We have developed a software framework that simplifies the task of implementing, controlling, and visualizing space-variant image filters. A filter's behaviour over an image is dictated by the parameters that cont...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424285
We have developed a software framework that simplifies the task of implementing, controlling, and visualizing space-variant image filters. A filter's behaviour over an image is dictated by the parameters that control it. The values of each parameter can be data, geometric, algorithmic, or user dependent. We call this the parameter's source-dependence. Parameters can also vary over any number of image dimensions (a spatially-invariant parameter has dimensionality of 0). We call this the parameter's dimensionality-dependence. Using the parameter dependence classification scheme as a base, the software framework provides tools that allow visualization of filter properties, and where appropriate, interactive user control. A median filter is a simple example of a data dependent (adaptive) filter. We make explicit the components of dataanalysis and filtering, and use it to show how filter properties can be visualized. A space-variant band-pass filter, used in seismic data processing, shows how user interaction can be incorporated into the framework. Finally, a simple geometric warp shows how geometric (and algorithmic) dependent filters benefit.
The knowledge-based system IRIS is designed to help users in analysis of spatially referenced statistical data. For this purpose the system provides the user with automatically built thematic maps presenting the data ...
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Exploratory dataanalysis is a process of sifting through data in search of interesting information or patterns. Analysts' current tools for exploring data include database management systems, statistical analysis...
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The main focus of this contribution is the description of mechanisms for an intuitive input of user-data with a direct response to gain fast parameter selection. To build polymorph input methods for different paramete...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424285
The main focus of this contribution is the description of mechanisms for an intuitive input of user-data with a direct response to gain fast parameter selection. To build polymorph input methods for different parameter classes, a database containing knowledge about each operator is needed. This information about the syntactical and semantical structure is used to create adequate dialog elements, like sliders, list boxes, text fields, etc., each one responsible for a distinct parameter class. In addition higher-level semantics are used to aggregate data types, e.g., the user can draw a rectangle interactively, instead of only inputting the coordinates of its corners. Depending on the context, the user can also change certain subsets of the knowledge about the operator to fit special needs. Incremental computation of the results of an operator by successively expanding regions of interest is used to gain direct feedback for every change of parameter values. So by dragging a slider for the size of a smoothing mask, e.g., the user can see the effect directly and thus select the desired value rapidly. This approach is extended to sequences of operators. In this case, more than one parameter form will be open at the same time, one for each relevant operator, to have full control of all important values.
Weather forecasts are typically produced once or twice each day. Each run usually covers several forecast periods. Over the course of the day, as measured sensor data becomes available, discrepancies between observati...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424285
Weather forecasts are typically produced once or twice each day. Each run usually covers several forecast periods. Over the course of the day, as measured sensor data becomes available, discrepancies between observations and model forecasts are resolved and integrated so as to update and improve the next forecast run. The process of resolving the differences between model output and sensor measurements is known as data assimilation. Traditional methods include kriging and optimal interpolation. They involve statistical and historical information on reliability of sensor measurements (including desirability of sensor location, calibration, etc.), variability of the field, model resolution, initial and boundary conditions, etc. Some of the parameters of a data assimilation model are integration techniques, choice and frequency of incremental update methods, interpolation algorithms, resolution of the model grid, estimation filtering and smoothing algorithms and finite differencing schemes. All of these parameters can have a profound effect on the tendencies displayed by a forecasting model. Hence, having visualization tools to display these possibly conflicting information is very useful for the scientists in quickly identifying regions of high conflict and/or regions of low confidence levels. Allowing the scientists to control the data assimilation variables can assist in constructing a protocol that is appropriate for a specific geographical region. This paper presents a suite of visualization tools to aid scientists in performing their data assimilation analyses. These tools will provide an integrated display of 3D model outputs with OD point measurements from meteorological stations, 1D measurements from wind profilers, sonde, and floating buoys, 2D measurements from CODAR current measurements and GOES satellite feed, and, when available, 3D volume measurements from NEXRAD data. The tools provided here will help extend the 2D domain in which data assimilation is c
Existing Mode Indicator Functions (MIFs) seek to provide a visual marker of the position of the natural frequencies given measured Frequency Response Function (FRF) data. In this form the indication of natural frequen...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0912053534
Existing Mode Indicator Functions (MIFs) seek to provide a visual marker of the position of the natural frequencies given measured Frequency Response Function (FRF) data. In this form the indication of natural frequencies is of little practical value. The work presented here uses two sequentially applied Neural Networks to generate a table of discrete values for the natural frequencies of the measured system. The first network defines the number of resonances within a defined bandwidth, and the second then locates the discrete frequencies at which they occur. The networks are trained using a simple three degree of freedom analytical model which can exhibit close modes. The effectiveness of the resulting networks is then demonstrated on a measured wing-like structure.
