An ergonomic design of a user interface which considers human factors is discussed. Based on a model of the anesthesiologist's monitoring task, the user interface design of an anesthesia decision support system is...
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An ergonomic design of a user interface which considers human factors is discussed. Based on a model of the anesthesiologist's monitoring task, the user interface design of an anesthesia decision support system is described as an example. The AIs (anesthesia information system) and to AES-2 its knowledge-based decision support system. The essential aspects of this user interface comprise appropriate information structure, information coding by color and shape, user guidance, and interaction by means of a touch input facility.< >
visualization tools common to the areas of molecular, cellular, and anatomical imaging are explored. These tools address four major problem areas common to visualization of molecular, cellular, and anatomical structur...
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visualization tools common to the areas of molecular, cellular, and anatomical imaging are explored. These tools address four major problem areas common to visualization of molecular, cellular, and anatomical structures: (1) presentation of visual representation; (2) correlation; (3) quantitation and understanding; (4) data management. The authors address general requirements for three-dimensional biovisualization but do not explore modes of implementation or application-specific problems.< >
An interactive data browsing environment designed specifically to support temporal manipulations is described. A formal system of temporal operations is combined with a visual system for interactive temporal data disp...
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An interactive data browsing environment designed specifically to support temporal manipulations is described. A formal system of temporal operations is combined with a visual system for interactive temporal data display. The basic temporal construct is a time line. For each of the basic time-line operations, the effects of each operator, including exceptions and boundary conditions, are defined. For each formal definition, a precise visual analog of the operation is given. A time-line browser, an editor for time lines, which implements this formalism is described and applied to biomedical data (e.g. diabetes patient data).< >
A method for capturing a 3D ultrasound volume from a series of 2D cross-sectional images obtained with a conventional B-mode scanner is presented. Optical tracking of the ultrasound transducer is used to locate the di...
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A method for capturing a 3D ultrasound volume from a series of 2D cross-sectional images obtained with a conventional B-mode scanner is presented. Optical tracking of the ultrasound transducer is used to locate the digitized sections within the volume. A simple optical tracking technique, which uses two conventional video cameras and stereopsis, is described, and its freedom-of-motion effects on reconstruction and visualization are discussed.< >
The use of qualitative models as opposed to quantitative models for object recognition and reconstruction is discussed. Central to the author's model is an attempt to identify a minimal subset of attributes releva...
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The use of qualitative models as opposed to quantitative models for object recognition and reconstruction is discussed. Central to the author's model is an attempt to identify a minimal subset of attributes relevant to visualization. Each object is decomposed into simpler components, with each component described as a qualitative generalized cylinder and the joining operations specified by a three-dimensional qualitative spatial reasoning scheme. The spatial reasoning used is systematically derived and provides a complete description under considerations of tangency, nocontact, and overlap. The representation must be compact, yet contain sufficient information to be 'recognizable'-a term that is defined in terms of human perception and constitutes a measure of the goodness of the model.< >
The role and importance of critical parameters, such as cardiac output, ventricular pressure, and papillary muscle position, on mitral valve behaviour and on the development of the ventricular flow field are studied. ...
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The role and importance of critical parameters, such as cardiac output, ventricular pressure, and papillary muscle position, on mitral valve behaviour and on the development of the ventricular flow field are studied. Steady and pulsatile flow visualization experiments demonstrate that the main factor which affects the ventricular function is the papillary muscle position. By controlling regurgitation, it can change the cardiac output, as well as the ventricular pressure. A qualitative agreement is found between a color Doppler ultrasound flow field and those obtained by flow visualization.< >
A PC-based imaging system designed for the three-dimensional display and analysis of biomedical image information is described. Hardware considerations emphasizing minimal requirements for providing an acceptable perf...
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A PC-based imaging system designed for the three-dimensional display and analysis of biomedical image information is described. Hardware considerations emphasizing minimal requirements for providing an acceptable performance are outlined. The approach implemented in the system consists of segmentation and interpolation, surface tracking, and creation of rendered images. Most of the operations are implemented without floating-point computations. A smooth and consistent user interface makes the system easy to use in a biomedical imaging environment. The throughput of the system is satisfactory: a typical study can be completed in about 30 minutes from start to finish.< >
The approach, design, and implementations for CONTRAST, a user interface that visualizes concepts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are described. An introduction to medical MRI is given, along with the approach to...
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The approach, design, and implementations for CONTRAST, a user interface that visualizes concepts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are described. An introduction to medical MRI is given, along with the approach to building the CONTRAST expert system. The domain-specific visual representations used in the CONTRAST user interface are discussed, as are overall interface architecture, the use of the interface for explanation, and an associated tutorial program. Some comments on building high-bandwidth user interfaces are included.< >
An approach which-nominally springs from the same motivation as measure theory (e.g., the presumption of an absent metric on the domain of a mapping whose range is uncountable) is developed to create a class of genera...
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An approach which-nominally springs from the same motivation as measure theory (e.g., the presumption of an absent metric on the domain of a mapping whose range is uncountable) is developed to create a class of generalized images in which the mechanism of contrast can be adjusted to desired combinations of metric and nonmetric sources. Images illustrating certain interesting features are presented. Examples of the approach are discussed.< >
Algorithms for high-speed visualization and manipulation of high-resolution medical objects are described. Central to these algorithms is a novel method of object representation, called a semi-boundary, which stores b...
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Algorithms for high-speed visualization and manipulation of high-resolution medical objects are described. Central to these algorithms is a novel method of object representation, called a semi-boundary, which stores boundary voxels of the object as a row-indexed list, along with a code associated with each voxel that indicates which of its neighbors are outside the object and which are inside. The algorithms for manipulation take as input a semi-boundary and produce either a depiction or a new semi-boundary of the altered object. Rendering speeds normally obtainable only on systems with specialized hardware design have been achieved on general-purpose workstations entirely through optimum algorithms. The potential use of the methodology in surgical planning is illustrated.< >
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