In this work, the embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) coding and the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) coding methods are studied. The effect of the arithmetic coding to the performances of EZW and SPIHT codi...
详细信息
Digital Elevation Models (DEM) have become important tools in many remote sensing applications, such as classification, defense, Geographic Information Systems, etc. But they are complex products to generate and they ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0819451215
Digital Elevation Models (DEM) have become important tools in many remote sensing applications, such as classification, defense, Geographic Information Systems, etc. But they are complex products to generate and they are still pervaded with errors and artifacts due to the generation techniques themselves or atmospheric problems. Thus their qualification for a specified application is not guaranteed. It is well known nowadays that the evaluation of the quality of a DEM is a challenging task, due to the variety of requirements depending on the applications and on the end-user. It remains a major field of investigation, where scientists always look for new tools for the analysis of DEM. The use of multiresolution techniques is one possible answer to this research. In the past decades it has been shown that natural landscapes exhibit fractal behaviors. Consequently it seems rather obvious and relevant to use techniques based on fractals and more generally on multi resolution concepts as a tool for understanding the geological nature of terrain. Thanks to the emergence of the use of the wavelet theory, researchers get interested again in fractals modeling for geo information processing and understanding. In this article our aim is to present the various analysis that are possible to lead on DEM thanks to multi resolution methods, in particular wavelet filtering and fractal dimension estimation.
We present the further development of a watermarking technique that embeds an authentication signal in an image. In this paper, we concentrate on the JPEG 2000 image format. The detection/extraction of this signal can...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0819454990
We present the further development of a watermarking technique that embeds an authentication signal in an image. In this paper, we concentrate on the JPEG 2000 image format. The detection/extraction of this signal can,then be used to decide whether the image has gone through any intentional malicious tampering. Therefore, the watermark needs to be fragile to such tampering attacks. On the other hand, we need to make sure that the authentication is robust to change resulting from the watermarking process itself, or from necessary changes such as image compression. We address the robustness against watermarking process issue in two ways. First, we decompose the image into phase and magnitude values. A signature is then generated from the phase values. In particular, binary phase-only filters and their variants will are utilized for this. This signature is subsequently hidden into the magnitude part by a bit-plane embedding technique. The disjoint operations of signature generation and signature embedding minimize the embedding artifacts of the authentication signal. Secondly, we use wavelet decomposition, whereby, the signature can be generated from one subband, and then it can be embedded in other subband(s), or the same subband.
In this paper, an objective criterion on wavelet filters in proposed. wavelet transforms are used in number of important signal and image industrial processing tasks including image coding and denoising. The choice of...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0819455601
In this paper, an objective criterion on wavelet filters in proposed. wavelet transforms are used in number of important signal and image industrial processing tasks including image coding and denoising. The choice of the wavelet filter bank is is very important and is directly linked to the efficiency of the application. Some criteria have been proposed such as regularity, size of the support of the wavelet and number of vanishing moments. The size of the wavelet support increases with the number of vanishing moments. The wavelet regularity is important to reduce the artifacts. The choice of an optimal wavelet is thus the result of a trade-off between the number of vanishing moments and artifacts. But there is only a partial correlation between filter regularity and reconstructed image quality. The proposed criterion is composed of two indexes. The first one is a frequency index computed from the aliasing of the filters. The second is a spatial index computed from the spread of the coefficients in spatial domain. From these indexes a filter set can be represented by a point in a criteria-plan. The abscissa is given by the frequency index and the ordinate by the spatial index. The quality of a wavelet filter bank is a trade-off between frequency and spatial quality. So the quality of a wavelet filter bank can be assessed from the position of the corresponding point in the criteria-plan. The coding and denoising performances are estimated for various filters (including orthogonal splines and Daubechies). These performances are connected to the indexes of each filter bank. The results show that the two proposed indexes allow : a good estimation of the coding and denoising performances of the wavelet filters, an objective comparison of the filters. Some clues on the connection between our indexes and the kernel size in the Heisenberg-Gabor formula are also given.
In many vision based surveillance systems the video is stored in wavelet compressed form. In this study, an algorithm for moving object and region detection in video that is compressed using a wavelet transform (WT) i...