We propose a new approach to automate document image layout extraction for an object-oriented database feature population using rapid low level feature analysis, preclassification and predictive coding. The layout inf...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819426628
We propose a new approach to automate document image layout extraction for an object-oriented database feature population using rapid low level feature analysis, preclassification and predictive coding. The layout information comprised of region location and classification data is transformed into 'feature object(s)'. The information is then fed into an intelligent document image retrieval system (IDIR) to be utilized in document retrieval schemes. The IDIR system consists of user interface, object-oriented database and a variety of document image analysis algorithms. In this paper the object-oriented storage model and the database system are presented in formal and functional domains. Moreover, the graphical user interface and a visual document image browser are described. The document analysis techniques used at document characterization are also presented. In this context the documents consist of text, picture and other media (possibly embedded) data. Documents are stored in the database as document, page and region objects. Our test system has been implemented and tested using a document database of 10 000 documents.
The proceedings contain 65 papers. The topics discussed include: an interactive visualization environment for dataexploration;density-connected sets and their application for trend detection in spatial databases;visu...
ISBN:
(纸本)1577350278
The proceedings contain 65 papers. The topics discussed include: an interactive visualization environment for dataexploration;density-connected sets and their application for trend detection in spatial databases;visualization techniques to explore data mining results for document collections;a probabilistic approach to fast pattern matching in time series databases;using general impressions to analyze discovered classification rules;development of multi-criteria metrics for evaluation of data mining algorithms;analysis and visualization of classifier performance: comparison under imprecise class and cost distributions;discriminative vs informative learning;anytime exploratory dataanalysis for massive data sets;detecting atmospheric regimes using cross-validated clustering;and a visual interactive framework for attribute discretization.
We present a new approach to video sequence segmentation into individual shots. Unlike previous approaches, our technique segments the video sequence by combining two streams of information extracted from the visual t...
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We present a new approach to video sequence segmentation into individual shots. Unlike previous approaches, our technique segments the video sequence by combining two streams of information extracted from the visual track with audio track segmentation information. The visual streams of information are computed from the coarse data in a 3-D wavelet decomposition of the video track. They consist of (i) information derived from temporal edges detected along the time evolution of the intensity of each pixel in temporally sub-sampled spatially filtered coarse frames, and (ii) information derived from the coarse spatio-temporal evolution of intra-frame edges in the spatially filtered coarse frames. Our approach is particularly matched to progressively transmitted video.
Land related information about the Earth's surface is commonly found in two forms: i) map information, and ii) satellite image data. Map information is stored as thematic layers in geographical information system ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780343654;0780343662
Land related information about the Earth's surface is commonly found in two forms: i) map information, and ii) satellite image data. Map information is stored as thematic layers in geographical information system (GIS). Often the information is collected for a specific purpose at a point in time. It can depart from the true situation on the ground due to subjective interpretation and generalisation of the data. Satellite images capture electromagnetic energy of the Earth's surface as multispectral images (Landsat TM, SPOT) and radar images (ERS-1, SIR-B). The images provide a good visual picture of what is on the ground but complex image processing is required to interpret features in an image scene. A great deal of research work has occurred to improve the reliability of satellite image interpretation. Especially in the area of image classification, feature recognition, and image browsing. But at some point the ability to extract intelligent information from image data is constrained without the assistance of auxiliary information. Using already interpreted map information may make further improvement in satellite image interpretation. Image interpretation can incorporate a priori knowledge about mapped information in its analysis. The analysis should not only include image classification but also combine with a rule system to reason about geographic knowledge. For instance, one would expect to find a bridge at the intersection of a road and a river.
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