Linear-Prediction). While various CELP type speech coders like the ITU-T G.729 or the Adaptive...
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In this paper we present a novel speech coding algorithm for transmission over packet networks based on CELP (Code-Excited-Linear-Prediction). While various CELP type speech coders like the ITU-T G.729 or the Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) codec are applicable to packet voice communication systems such as the Internet, there are some fundamental reasons that may limit their Performance in case of packet loss. We investigate the alternative of embedded coding in the CELP framework. focussing on an efficient quantization of the excitation signal to generate a hierarchically-structured bit stream by means of pyramid coding [1]. Thus, the receiver can reconstruct speech at a basic quality by decoding only a subset of the entire bit stream. The quality of the decoded speech increases with the amount of received bits. We demonstrate the performance by an experimental hierarchical wideband (0.05–7 kHz) speech coder, applied to an IP (Internet Protocol) channel simulation.
Watermarking can be modeled as transmission through a steganographic channel. Up to now, most of the channels studied in the literature have been additive or substitutive channels where noise modifies the data values....
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Watermarking can be modeled as transmission through a steganographic channel. Up to now, most of the channels studied in the literature have been additive or substitutive channels where noise modifies the data values. However, other modifications occur frequently during the life of a watermark, namely geometric distortions: images may be cropped, scaled and even non-linearly distorted by digital/analog conversion or by an attacker. We model geometric transformations by a geometric channel and introduce a random variable, the index variable, to model geometric deformations. We propose to use a synchronisation pattern to estimate geometric distortions caused by jitter attack, and describe two estimation algorithms (Viterbi and forward-backward).
This paper analyzes the performance of multi-user detection (MUD) for a quasi-synchronous OF DM-CDMA uplink transmission. OF DM-CDMA has been chosen because it offers a great advantage over single carrier systems due ...
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This paper analyzes the performance of multi-user detection (MUD) for a quasi-synchronous OF DM-CDMA uplink transmission. OF DM-CDMA has been chosen because it offers a great advantage over single carrier systems due to flat fading conditions on each subcarrier. This leads to ranch lower implementation costs of MUD techniques. In order to allow different data rates for each user, the CDMA spreading factors vary in the range of 4 up to 32. Specifically, we regard linear MUD techniques such as the MMSE approach as well as a combination with the nonlinear parallel interference cancellation (PIC) resulting in a recursive receiver structure. Assuming perfectly known channel impulse responses for each user and a rough synchronization it turns out that decreasing the spreading factors and keeping the number of sub-carriers constant leads to a performance loss due to a smaller diversity gain of each user signal. We will show that the effects of multi-user interference can be mitigated by applying a combination of MMSE and PIC. Thus the performance of the system can be improved.
This paper shows a method for speeding up the ray-traversal process of volume viewing. The algorithm acceleration is achieved by skipping empty regions defined for each background voxel of the volume in pre-processing...
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This paper shows a method for speeding up the ray-traversal process of volume viewing. The algorithm acceleration is achieved by skipping empty regions defined for each background voxel of the volume in pre-processing step. Background voxels are labeled by a value, which is equal to the voxel distance to the nearest foreground voxel. The algorithm starts by backward traverse of the volume to find an existing point of the foreground and follows by forward traverse of the volume from an entry point of volume until it meets the existing point. This method enables a faster ray-traversal time than traditional distance transforms.
Gigabit Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP) copper cabling is a fast growing technology for high-speed communications in local area networks (LANs). Whereas the first Gigabit Ethernet over copper standard, 100...
Gigabit Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP) copper cabling is a fast growing technology for high-speed communications in local area networks (LANs). Whereas the first Gigabit Ethernet over copper standard, 1000BASE-T was specified for 4 pairs of Category 5 UTP cabling, a transmission scheme with significantly less hardware complexity is possible for 4 pairs of Category 6 UTP cabling due to the better channel characteristics of this medium. In this Category 6 Gigabit Ethernet scheme, only two wire pairs are used to transmit data in a single direction instead of the full-duplex transmission on each of the 4 pairs in the 1000BASE-T standard. The noise margin for Category 6 Gigabit Ethernet can be increased by 4D trellis-coded modulation (4D-TCM), which achieves approximately 4 dB coding gain when the impact of intersymbol interference (ISI) is neglected. As there is significant postcursor ISI in Category 6 Gigabit Ethernet, joint equalization and trellis decoding must be performed to benefit from this potential coding gain. However, an optimum maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) detector would be far too complex, and the conventional suboptimum reduced-state sequence estimation (RSSE) algorithm cannot be applied, as the number of channels used for data transmission is smaller than the number of dimensions of the 4D-TCM code. This paper develops a modified 4D RSSE algorithm for Category 6 Gigabit Ethernet, which achieves a coding gain of at least 3 dB.
Motion estimation plays an important role in imageprocessing, since temporal information has been regarded as a promising feature for both image segmentation and video coding. In this paper a hybrid approach is propo...
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Motion estimation plays an important role in imageprocessing, since temporal information has been regarded as a promising feature for both image segmentation and video coding. In this paper a hybrid approach is proposed to integrate a differential (gradient-based) optical flow approach and region-based matching approach to search for accurate object motion vectors. Our method adopts the Horn-Schunck optical flow constraint, in conjunction with several proposed techniques to convert the dense optical flow field to region-based motion field, and thereby suppress noise. The region-based matching approach is a modified version of the traditional block-matching algorithm, so that it can operate in region-based mode, and thereby enhance the visual effectiveness near the edges. Therefore, the proposed hybrid method has the tendency to obtain the estimation of "true" object motion inherited by the gradient-based approach, and also the superior visual effectiveness inherited by the block-matching approach.
A fuzzy hybrid filter (FHF) is presented which can remove impulse noise from highly corrupted images while preserving details. Primarily, the noise ratio in the filter window is defined and detected. Then we present a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780374908
A fuzzy hybrid filter (FHF) is presented which can remove impulse noise from highly corrupted images while preserving details. Primarily, the noise ratio in the filter window is defined and detected. Then we present a new detection algorithm of the corrupted degree of central pixel in the filter window, and fuzzy decision based on fuzzy rules, construct the fuzzy membership function. Finally, a fuzzy hybrid filter (FHF) is designed for the removal of impulse noise from highly corrupted images. Experimental results indicate that our algorithm impressively outperforms other techniques in terms of noise suppression and detail preservation across a wide range of impulse noise corruption, ranging from 5 % to 80 %. Moreover the FHF can effectively restore images corrupted with mixed Gaussian and impulse noise.
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