详细信息
This paper presents a Robust Low Memory Zerotree Coder (RLMZC) with much less working memory. Two distinct bit sequences are designed according to their importance and channel noise sensitivity levels then being prote...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0889864349
This paper presents a Robust Low Memory Zerotree Coder (RLMZC) with much less working memory. Two distinct bit sequences are designed according to their importance and channel noise sensitivity levels then being protected differently. The RLMZC algorithm abandons the use of lists in most of zerotree coding methods, defines a compact flag map, and introduces the heuristic depth finding strategy in the significant location operation and significant refinement operation. The compact flag map stores the status of coefficients and the heuristic depth finding strategy searches the significant descendant coefficients in tree branches. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm also provides a coding framework that separates the significance bits from the refinement bits, which helps to employ unequal error protection over noisy channels. Comparison of RLMZC with Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees(SPIHT) shows that RLMZC saves at least 1.085Mbytes of memory but only reduces minor peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR) values for coding a 512 x 512 gray image. For noisy channels our coder is more robust than SPHIT with equal error protection. In addition, RLMZC outperforms another Low Memory Coder (LZC) in both noisy and noiseless channels. The RLMZC is shown to be highly promising for some memory limited applications and noisy channels transmission applications.
Since its first introduction, the lifting scheme(1,2) has become a powerful method to perform wavelet transforms and many other orthogonal transforms. Especially for integer-to-integer wavelet transforms, the lifting ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0819454966
Since its first introduction, the lifting scheme(1,2) has become a powerful method to perform wavelet transforms and many other orthogonal transforms. Especially for integer-to-integer wavelet transforms, the lifting scheme is an indispensable tool for lossless image compression. Earlier work has shown that the number of lifting steps can have an impact on the transform performance.(3) The fidelity of integer-to-integer transforms depends entirely on how well they approximate their original wavelet transforms. The predominant source of errors is due to the rounding-off of the intermediate real result to an integer at each lifting step. Hence, a wavelet transform with a large number of lifting steps would automatically increase the approximation error. In the case of lossy compression, the approximation error is less important because it is usually masked out by the transform coefficient quantization error. However, in the case of lossless compression, the compression performance is certainly affected by the approximation error. Consequently, the number of lifting steps in a wavelet transform is a major concern. The new lifting method presented in this paper reduces the number of lifting steps substantially in lossless data compression. Thus, it also significantly improves the overall rounding errors incurred in the real-to-integer conversion process at each of the lifting steps. The improvement of the overall rounding errors is more pronounced in the integer-to-integer orthogonal wavelet transforms, but the improvement in the integer-to-integer biorthogonal wavelet transforms is also significant. In addition, as a dividend, the new lifting method further saves memory space and decreases signal delay. Many examples on popular wavelet transforms are included.
Using the concepts of two-dimensional Hilbert transform and analytic signal, we construct a new quaternion wavelet transform (QWT). The QWT forms a tight frame and can be efficiently computed using a 2-D dual-tree fil...
详细信息
The objective of Adaptive Optics is to achieve dynamic correction of severely aberrated systems. This effort will develop a novel adaptive optics approach based on wavelets. Distortions are imprinted on the wavefront ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)0819454915
The objective of Adaptive Optics is to achieve dynamic correction of severely aberrated systems. This effort will develop a novel adaptive optics approach based on wavelets. Distortions are imprinted on the wavefront in the form of a spatially varying phase field. A wavelet-based method is being developed to subtract out distortions to yield a fully corrected image. This method will be initially developed for laser systems but aims eventually to be used for adaptive optical systems for ground-based telescopes.
Motion JPEG2000 has been developed as a new video coding standard for motion pictures utilizing the still image coding standard JPEG2000. Motion JPEG2000 specifies a normative bitstream syntax that the decoder must re...
详细信息
Motion JPEG2000 has been developed as a new video coding standard for motion pictures utilizing the still image coding standard JPEG2000. Motion JPEG2000 specifies a normative bitstream syntax that the decoder must recognize and allows flexible selection of detailed coding parameters at the encoder. The compression performance largely depends, therefore, on the encoder design. However, the simple implementation of JPEG2000 encoder might cause picture quality degradation due specifically to waveletimage coding of interlaced TV signals and unsatisfactory bit assignments. That degradation might then become conspicuous in subjective picture quality especially during low bit-rate coding. To overcome this problem, we investigated an optimal design for a Motion JPEG2000 encoder that can be used for primary distribution applications of HDTV programs, assuming that the available bit-rate is approximately 50 Mbps. Our study introduces advanced key technologies not yet recognized officially. Coding experiments using those technologies confirmed that a significant coding gain was achieved versus conventional encoding schemes.
暂无评论